Beverage intake, diabetes, and glucose control of adults in America
Abstract
Purpose Beverages are important components of diet and a route for the intake of caffeine, ethanol, and other bioactive substances. The aim of the study is to examine the association between type of beverages consumed and glucose control in American adults with and without diabetes. Methods Diabetes status, glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]) level, and 1-month recall food frequency questionnaires were all collected in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988 to 1994), based on a nationally representative sample of the noninstitutionalized civilian US population. We used regression and other methods for clustered data to examine the association of HbA1c levels with self-reported intake of carbonated drinks, alcohol, coffee, tea, juices, and milk in participants aged 18 to 75 years with and without diabetes. Results Adults with diabetes reported drinking half the amount of alcohol as adults without diabetes. Compared with nondrinkers, subjects who had 30 or more drinks per month of alcohol had mean HbA1c levels 1.2 units less (p Conclusions Alcohol consumption, at least in moderate amounts, correlates with better glucose control. There is a correlation between drinking diet soda and glucose control in adults with diabetes.
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Patients with type 2 diabetes are 3-fold more likely to consume beverages sweetened with LCS than healthy individuals.
“Furthermore, given that patients with type 2 diabetes are 3-fold more likely to consume beverages sweetened with LCS than healthy individuals (76)”
From Gut mechanisms linking intestinal sweet sensing to glycemic control (2018) · cites this paper as [76]
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- Authors
- Mackenzie, T., Brooks, B., & O'Connor, G.
- Affiliations
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mackenzie, Todd
- ORCID
- Mackenzie, Todd
- Venue
- Annals of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 688-691
- ISSN
- 1047-2797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2019758319
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- beverage consumption, diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, HbA1c, alcohol consumption, diet soda, soft drinks, coffee and tea, milk, juice, food frequency questionnaire, NHANES
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Animals, Beverages, Blood Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Milk, United States
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