Cited by 101Alcohol Consumption and Health EffectsDiet, Metabolism, and DiseaseDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Beneficial postprandial effect of a small amount of alcohol on diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors: modification by insulin resistance

Greenfield, Jerry R., Samaras, Katherine, Hayward, Chris S., Chisholm, Donald J., Campbell, Lesley V.·2005·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Abstract

Moderate alcohol consumption protects against type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Because humans spend most of their time in the postprandial state, we examined the effect of 15 g alcohol on postprandial metabolic factors in 20 postmenopausal women over 6 h. We measured 1) glucose, insulin, lipids, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin levels; 2) augmentation index by applanation tonometry; and 3) energy expenditure and substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry. Subjects received low carbohydrate (LC; visits 1 and 2) and high carbohydrate (HC; visits 3 and 4) high fat meals with and without alcohol. Alcohol augmented the postprandial increment in insulin (P = 0.07) and reduced the postprandial increment in glucose (P = 0.04) after the LC meal only. Triglycerides were increased by alcohol after the LC (P = 0.002) and HC (P = 0.008) meals. Total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fatty acids, and total adiponectin responses were unaffected. C-reactive protein levels decreased postprandially; reductions were enhanced by alcohol after the HC meal, but were attenuated after the LC meal. Postprandial reductions in the augmentation index were increased by alcohol after the LC meal only (P = 0.007). Alcohol enhanced the postprandial increase in energy expenditure 30-60 min after the LC meal (increase, 373 +/- 49 vs. 236 +/- 32 kcal/d; P = 0.02) and HC meal (increase, 362 +/- 36 vs. 205 +/- 34 kcal/d; P = 0.0009), but suppressed fat and carbohydrate oxidation. Some of our findings may be mechanisms for lower diabetes and cardiovascular risks in moderate drinkers.

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Crossref · 10.1210/jc.2004-1511

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  • Pro-inflammatory transcription factors, inflammatory markers including CRP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a and matrix metalloproteinase, and endothelial dysfunction markers VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin are elevated in response to acute and persistent hyperglycaemia.

    “Accordingly, pro-inflammatory transcription factors, inflammatory markers including CRP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a and matrix metalloproteinase and markers of endothelial dysfunction VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin have been observed to be elevated in response to acute and persistent hyperglycaemia (474,475,514,521,653,662,670,671) .”

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Authors
Greenfield, J. R., Samaras, K., Hayward, C. S., Chisholm, D. J., & Campbell, L. V.
Affiliations
  • Garvan Institute of Medical Research (AU)
  • St Vincent's Hospital Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author
Campbell, Lesley V.
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Published
2005-02-01
Volume
90
Issue
2
Pages
661-672
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
OpenAlex
W2152369807
Cited by
101
References
62
Citations by year
2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 9
FWCI
5.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Research Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
alcohol consumption, postprandial metabolism, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk, insulin resistance, postmenopausal women, high-carbohydrate meal, postprandial blood glucose, insulin response, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, augmentation index, arterial stiffness, energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, fat oxidation, carbohydrate oxidation
MeSH terms
Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Blood Glucose, C-Reactive Protein, Calorimetry, Indirect, Diabetes Mellitus, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Lipids, Middle Aged, Postmenopause, Postprandial Period, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Adiponectin

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