Cited by 152Aquaculture Nutrition and GrowthAlgal biology and biofuel productionAquaculture disease management and microbiota

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Nutritional applications of species of Spirulina and Chlorella in farmed fish: A review

Alagawany, Mahmoud, Taha, Ayman E., Noreldin, Ahmed, El-Tarabily, Khaled A., Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E.·2021·Aquaculture

DOI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736841

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Abstract

Microalgae contain 50% crude protein value, which is comparable with the amino acid profile of fish meal, and high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids make their use in animal feeding and nutrition extremely effective. Owing to the high price of fish meal and fish oil, cheaper suitable alternatives are being sought, and species of Spirulina and Chlorella could be a major plant protein source in farmed fish nutrition. Many studies have assessed the suitability of these microalgae in the diet of various fish species. This review highlights the influence of Spirulina on the growth enhancement of different fish species. Numerous beneficial effects of microalgae supplementation have been reported, including growth promotion in carp (Labeo rohita) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), stimulation of immunity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and enhancement of reproductive performance in yellowtail cichlid (Pseudotropheus acei). Novel investigations have concluded that Spirulina could be utilized in the treatment of wastewater containing outflow from fish culture activities because of its effectiveness in eliminating heavy metals and metabolising excess feed present in water outflow. The aquaculture industry could integrate the treatment of water outflow with production of Spirulina as an additive to fish diets.

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Authors: Alagawany, M., Taha, A. E., Noreldin, A., El-Tarabily, K. A., & Abd El-Hack, M. E.
Affiliations: Zagazig University (EG)
Alexandria University (EG)
Damanhour University (EG)
Murdoch University (AU)
Corresponding author: Alagawany, Mahmoud
El-Tarabily, Khaled A.
ORCID: Alagawany, Mahmoud
Taha, Ayman E.
Noreldin, Ahmed
El-Tarabily, Khaled A.
Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E.
Venue: Aquaculture
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2021-09
Volume: 542
Pages: 736841
ISSN: 0044-8486 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736841
OpenAlex: W3157582944
Cited by: 152
References: 172
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 11
FWCI: 2.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Aquaculture (publishedVersion)
Murdoch University Research Portal (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
Keywords: Spirulina, Chlorella, microalgae, fish nutrition, fish meal replacement, plant proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish growth promotion, immunostimulation, reproductive performance, Labeo rohita, Oreochromis niloticus, rainbow trout, heavy metal removal, wastewater treatment, aquaculture wastewater, feed additives

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Nutritional applications of species of Spirulina and Chlorella in farmed fish: A review

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