The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of psychological stress on the salivary cortisol and amylase levels in healthy young adults
Abstract
Objective Saliva sampling has the advantage that it is non-invasive, making multiple sampling easy and stress free. We examined the effects of psychological stressor and soother on the salivary cortisol and amylase levels in young adults, and compared the characteristics of these parameters.Design The subjects completed the trait version of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to assess the predisposition to personal anxiety. The video of corneal transplant surgery was served as the stressor for 15 min. A scenic beauty video viewing was also used as the soother. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected every 3 min throughout the session.Results The amylase level was significantly increased just after the beginning of the stressful video viewing, and immediately returned to the pre-stress level just after the end of the video viewing. The cortisol level was also increased, but to a lesser extent compared with that of amylase. The latency time to the peak level for cortisol was longer than that of amylase. The carry-over effect was not observed in the amylase response but was in cortisol. Although the correlation between the amylase level and the STAI score was highly significant, cortisol level did not. In addition, soothing video viewing significantly decreased the amylase level, but did not affect the cortisol level.Conclusion Salivary amylase level was more significantly increased and reacted more rapidly than cortisol by psychological stressor, suggesting that it is a better index of stress. Furthermore, it is suggested that the enzyme is a soothing or relaxation index.
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“sAA is a convenient marker and is easily collected and measured in saliva [36, 42–44]; it is recognized as both a soothing/relaxation index [45] and a stress response marker [36].”
From Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Self-Reported Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Blood Pressure and Stress Indices in Healthy Individuals (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“However, when there is no parallel activation of cortisol, increased sAA activity may also indicate that the enzyme is a soothing or relaxation index [45].”
From Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Self-Reported Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Blood Pressure and Stress Indices in Healthy Individuals (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
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Psychosocial Stressors and Salivary Cortisol Levels in A Sample of Healthy Young Adults
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“Additionally, whether cortisol level from our body exceeds a threshold can be utilized to label data as stressed, since the cortisol level increase correlates with mental stress [10], [11].”
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“Many studies have reported an increase in stress in response to varied nonsurgical situations such as mild‐to‐moderate exercises,[11‐13] sky diving,[14] mental arithmetic test,[15] noise exposure,[16] Trier Social Stress Test,[4,17] academic assessment stress,[18] stressful videos viewing,[19] etc.”
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“Salivary sampling is advantaged in that it is non-invasive, thus indicating that multiple samples can be obtained in an easy and stress-free manner (Takai et al., 2004). sAA levels vary directly with regard to norepinephrine levels, cardiac activity, and electrodermal activity, all of which are…”
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“5,22 In the present study, the mean pre-and postoperative amylase levels among the moderate anxiety group are 232.93 IU (SD = 9.2) and 83.79 IU (SD = 7.69), respectively.”
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“34 The Graphic Rating Scale.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Takai, N., Yamaguchi, M., Aragaki, T., Eto, K., Uchihashi, K., & Nishikawa, Y.
- Affiliations
- Osaka Dental University (JP)
- University of Toyama (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Takai, Noriyasu
- ORCID
- Yamaguchi, Masaki
- Venue
- Archives of Oral Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-12
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 963-968
- ISSN
- 0003-9969 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2108805072
- Cited by
- 568
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 3.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Oral Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- psychological stress, salivary cortisol, salivary amylase, stress biomarkers, trait anxiety, residual effects, relaxation, young adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amylases, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Psychological Tests, Relaxation, Saliva, Salivary Proteins and Peptides, Stress, Psychological, Time Factors
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