Epigenetic Signatures and Vascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinical Perspective
Abstract
Risk of diabetic complications continues to escalate overtime despite a multifactorial intervention with glucose-lowering drugs, anti-hypertensive agents and statins. In this perspective, a mechanisms-based therapeutic approach to vascular disease in diabetes represents a major challenge. Epigenetic signatures are emerging as important determinants of vascular disease in this setting. Methylation and acetylation of DNA and histones is a reversible process leading to dysregulation of oxidant and inflammatory genes such as mitochondrial adaptor p66(Shc) and transcription factor NF-kB p65. Epigenetic modifications associated with diabetes may contribute to the early identification of high risk individuals. Ongoing epigenomic analyses will be instrumental in identifying the epigenetic variations that are specifically associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. Here, we describe a complex scenario of epigenetic changes and their putative link with diabetic vascular disease. Pharmacological reprogramming of diabetes-induced epigenetic signatures may be a promising option to dampen oxidative stress and inflammation, and thus prevent cardiovascular complications in this setting.
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Hyperglycemic memory contributes to the pathophysiology of diabetes despite initiation of intensive glycemic control.
“Hyperglycemic memory contributes to the pathophysiology of diabetes despite the initiation of intensive glycemic control (190, 191).”
From A Critical Review of the Evidence That Metformin Is a Putative Anti-Aging Drug That Enhances Healthspan and Extends Lifespan (2021) · cites this paper as [191]
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- Authors
- Paneni, F., Costantino, S., Volpe, M., Lüscher, T. F., & Cosentino, F.
- Affiliations
- Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IT)
- University Hospital Zurich (CH)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Cosentino, Francesco
- Venue
- Atherosclerosis
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 230
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 191-197
- ISSN
- 0021-9150 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1997720046
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Atherosclerosis (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Keywords
- epigenetics, type 2 diabetes, diabetic vascular disease, cardiovascular risk, DNA methylation, histone acetylation, p66Shc, NF-κB p65, oxidative stress, inflammation, epigenetic profiling, epigenetic reprogramming, diabetes complications
- MeSH terms
- Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Angiopathies, Environment, Humans, Inflammation, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Risk, Vascular Diseases, Oxidants, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Epigenesis, Genetic, Transcription Factor RelA, Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins, Epigenomics
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