Cited by 426Adenosine and Purinergic SignalingNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Adenosine receptors and brain diseases: neuroprotection and neurodegeneration

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Gomes, Catarina V., Kaster, Manuella P., Tomé, Angelo R., Agostinho, Paula M., Cunha, Rodrigo A.·2011·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes

Abstract

Adenosine acts in parallel as a neuromodulator and as a homeostatic modulator in the central nervous system. Its neuromodulatory role relies on a balanced activation of inhibitory A(1) receptors (A1R) and facilitatory A(2A) receptors (A2AR), mostly controlling excitatory glutamatergic synapses: A1R impose a tonic brake on excitatory transmission, whereas A2AR are selectively engaged to promote synaptic plasticity phenomena. This neuromodulatory role of adenosine is strikingly similar to the role of adenosine in the control of brain disorders; thus, A1R mostly act as a hurdle that needs to be overcame to begin neurodegeneration and, accordingly, A1R only effectively control neurodegeneration if activated in the temporal vicinity of brain insults; in contrast, the blockade of A2AR alleviates the long-term burden of brain disorders in different neurodegenerative conditions such as ischemia, epilepsy, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease and also seem to afford benefits in some psychiatric conditions. In spite of this qualitative agreement between neuromodulation and neuroprotection by A1R and A2AR, it is still unclear if the role of A1R and A2AR in the control of neuroprotection is mostly due to the control of glutamatergic transmission, or if it is instead due to the different homeostatic roles of these receptors related with the control of metabolism, of neuron-glia communication, of neuroinflammation, of neurogenesis or of the control of action of growth factors. In spite of this current mechanistic uncertainty, it seems evident that targeting adenosine receptors might indeed constitute a novel strategy to control the demise of different neurological and psychiatric disorders.

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Authors
Gomes, C. V., Kaster, M. P., Tomé, A. R., Agostinho, P. M., & Cunha, R. A.
Affiliations
University of Coimbra (PT)
Corresponding author
Cunha, Rodrigo A.
Venue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-05
Volume
1808
Issue
5
Pages
1380-1399
ISSN
0005-2736 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2081196843
Cited by
419
References
473
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 26
FWCI
1.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
adenosine receptors, adenosine A1 receptor, adenosine A2A receptor, neuroprotection, neurodegeneration, neuromodulation, glutamatergic synapses, synaptic plasticity, ischemia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, neuroinflammation, neuron-glia communication, neurogenesis, growth factors, mental illness, adenosine receptor agonists
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain Diseases, Humans, Nerve Degeneration, Receptors, Purinergic P1, Neurotransmitter Agents, Neuroprotective Agents

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