Central administration of murine interferon-α induces depressive-like behavioral, brain cytokine and neurochemical alterations in mice: A mini-review and original experiments
Abstract
A role for pro-inflammatory cytokines and their neuroinflammatory signaling cascades in depressive pathology has increasingly gained acceptance. In this regard, several lines of evidence suggested that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) can provoke neurochemical and hormonal changes akin to those associated with psychological stressors, and that these cytokines also induce sickness behaviors that resemble some of the neurovegetative features of depression. Similarly, human depressed patients often display marked changes of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and immune cell activity. Perhaps more germane in the analysis of the cytokine-depression connection, reports of humans undergoing interferon-α (IFN-α) treatment for certain cancers or viral infections have indicated that the pro-inflammatory cytokine caused signs of major depression in a substantial subset of those treated. In the present investigation, we demonstrated that acute or repeated infusion of IFN-α into the lateral ventricles provoked depressive-like behavior and concomitant changes in serotonin (5-HT) and mRNA expression of particular 5-HT receptors and pro-inflammatory cytokines. These actions were less evident following administration directly into the prefrontal cortex and not apparent at all when administered to the dorsal raphe nucleus. The data are discussed in relation to the induction of depression elicited by IFN-α, and are presented in the context of a mini-review that highlights potential mechanisms through which the cytokine might act to promote psychomotor and affective disturbances and interact with stressors.
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Cytokines such as interferon-α promote depressive behaviors.
“In the brain, cytokines such as interferon-α promote depressive behaviors [179] and serotonin reuptake inhibitors have anti-inflammatory properties [180].”
From The molecular and cellular mechanisms of depression: a focus on reward circuitry (2019) · cites this paper as [179]
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- Authors
- Hayley, S., Scharf, J., & Anisman, H.
- Affiliations
- Carleton University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Anisman, Hymie
- ORCID
- Hayley, Shawn
- Venue
- Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 31
- Pages
- 115-127
- ISSN
- 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2031946701
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canada Research Chairs
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- interferon-alpha, depression, neuroinflammation, inflammatory cytokines, serotonin, serotonin receptors, IL-1β, TNF-α, lateral ventricle infusion, dorsal raphe nucleus, prefrontal cortex, sickness behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Corticosterone, Depression, Male, Motor Activity, Receptors, Serotonin, RNA, Messenger, Gene Expression, Cytokines, Interferon-alpha, Mice, Illness Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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