Cited by 1,870Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorTreatment of Major DepressionNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

The brain reward circuitry in mood disorders

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Russo, Scott J., Nestler, Eric J.·2013·Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Abstract

Mood disorders are common and debilitating conditions characterized in part by profound deficits in reward-related behavioural domains. A recent literature has identified important structural and functional alterations within the brain's reward circuitry--particularly in the ventral tegmental area-nucleus accumbens pathway--that are associated with symptoms such as anhedonia and aberrant reward-associated perception and memory. This Review synthesizes recent data from human and rodent studies from which emerges a circuit-level framework for understanding reward deficits in depression. We also discuss some of the molecular and cellular underpinnings of this framework, ranging from adaptations in glutamatergic synapses and neurotrophic factors to transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms.

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  • Dopaminergic projections from the VTA to NAc, PFC, amygdala and hippocampus that regulate reward and aversion are dysregulated in MDD and in rodent chronic stress models.

    “For example, dopaminergic projections from the VTA to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala and hippocampus that regulate responses to rewarding or aversive stimuli are reportedly dysregulated in people with MDD as well as in rodent models of chronic stress39–42.”

    From Central regulation of stress-evoked peripheral immune responses (2023) · cites this paper as [40]

    “The brain’s reward circuitry” describes VTA dopamine projections to the NAc, PFC, amygdala and hippocampus and their roles in reward and aversion. “Functional studies of monosynaptic reward circuits” reports altered VTA–NAc and VTA–PFC activity in chronically stressed mice, but does not establish such changes for the amygdala or hippocampus projections. The human-imaging discussion says the VTA had not yet been characterized functionally or structurally in human depression, so the claim about these dopaminergic projections in people with MDD is not supported. Page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Several brain regions that innervate bone marrow have been linked to stress responses, reward processing and the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety disorders.

    “Notably, several of these bone marrow-innervating brain regions have been implicated in stress responses, reward processing and the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety disorders.”
  • The NAc plays a crucial role in stress responses and mood disorders including MDD.

    “The NAc plays a crucial role in stress responses and mood disorders including MDD28.”
  • Susceptible and resilient mice show distinct cellular and circuit alterations between the NAcc and other brain regions within the reward circuitry.

    “Susceptible and resilient mice show distinct cellular and circuit alterations between the NAcc and other brain regions within the reward circuitry”

    From Social functioning in major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Russo and Nestler, 2013

  • Plasticity in the NAcc reward circuit has a causal role in mediating social anhedonia in a mouse model of depression.

    “demonstrating a causal role for plasticity in this circuit in mediating social anhedonia in a mouse model of depression”

    From Social functioning in major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Russo and Nestler, 2013

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [83]Lammel S Input-specific control of reward and aversion in the ventral tegmental area Nature 491 212 7 2011 23064228 PMC3493743

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Authors
Russo, S. J., & Nestler, E. J.
Affiliations
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Corresponding author
Russo, Scott J.
Venue
Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Published
2013-08-14
Volume
14
Issue
9
Pages
609-625
ISSN
  • 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0048
OpenAlex
W2071815275
Cited by
1,870
References
164
Citations by year
2026: 129 · 2025: 144 · 2024: 169 · 2023: 156 · 2022: 143 · 2021: 175 · 2020: 160 · 2019: 147 · 2018: 147 · 2017: 159 · 2016: 140 · 2015: 122 · 2014: 74 · 2013: 4
FWCI
11.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2013-08-20)
Open access
Locations
  • Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH090264, P50MH096890, R01 MH-51399, R01MH051399, P50-MH96890)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
brain reward system, mood disorders, depression, anhedonia, ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, glutamatergic synapses, neurotrophic factors, epigenetic mechanisms, transcriptional regulation, animal models of depression
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Humans, Neural Pathways, Reward, Mood Disorders

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