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Synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels
Open accessAbstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have been widely used for various biomedical applications due to their suitable biological properties and tunable physical characteristics. Three dimensional (3D) GelMA hydrogels closely resemble some essential properties of native extracellular matrix (ECM) due to the presence of cell-attaching and matrix metalloproteinase responsive peptide motifs, which allow cells to proliferate and spread in GelMA-based scaffolds. GelMA is also versatile from a processing perspective. It crosslinks when exposed to light irradiation to form hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties which mimic the native ECM. It can also be microfabricated using different methodologies including micromolding, photomasking, bioprinting, self-assembly, and microfluidic techniques to generate constructs with controlled architectures. Hybrid hydrogel systems can also be formed by mixing GelMA with nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide, and other polymers to form networks with desired combined properties and characteristics for specific biological applications. Recent research has demonstrated the proficiency of GelMA-based hydrogels in a wide range of applications including engineering of bone, cartilage, cardiac, and vascular tissues, among others. Other applications of GelMA hydrogels, besides tissue engineering, include fundamental single-single cell research, cell signaling, drug and gene delivery, and bio-sensing.
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“To this end, considerable efforts were made in developing hydrogel-based inks or printing techniques to enhance 3D stability and shape fidelity, such as printing multimaterial inks with combined nozzle system24, 25, photo-crosslinkable hydrogels17, 26, 27, adding viscosifiers28–30, or printing in sacrificial supporting materials31–33.”
From Fibre-infused gel scaffolds guide cardiomyocyte alignment in 3D-printed ventricles (2023) · cites this paper as [17]
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Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels to study cancer cell behaviors
Goodarzi, K., & Rao, S. S. (2021) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d1tb00963j · Cited by 59
Cell-laden injectable microgels: Current status and future prospects for cartilage regeneration
Nguyen, T. P. T., Li, F., Shrestha, S., Tuan, R. S., Thissen, H. W., Forsythe, J. S., & Frith, J. E. (2021) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121214 · Cited by 59
Liu, C., Zeng, H., Chen, Z., Ge, Z., Wang, B., Liu, B., & Fan, Z. (2022) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.083 · Cited by 59
Hu, Q., Lei, T., Long, H., Zhang, Y., Wang, D., Nan, J., Liu, W., Sun, Y., Hu, Y., & Lei, P. (2023) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.013 · Cited by 60
Pan, J., Deng, J., Yu, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, W., Han, X., Camargo, P. H. C., Wang, J., & Liu, Y. (2019) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-019-6333-8 · Cited by 58
“GelMA was prepared as reported previously [16, 18].”
BackgroundGelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Nanocomposite Hydrogels Embedding Bioactive Naringin Liposomes
Elkhoury, K., Sánchez‐González, L., Lavrador, P., Almeida, R., Gaspar, V. M., Kahn, C. J. F., Cleymand, F., Arab‐Tehrany, E., & Mano, J. F. (2020) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym12122944 · Cited by 59
“Hydrogels have been recently used for various tissue engineering applications due to their high water-binding capacity, porous structure, and tunable degradation properties [34].”
BackgroundRevisiting Airflow and Aerosol Transport Phenomena in the Deep Lungs with Microfluidics
Sznitman, J. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00621 · Cited by 59
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Atomistic simulations of pristine and nanoparticle reinforced hydrogels: A review
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“Some natural hydrogels are chitson, alginate, agarose, and so forth.(53) Nowadays, the natural hydrogel is replaced with synthetic hydrogel since the structure of the synthetic polymer can be easily modified.”
BackgroundFormation Theory and Printability of Photocurable Hydrogel for 3D Bioprinting
He, C., Sun, Y., Liu, N., Yu, K., Qian, Y., & He, Y. (2023) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202301209 · Cited by 58
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Daikuara, L. Y., Yue, Z., Skropeta, D., & Wallace, G. G. (2021) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.021 · Cited by 62
Inspired by the human placenta: a novel 3D bioprinted membrane system to create barrier models
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Hydrogel: A potential therapeutic material for bone tissue engineering
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Garcia-Cruz, M. R., Postma, A., Frith, J. E., & Meagher, L. (2021) · Biofabrication · doi:10.1088/1758-5090/abec2d · Cited by 63
“This agrees with previous studies which demonstrate that cells are able to interact with hybrid hydrogels containing GelMA as reviewed by Kan Yue et al [18].”
Strontium ranelate promotes chondrogenesis through inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Yu, H. Q., Liu, Y., Yang, X., He, J., Zhang, F., Zhong, Q., & Guo, X. (2021) · Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13287-021-02372-z · Cited by 57
“In short, gelatine directly reacts with MA in phosphate buffer, and lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP) is used as a photoinitiator [22].”
MethodBiodegradable dual-crosslinked adhesive glue for fixation and promotion of osteogenesis
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Modular Hydrogel Vaccine for Programmable and Coordinate Elicitation of Cancer Immunotherapy
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All‐in‐One Self‐Powered Microneedle Device for Accelerating Infected Diabetic Wound Repair
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Recent advances in 3D-printing-based organ-on-a-chip
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Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing
Chansoria, P., Rizzo, R., Rütsche, D., Liu, H., Delrot, P., & Zenobi‐Wong, M. (2024) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00134 · Cited by 57
ECM-mimicking composite hydrogel for accelerated vascularized bone regeneration
Li, G., Gao, F., Yang, D., Lin, L., Yu, W., Tang, J., Yang, R., Jin, M., Gu, Y., Wang, P., et al. (2024) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.08.035 · Cited by 58
Ludwig, P. E., Huff, T. J., & Zuñiga, J. M. (2018) · Journal of Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1177/2041731418769863 · Cited by 58
Egg-White-/Eggshell-Based Biomimetic Hybrid Hydrogels for Bone Regeneration
Huang, K., Hou, J., Gu, Z., & Wu, J. (2019) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00990 · Cited by 57
Metadata
- Authors
- Yue, K., Trujillo-de Santiago, G., Alvarez, M. M., Tamayol, A., Annabi, N., & Khademhosseini, A.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Annabi, Nasim
- Khademhosseini, Ali
- Venue
- Biomaterials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 73
- Pages
- 254-271
- ISSN
- 0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4610009
- OpenAlex
- W1120477740
- Semantic Scholar
- db0131b27b7eaf183c929a73ccd69d06de5cc188
- Cited by
- 3,146
- References
- 111
- Citations by year
- 2026: 433 · 2025: 464 · 2024: 394 · 2023: 430 · 2022: 347 · 2021: 314 · 2020: 243 · 2019: 213 · 2018: 137 · 2017: 106 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 7.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biomaterials (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- National Science Foundation (EFRI-1240443)
- IMMODGEL (602694)
- National Institutes of Health (EB012597, AR057837, DE021468, HL099073, AI105024, AR063745)
- Tecnológico de Monterrey
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, México-CONACyT (262130)
- CONACyT-Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (26048)
- MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI)
- Fundación México en Harvard
- CONACYT (234713)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Keywords
- gelatin methacryloyl, GelMA hydrogel, hydrogel synthesis, photopolymerization, extracellular matrix mimics, cell adhesion, tissue engineering scaffolds, bone tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering, cardiac tissue engineering, vascular tissue engineering, bioprinting, microfabrication, hybrid hydrogels, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, drug delivery, gene delivery, biosensing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Extracellular Matrix, Gelatin, Graphite, Humans, Methacrylates, Oxides, Polymers, Hydrogels, Amino Acid Motifs, Tissue Engineering, Nanotubes, Carbon, Microfluidics, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Tissue Scaffolds
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