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A review of biochar-based catalysts for chemical synthesis, biofuel production, and pollution control
Open accessAbstract
This review addresses the use of biochar as a green and versatile catalyst support for emerging high-end applications beyond soil remediation, including chemical synthesis and biodiesel production from biomass, and pollutant degradation in the environment. Their catalytic performances are comparable or even superior to the conventional resin-, silica-, or carbon-based catalysts, owing to the favourable intrinsic features of biochar (various functional groups, intricate network of structures, etc.). Yet, distinctive active sites are needed for different applications. It is highlighted that the active site accessibility for substrates critically determines the performance, which is associated with the biochar physicochemical characteristics (-SO3H site density, pore size distribution, surface area, etc.). They show varying significance depending on the catalytic sites on biochar, which may be controlled via novel pre-/post-synthesis modifications. This review elucidates the links among catalytic performances, physicochemical properties, and pyrolysis/modification-induced features, advising the tailored production of application-oriented biochar-based catalyst in the future.
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“Therefore, an abundant oxygen-containing functional group on the biochar matrix favors metal decoration (Xiong et al. 2017).”
From Role of biochar toward carbon neutrality (2023) · cites this paper as Xiong et al. 2017
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“Owing to its controllable and tailorable electrical conductivity and inherent functional groups, biochar could be easily designed to have photonic, electronic, acoustic, and bio/redox interactions with other reactive substances, making it a viable alternative to replace unsustainable solid C-based catalysts.250, 251, 252, 253, 254”
From Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality (2021) · cites this paper as [251]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Xiong, X., Yu, I. K. M., Cao, L., Tsang, D. C. W., Zhang, S., & Ok, Y. S.
- Affiliations
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Fudan University (CN)
- Korea University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Tsang, Daniel C.W.
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-12
- Volume
- 246
- Pages
- 254-270
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2727927980
- Semantic Scholar
- d3062bb678f76bc572454183a4071c71bbed2626
- Cited by
- 532
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 4.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Environment and Conservation Fund (K-ZB78)
- Hong Kong International Airport Environmental Fund (K-ZJKC)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Biodiesel Production and Applications
- Keywords
- biochar, catalyst supports, chemical synthesis, biodiesel production, biomass conversion, pollutant degradation, active site accessibility, pyrolysis, biochar modification, physicochemical properties, surface functional groups, pore size distribution, soil remediation
- MeSH terms
- Charcoal, Soil, Biomass, Biofuels
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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