Cited by 223Gastrointestinal motility and disordersRegulation of Appetite and ObesityNeuropeptides and Animal Physiology

The physiology of gastric emptying

Hellström, Per M., Grybäck, Per, Jacobsson, Hans·2006·Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology

Abstract

The gastric emptying rate is a carefully regulated process consisting of different mathematically defined phases. The gastric metabolic load, as well as neural regulatory mechanisms and hormonal influences, cooperate in order to achieve a well-balanced emptying of contents from the stomach into the duodenum for absorption in the small intestine. This finely tuned regulation is primarily regulated by the release of gastrointestinal peptide hormones which serve to counteract the emptying process in the fed state and to stimulate sweeping contractions in the fasted state, most likely in order to prepare the stomach for another meal. We have found that the two peptide hormones ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide- I (GLP- I) have a great impact on the regulation of gastric emptying: ghrelin is a most potent stimulator of gastric contractions and emptying, and GLP- I profoundly inhibits this emptying process. These data suggest possibilities for governing the rate of gastric emptying as a natural step in achieving metabolic balance and control.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.bpa.2006.02.002

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Authors
Hellström, P. M., Grybäck, P., & Jacobsson, H.
Affiliations
Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
Corresponding author
Hellström, Per M.
Venue
Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-09
Volume
20
Issue
3
Pages
397-407
ISSN
  • 1521-6896 (ISSN-L)
  • 1753-3740
OpenAlex
W1982227541
Cited by
223
References
86
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
0.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Novo Nordisk
  • Vetenskapsrådet
  • Karolinska Institutet
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Keywords
gastric emptying, gastric emptying rate, gastric motility, gastrointestinal peptide hormones, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1, gastric contractions, duodenal emptying
MeSH terms
Animals, Gastric Emptying, Gastric Mucosa, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Humans, Stomach, Peptide Hormones, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Ghrelin

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