Cited by 181Bariatric Surgery and OutcomesMinimally Invasive Surgical TechniquesBody Contouring and Surgery

Complications of bariatric surgery: Dumping syndrome, reflux and vitamin deficiencies

Tack, Jan, Deloose, Eveline·2014·Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology

Abstract

Bariatric surgical procedure are increasingly and successfully applied in the treatment of morbid obesity. Nevertheless, these procedures are not devoid of potential long-term complications. Dumping syndrome may occur after procedures involving at least partial gastric resection or bypass, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy. Diagnosis is based on clinical alertness and glucose tolerance testing. Treatment may involve dietary measures, acarbose and somatostatin analogues, or surgical reintervention for refractory cases. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be aggravated by vertical banded gastroplasty and sleeve gastrectomy procedures, but pre-existing GERD may improve after RYGB and with adjustable gastric banding. Nutrient deficiencies constitute the most important long-term complications of bariatric interventions, as they may lead to haematological, metabolic and especially neurological disorders which are not always reversible. Malabsorptive procedures, poor postoperative nutrient intake, recurrent vomiting and poor compliance with vitamin supplement intake and regular follow-up are important risk factors. Preoperative nutritional assessment and rigourous postoperative follow-up plan with administration of multi-vitamin supplements and assessment of serum levels is recommended in all patients.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.bpg.2014.07.010

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  • Early dumping occurs within 1 h after eating, when rapid emptying of food into the small intestine triggers rapid fluid shifts into the intestinal lumen and release of gastrointestinal hormones, resulting in gastrointestinal and vasomotor symptoms.

    “Early dumping occurs within 1 h after eating, when rapid emptying of food into the small intestine triggers rapid fluid shifts into the intestinal lumen and release of gastrointestinal hormones, resulting in gastrointestinal and vasomotor symptoms.”
  • Dumping syndrome is not a single disease entity but consists of a constellation of symptoms that can be categorized as early dumping or late dumping symptoms.

    “Dumping syndrome is not a single disease entity but, instead, consists of a constellation of symptoms that can be categorized as early dumping or late dumping symptoms (1,2).”
  • Early dumping is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, borborygmi, nausea, and diarrhoea, and vasomotor symptoms such as fatigue, desire to lie down after meals, flushing, palpitations, perspiration, tachycardia, hypotension, and, rarely, syncope.

    “Early dumping is characterized by gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, borborygmi, nausea, and diarrhoea, and vasomotor symptoms such as fatigue, desire to lie down after meals, flushing, palpitations, perspiration, tachycardia, hypotension, and, rarely, syncope (1,2).”
  • Alterations in gastric anatomy or interference with its intrinsic innervation disturb gastric emptying mechanisms and allow a substantial amount of undigested food to reach the small intestine too rapidly.

    “Alterations in gastric anatomy or interference with its intrinsic innervation disturb gastric emptying mechanisms and allow a substantial amount of undigested food to reach the small intestine too rapidly (1,2).”
  • Hypoglycemia-related symptoms are related to neuroglycopenia (fatigue, weakness, confusion, hunger and syncope) and autonomic/adrenergic reactivity (perspiration, palpitations, tremor and irritability).

    “Hypoglycemia-related symptoms are related to neuroglycopenia (fatigue, weakness, confusion, hunger and syncope) and autonomic/adrenergic reactivity (perspiration, palpitations, tremor and irritability) (1,2).”

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Authors
Tack, J., & Deloose, E.
Affiliations
KU Leuven (BE)
Corresponding author
Tack, Jan
Venue
Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-08
Volume
28
Issue
4
Pages
741-749
ISSN
1521-6918 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2116949156
Cited by
181
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 4
FWCI
4.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Body Contouring and Surgery
Keywords
bariatric surgery complications, dumping syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease, vitamin deficiency, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, vertical banded gastroplasty, gastric banding, malabsorptive surgery, acarbose, somatostatin analogues, glucose tolerance test, vitamin supplementation, morbid obesity
MeSH terms
Avitaminosis, Dumping Syndrome, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Humans, Obesity, Morbid, Gastric Bypass, Bariatric Surgery

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