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Obesity and the risk and prognosis of gallstone disease and pancreatitis

Bonfrate, Leonilde, Wang, David Q-H., Garruti, Gabriella, Portincasa, Piero·2014·Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology
DOI 10.1016/j.bpg.2014.07.013
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Abstract

Obesity is a risk factor for the formation of cholesterol gallstones and exposes patients to increased risk of gallstone-related complications and cholecystectomy. Rapid weight loss achieved by very low calorie diets or bariatric surgery is also a risk factor for cholelithiasis in obese patients, and therapy should take into account the higher prevalence of gallstones, the possibility of more frequent complications and the need for prophylactic treatment with oral ursodeoxycholic acid during weight loss. Obesity is also frequent in children and adolescents, and the burden of cholesterol cholelithiasis is increasing in this population. The chance to develop acute pancreatitis and the severity of the disease are higher in obese subjects because of specific pathogenic factors, including supersaturated bile and crystal formation, rapid weight loss, and visceral obesity. All health policies aimed at reducing the incidence of obesity worldwide will decrease the incidence of gallstones and gallstone-related complications. The pathophysiological scenarios and the therapeutic implications for obesity, gallstone disease, and pancreatitis are discussed.

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Metadata

Authors
Bonfrate, L., Wang, D. Q.-H., Garruti, G., & Portincasa, P.
Venue
Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-08
Volume
28
Issue
4
Pages
623-635
ISSN
1521-6918
DOI
10.1016/j.bpg.2014.07.013
Cited by
125
References
8
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Funders
  • Italian Agency of Drug (MRAR08P011-2012)
  • National Institutes of Health (DK73917)

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Bonfrate, L., Wang, D. Q.-H., Garruti, G., & Portincasa, P. (2014). Obesity and the risk and prognosis of gallstone disease and pancreatitis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2014.07.013