Myelination of the corpus callosum in male and female rats following complex environment housing during adulthood
Open accessAbstract
Myelination is an important process in brain development, and delays or abnormalities in this process have been associated with a number of conditions including autism, developmental delay, attention deficit disorder, and schizophrenia. Myelination can be sensitive to developmental experience; however, although the adult brain remains highly plastic, it is unknown whether myelination continues to be sensitive to experience during adulthood. Male and female rats were socially housed until four months of age, at which time they were moved into either a complex or "enriched" environment (EC) or an isolated condition (IC). Although the area of the splenium (posterior 20% of the callosum, which contains axons from visual cortical neurons) increased by about 10% following two months of EC housing, the area occupied by myelinated axons was not influenced by adult housing condition. Instead, it was the area occupied by glial cell processes and unmyelinated axons which significantly increased following EC housing. Neither the size nor the myelin content of the genu (anterior 15% of the callosum) was sensitive to manipulations of adult housing condition, but males had more area occupied by myelinated axons in both callosal regions. Finally, the inability of two months of complex environment housing during adulthood to impact the number of myelinated axons in the splenium was confirmed in a subset of animals using quantitative electron microscopy. We conclude that the sensitivity of myelination to experience is reduced in adulthood relative to development in both sexes.
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Environmental enrichment increases myelination of callosal fibres.
“Environmental enrichment, a less specific manipulation, has been shown to increase myelination of callosal fibres (Markham et al., 2009; Zhao et al., 2012).”
From Multi-modal characterization of rapid anterior hippocampal volume increase associated with aerobic exercise (2016) · cites this paper as Markham et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Markham, J. A., Herting, M. M., Luszpak, A. E., Juraska, J. M., & Greenough, W. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 1288
- Pages
- 9-17
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2737079
- OpenAlex
- W2093163702
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (NICHHD07333, NIMH 35321)
- National Institute on Aging (AG 022499, AG10154, R01AG022499, R01AG010154)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH035321)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD007333)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- environmental enrichment, sex differences, splenium, genu, myelinated axons, unmyelinated axons, social housing, rats
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Axons, Cell Count, Corpus Callosum, Female, Male, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Neuroglia, Organ Size, Sex Characteristics, Sex Factors, Social Environment, Rats, Long-Evans, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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