Attentional biases in PTSD: more evidence for interference

Pineles, Suzanne L.; Shipherd, Jillian C.; Mostoufi, Sheeva M.; Abramovitz, Sarah M.; Yovel, Iftah

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.08.001

Cited by 179Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMemory Processes and Influences

Attentional biases in PTSD: more evidence for interference

Pineles, Suzanne L., Shipherd, Jillian C., Mostoufi, Sheeva M., Abramovitz, Sarah M., Yovel, Iftah·2009·Behaviour Research and Therapy

DOI 10.1016/j.brat.2009.08.001

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Abstract

Attentional biases to trauma-related stimuli have been widely demonstrated in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the majority of these studies used methods not suited to differentiating difficulty disengaging attention from threatening stimuli (interference) from facilitated detection of threat. In the current study, a visual search task (VST) with a lexical decision component was used to differentiate between attentional interference and facilitation. Forty-six sexual assault survivors with High PTSD or Low PTSD symptoms completed the VST with three types of stimuli (trauma-related, general threat-related, and semantically-related neutral words), to examine the specificity of attentional biases associated with PTSD symptoms. High PTSD participants showed increased interference to trauma-related words relative to Low PTSD participants. Furthermore, the increased attentional interference in High PTSD participants was specific to trauma-related stimuli. No evidence was found for facilitated detection of threatening stimuli in PTSD. These results provide additional support for attentional biases in PTSD relating to attentional interference with trauma-related cues rather than facilitated detection of threat. The implications for this pattern of results are discussed in relation to anxiety disorders that are characterized by rumination and/or intrusions (e.g., PTSD, GAD) rather than those more circumscribed to fight or flight response (e.g., phobias).

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A well-replicated finding in the PTSD literature is disrupted cognitive control in individuals with PTSD, evidenced by greater distractibility from task-irrelevant stimuli and difficulty inhibiting responses to task-irrelevant stimuli.
“A well-replicated finding in the PTSD literature is that of disrupted cognitive control in individuals with PTSD, evidenced by greater distractibility from task irrelevant stimuli and difficulty inhibiting responses to task irrelevant stimuli”
From Exercise Intervention in PTSD: A Narrative Review and Rationale for Implementation (2019) · cites this paper as [73]

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Authors: Pineles, S. L., Shipherd, J. C., Mostoufi, S. M., Abramovitz, S. M., & Yovel, I.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
VA Boston Healthcare System (US)
Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
Corresponding author: Pineles, Suzanne L.
ORCID: Pineles, Suzanne L.
Shipherd, Jillian C.
Yovel, Iftah
Venue: Behaviour Research and Therapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-12
Volume: 47
Issue: 12
Pages: 1050-1057
ISSN: 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2009.08.001
OpenAlex: W1989977478
Cited by: 179
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 9.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, attentional bias, attentional interference, threat detection, sexual assault survivors, visual search task, lexical decision, rumination, generalized anxiety disorder, anxiety disorders
MeSH terms: Attention, Attitude, Decision Making, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Sex Offenses, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Visual Perception

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Attentional biases in PTSD: more evidence for interference

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