Effects of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD on self-experience
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: There is a resurgence of interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Primary findings from our randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-site Phase 3 clinical trial of participants with severe PTSD (NCT03537014) showed that MDMA-assisted therapy induced significant attenuation in the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 compared to Therapy with placebo. Deficits in emotional coping skills and altered self-capacities constitute major obstacles to successful completion of available treatments. The current analysis evaluated the differential effects of MDMA-assisted therapy and Therapy with placebo on 3 transdiagnostic outcome measures and explored the contribution of changes in self-experience to improvement in PTSD scores. METHODS: Participants were randomized to receive manualized therapy with either MDMA or placebo during 3 experimental sessions in combination with 3 preparation and 9 integration therapy visits. Symptoms were measured at baseline and 2 months after the last experimental session using the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the 26-item Self Compassion Scale (SCS), and the 63-item Inventory of Altered Self-Capacities (IASC). RESULTS: 90 participants were randomized and dosed (MDMA-assisted therapy, n = 46; Therapy with placebo, n = 44); 84.4% (76/90) had histories of developmental trauma, and 87.8% (79/90) had suffered multiple traumas. MDMA-assisted therapy facilitated statistically significant greater improvement on the TAS-20, the SCS, and most IASC factors of interpersonal conflicts; idealization disillusionment; abandonment concerns; identity impairment; self-awareness; susceptibility to influence; affect dysregulation; affect instability; affect skill deficit; tension reduction activities; the only exception was identity diffusion. CONCLUSION: Compared with Therapy with placebo, MDMA-assisted therapy had significant positive effects on transdiagnostic mental processes of self-experience which are often associated with poor treatment outcome. This provides a possible window into understanding the psychological capacities facilitated by psychedelic agents that may result in significant improvements in PTSD symptomatology.
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MDMA enhances metacognitive capacity, promoting self-other differentiation and deeper emotional processing, crucial in working with narcissistic pathology.
“Additionally, MDMA has demonstrated it enhances metacognitive capacity, promoting self-other differentiation and deeper emotional processing, both of which are crucial in working with narcissistic pathology (137).”
From Psychoanalytically informed MDMA-assisted therapy for pathological narcissism: a novel theoretical approach (2025) · cites this paper as [137]
The Discussion reports that MDMA-assisted therapy improved emotional self-awareness and helped participants with PTSD access painful experiences, supporting the emotional-processing part of the claim. The paper does not demonstrate enhanced metacognitive capacity or self–other differentiation. It mentions an association between low self-compassion and narcissism, but does not study treatment of narcissistic pathology. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMDMA-AT improves emotional regulation and strengthens self-experience, particularly in individuals with impaired self-coherence, such as those with PN.
“MDMA-AT has also been shown to improve emotional regulation and strengthen self-experience, particularly in individuals with impaired self-coherence, such as those with PN (137).”
From Psychoanalytically informed MDMA-assisted therapy for pathological narcissism: a novel theoretical approach (2025) · cites this paper as [137]
The Results (Treatment effects on self-experience measures; page not provided) report greater improvements in measures of emotion regulation and self-experience with MDMA-assisted therapy than with therapy and placebo in participants with PTSD. The Discussion suggests benefits may be particularly relevant to people with clinically significant impairments in these areas, but the paper does not establish the effect in people with PN or show that they benefit particularly. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMDMA facilitates emotional disclosure and increases comfort in discussing personal feelings.
“MDMA also facilitates emotional disclosure and increases comfort in discussing personal feelings (136, 137), which could be particularly important for narcissists with alexithymia, who struggle to identify and express their emotions.”
From Psychoanalytically informed MDMA-assisted therapy for pathological narcissism: a novel theoretical approach (2025) · cites this paper as [137]
The Methods (Self-experience measures) describe the alexithymia scale as measuring difficulty verbalizing emotions, and the Results (Treatment effects on self-experience measures) report greater improvement with MDMA-assisted therapy than with therapy plus placebo. This supports a link to expressing feelings, but the paper does not directly report greater comfort discussing personal feelings or measure emotional disclosure during sessions; the Discussion notes that sessions often occurred in relative silence. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Eastabrook, J. M., Lanteigne, D. M., & Hollenstein, T. (2013) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.001 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
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“Problems with emotion regulation (ER) influence both the development and the maintenance of PTSD symptoms after exposure to potentially traumatizing experiences [8, 62, 63], and predict both functional impairment and symptom complexity [50].”
BackgroundCognitive Behavioral Therapy for PTSD: The Role of Complex PTSD on Treatment Outcome
Lonergan, M. H. (2014) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2014.904467 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Fitzgerald, J. M., Gorka, S. M., Kujawa, A., DiGangi, J. A., Proescher, E., Greenstein, J. E., Aase, D. M., Schroth, C., Afshar, K., Kennedy, A. E., et al. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.11.005 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
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“MDMA’s effects on emotion regulation have been studied in healthy volunteers [31, 32].”
BackgroundReyno, S. M., Simmons, M., & Kinley, J. (2020) · Research in Psychotherapy Psychopathology Process and Outcome · doi:10.4081/ripppo.2020.439 · Cited by 30 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Alexithymia, deficits in being able to identify and describe emotions, is associated with posttraumatic pathology [22–24], and with a lack of habituation to emotionally distressing stimuli [25].”
BackgroundChing, T. H. W., Williams, M. T., Wang, J. B., Jerome, L., Yazar‐Klosinski, B., Emerson, A., & Doblin, R. (2022) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811221104052 · Cited by 29 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Some of this disparity can be attributed to a lower percentage of non-White participants seeking treatment [80], which warrants systematic changes to reduce cultural barriers to increase engagement in clinical research [81].”
BackgroundPost, L. M., Youngstrom, E. A., Connell, A. M., Zoellner, L. A., & Feeny, N. C. (2021) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102367 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Raudales, A. M., Weiss, N. H., Schmidt, N. B., & Short, N. A. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.02.028 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Bardeen, J. R., Daniel, T. A., Gordon, R. D., Hinnant, J. B., & Weathers, F. W. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103709 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Ford, J. D., Spinazzola, J., & van der Kolk, B. A. (2021) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2021.1929028 · Cited by 21 · cited 1× · see citing works
“All of these have been shown to correlate with poor treatment outcome [17, 18].”
BackgroundTracy, A., Jopling, E., & LeMoult, J. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103965 · Cited by 17 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…levels of emotion-regulation and self-compassion have been shown to improve treatment results for a variety of psychological interventions [33, 34], which invites an exploration of the potential for MDMA in the treatment of PTSD. MDMA may differentially alter emotion recognition, depending on…”
BackgroundEmotion response disconcordance among trauma-exposed adults: the impact of alexithymia
Putica, A., O'Donnell, M. L., Felmingham, K. L., & Dam, N. T. V. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291722002586 · Cited by 14 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Identifying feelings, describing them and recognizing their triggers are thought to allow an individual to reflect on the situation and to respond appropriately to the context, rather than acting solely on their emotional arousal [58].”
BackgroundPsychotherapy-supported MDMA treatment for PTSD
Krystal, J. H., Kelmendi, B., & Petrakis, I. L. (2021) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100378 · Cited by 11 · cited 1× · see citing works
“There has been a resurgence of interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances such as tryptamines (e.g., psilocybin), ketamine, and phenethylamines (e.g., 3,4-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)) [1, 2].”
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“At least one-quarter of patients drop out of trauma-focused psychotherapy, and up to one-half are left with significant lingering symptoms [7–9].”
Background
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Yao, Y., Guo, D., Lu, T., Liu, F.-L., Huang, S., Diao, M.-Q., Li, S., Zhang, X.-J., Kosten, T. R., Shi, J., et al. (2024) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115886 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Højlund, M., Kafalı, H. Y., Kırmızı, B., Fusar‐Poli, P., Correll, C. U., Cortese, S., Sabé, M., Fiedorowicz, J. G., Saraf, G., Zein, J., et al. (2025) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2025.09.011 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Introducing the legacies and trajectories of trauma to the archival field
Sexton, A. (2024) · Archival Science · doi:10.1007/s10502-024-09471-9 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“…interest in exploring new treatments is in fact extensive and includes looking at how brain–computer interaction devices that alter neural signals (neurofeedback) may help traumatised individuals (van der Kolk et al. 2016) as well as MDMA-assisted therapy techniques (van der Kolk et al. 2024).”
Blinding Integrity in Psychedelic Randomized Clinical Trials
Orsini, D. K., Wong, S., Luch, S. D. D., Chan, B., Vasudeva, S., Lovell, G. F. M., Le, G. H., Jones, B. D. M., Chisamore, N., Mollica, A., et al. (2026) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0255 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Agin-Liebes, G., Zeifman, R. J., & Mitchell, J. (2025) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2025.2485513 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Moreover, a recent secondary analysis of a phase 3 trial investigating MDMA-AT for PTSD reported a significant increase in self-compassion (using a single-factor total score) between baseline and 18 weeks after baseline, relative to the Placebo + Therapy (PT) group (van der Kolk et al., 2024).”
Healy, C. J., Frazier, A., Kirsch, S., Sanford, A., Garcia‐Romeu, A., Todman, M., Varon, J. P., & D'Andrea, W. M. (2025) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111361 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
EMBARK Psychedelic Therapy for Depression
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.001.0001 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
MDMA-assisted therapy as a treatment for major depressive disorder: proof of principle study
Kvam, T.-M., Goksøyr, I. W., Rog, J., van de Vooren, I.-T. J., Stewart, L. H., Autran, I., Berthold‐Losleben, M., Mørch-Johnsen, L. E., Holst, R., Clausen, I., et al. (2025) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2025.10320 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Albert, A. E., & Back, A. L. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1529427 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
MDMA-Assisted Group Therapy for PTSD: Development of a Novel Protocol
Stauffer, C. S., Bouleh, P., & Anderson, B. T. (2025) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2025.03.001 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Bozzatello, P., Novelli, R., Schisano, R., Brasso, C., Rocca, P., & Bellino, S. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18050665 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“We found two recent studies on this drug: an RCT and its subsequent exploratory data analysis [107,108].”
Yehuda, R., Lehrner, A. L., Sperka, M., Zaretsky, T. G., Pratchett, L. C., Haznedar, M. M., & Lepow, L. (2026) · Psychedelics · doi:10.1016/j.psyche.2026.100008 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Obi, T., & Ressler, K. J. (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-026-02371-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Kvam, T.-M., Goksøyr, I. W., Rog, J., van de Vooren, I.-T. J., Stewart, L. H., Autran, I., Berthold‐Losleben, M., Mørch-Johnsen, L. E., Holst, R., Røssberg, J. I., et al. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.030 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Exploring the potential of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for moral injury: A scoping review
Kurkova, V., Winkler, O., Greenshaw, A. J., Jetly, R., Swainson, J., Lodewyk, K., Saghafi, P., Dennett, L., & Burback, L. (2025) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111333 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Fares‐Otero, N. E., Furukawa, Y., Sijbrandij, M., Leucht, S., Vieta, E., Cuijpers, P. J., Harrer, M., & Seedat, S. (2026) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112802 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Is there a place for psychedelics in sports practice?
Portes, M. A. M., Werle, I., & Bertoglio, L. J. (2025) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2025.13 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Herbert, M. S., Blanco, B. H., Perivoliotis, D., Luoma, J. B., Fernandes‐Osterhold, G., Bismark, A. W., & Woolley, J. D. (2025) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2025.01.001 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Psychedelics - A Cure for Sexual Trauma or a Risk Factor in Recreational and Treatment Settings?
Struble, C. A. (2025) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-025-00372-x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Peled‐Avron, L., Aday, J. S., Kalafateli, A. L., Hamilton, H., & Woolley, J. D. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1431389 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kronman, H. G., Locker, A., Assadi, A., & Guss, J. R. (2025) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2025.00402 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The stigma paradox: sympathetic and discriminatory responses toward trauma survivors in China
Chen, W., Cheung, M., Leung, P., Brewer, K. B., He, X., & Gearing, R. E. (2025) · Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work · doi:10.1080/15313204.2025.2524356 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Psychological support in psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trials: A systematic review
Brusky, B., M’Baïlara, K., Alla, F., & Barrault, M. (2026) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811261424204 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“…mediate outcomes, including oceanic boundlessness and ego dissolution; emotional regulation; psychological flexibility; rumination and thought suppression; and experiential avoidance (Barba et al., 2022; Roseman et al., 2018; Sloshower et al., 2024; Van Der Kolk et al., 2024; Zeifman et al., 2023).”
Lehrner, A. L., Sperka, M., Lepow, L., Pratchett, L. C., Zaretsky, T. G., Haznedar, M. M., & Yehuda, R. (2026) · Psychedelic Medicine · doi:10.1177/28314425261429233 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Introduction to the EMBARK Approach
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0003
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0006
Bringing It Home and Carrying It Forward
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0009
Considerations Prior to Meeting With a Participant
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0005
INTRODUCTION: A New Approach for the Whole Person
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0001
Choosing Suggested Integration Goals
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.005.0004
Working Within the EMBARK Domains Cheat Sheet
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.005.0003
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0007
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.005.0002
An Overview of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0002
Personal Care for the Therapist
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.005.0001
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0008
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.002.0004
EMBARK Mechanisms of Change in the Treatment of Depression
Brennan, B., & Belser, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197762622.003.0004
Open MDMA: An Open Source Framework and Practical Guide for the Therapeutic use of MDMAPreprint
Groeneveld, M., & Harper, T. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/aps5g
Groeneveld, M., & Harper, T. (2025) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/aps5g_v3
ALTERNATIVAS FARMACOLÓGICAS PARA O TRATAMENTO DE TRANSTORNOS DE ANSIEDADE: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Lopes, R. M. L., Galvão, J. G. F. M., Marques, A. E. F., & Pereira, L. R. D. A. B. (2025) · Revista interdisciplinar em saúde · doi:10.35621/23587490.v12.n1.p1507-1530
Zech, J. M., Richard, J., & Jones, G. M. (2025) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2025.2583967
“Tragic Person evolved: Transforming tragedy into hope through new, alternative treatments”
Zimmerman, D. (2025) · Psychoanalysis Self and Context · doi:10.1080/24720038.2025.2604803
“The prevailing research by Dore et al. (2019) and others (Feder et al., 2014; Van der Kolk et al., 2024; Wolfson et al., 2024), overwhelmingly supports the therapeutic potential for alternative medications in a clinical setting.”
PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF PTSD WITH PSYCHEDELICS: A FUTURE OUTLOOK
Gorski, M., Januszkiewicz, A., Januszkiewicz, W., Machulski, W., Ciarkowska, M., Makulski, J. K., Franczyk, K., Swierk, K., Podkościelny, D., & Gierasimiuk, M. (2025) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.4(48).2025.4392
Mac, A. M., Kallakuri, S., Mascarin, A. T., LeVasseur, G. W., Haq, S., Moua, M. M., Vasiq, A. H., Lewis-Gates, M. E., Thompson-Huber, E. J., Baggott, M. J., et al. (2026) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-026-07010-1
Biomarkers for complex post-traumatic stress disorder: translational and evolutionary perspectives
Rajkumar, R. P. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1786811
Somatic symptoms and sensory dysregulation are central to the clinical presentation of PTSD
van der Kolk, B. A., & McFARLANE, A. C. (2026) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.70039
Modlin, N. L., Elek, Z., Maggio, C., Agrawal, M., Lepow, L., Rucker, J., Stubley, J., & Guss, J. R. (2026) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2026.54.2.338
Smith, S., Mohammad, H., Lee, L.-H. N., Dennett, L., Smith, S., Burback, L., Winkler, O., Greenshaw, A., Jetly, R., Kennedy, S., et al. (2026) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-026-07110-y
Kasiviswanathan, K., Nilaweera, D., Morando, M., Rao, S., Lee, J., Fettling, J., & Broadbear, J. H. (2026) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/20451253251408626
“…evidence from this review suggests that there were significant reductions in abandonment concerns and emotional dysregulation post-MDMA-AP treatment (in 91% of all participants, n = 42/46), some participants in van der Kolk et al. 2024 experienced abandonment issues at the end of treatment.”
MDMA as an early post-trauma intervention in a translational animal model of PTSD
Baruch, O., Reiss, N., Todder, D., Zohar, J., & Cohen, H. (2026) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111853
Shinozuka, K., Dumanis, S. B., & Williams, N. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-31497-0_6
Green, W., Raut, S. B., James, F. L. J., Benedek, D. M., Ursano, R. J., Capaldi, V. F., & Johnson, L. R. (2026) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000478
Current drug treatment of mental disorders
Bidan, N., Datkhayev, U., Serikbayeva, E., ZHAKIPBEKOV, K., Umurzakhova, G., Omirbayeva, A., & Shimirova, Z. (2026) · Pharmacia · doi:10.3897/pharmacia.73.e194894
“This research highlights the psychological benefits that psy-chedelic substances may offer in alleviating PTSD symptoms (Mitchell et al. 2023; van der Kolk et al. 2024).”
- Authors
- van der Kolk, B. A., Wang, J. B., Yehuda, R., Bedrosian, L., Coker, A. R., Harrison, C., Mithoefer, M., Yazar-Klosinki, B., Emerson, A., & Doblin, R.
- Affiliations
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2024-01-10
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e0295926
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10781106
- OpenAlex
- W4390693439
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 19
- FWCI
- 27.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (vor)
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedlic Studies (MAPP1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, post-traumatic stress disorder, self-experience, alexithymia, self-compassion, affect dysregulation, interpersonal conflict, transdiagnostic mechanisms, psychedelic therapy, treatment outcome predictors
- MeSH terms
- Coping Skills, Anxiety, Hallucinogens, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
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