Attentional control in OCD and GAD: Specificity and associations with core cognitive symptoms
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are both defined by excessive negatively-valenced cognitions. Although obsessional thoughts are considered essential to OCD and perseverative worry is considered essential to GAD, these excessive cognitions have been found to co-occur in both disorders. Accordingly, a common diathesis may influence the emergence of excessive thoughts in both disorders. The present study examined deficits in attentional control as a cognitive vulnerability that may contribute to both obsessional thought and perseverative worry. Patients with OCD (n=30), GAD (n=29), and non-clinical controls (NCC; n=29) completed measures of obsessional thoughts, perseverative worry, and attentional control. Deficits in self-reported attentional control were found in both OCD and GAD relative to the NCC. However, attentional control was only related to excessive cognition in the GAD patient group, where deficits were associated with increased perseverative worry. Mediational modeling suggested that trait anxiety mediated the relationship between attentional control and perseverative worry in GAD. Implications of these findings for conceptualizing the role of attentional control in the genesis of excessive cognitions in OCD and GAD are discussed.
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Anxious individuals orient gaze specifically to symptom-related threat as opposed to more generally threatening stimuli.
“This is consistent with findings that anxious individuals orient gaze specifically to symptom-related threat as opposed to more generally threatening stimuli (e.g., Armstrong et al., 2011).”
From Eye tracking of attention in the affective disorders: a meta-analytic review and synthesis (2012) · cites this paper as Armstrong et al., 2011
Deficits in endogenous attentional control have consistently been found in anxiety disorders.
“deficits in endogenous attentional control, which have consistently been found in anxiety disorders (e.g., Armstrong, Zald, & Olatunji, 2011)”
From Eye tracking of attention in the affective disorders: a meta-analytic review and synthesis (2012) · cites this paper as Armstrong, Zald, & Olatunji, 2011
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- Authors
- Armstrong, T., Zald, D. H., & Olatunji, B. O.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Armstrong, Thomas
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-11
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 756-762
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3266065
- OpenAlex
- W2167392387
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R03MH082210)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- attentional control, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessional thoughts, trait anxiety, cognitive vulnerability
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Attention, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Self Report
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