Cited by 153Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychological Treatments and AssessmentsPsychotherapy Techniques and Applications

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Mechanisms of change in cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder: The unique effects of self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity

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Gallagher, Matthew W., Payne, Laura A., White, Kamila S., Shear, Katherine M., Woods, Scott W., Gorman, Jack M., Barlow, David H.·2013·Behaviour Research and Therapy

DOI 10.1016/j.brat.2013.09.001PMC PMC3866809

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Abstract

The present study examined temporal dependencies of change of panic symptoms and two promising mechanisms of change (self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity) during an 11-session course of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for Panic Disorder (PD). 361 individuals with a principal diagnosis of PD completed measures of self-efficacy, anxiety sensitivity, and PD symptoms at each session during treatment. Effect size analyses indicated that the greatest changes in anxiety sensitivity occurred early in treatment, whereas the greatest changes in self-efficacy occurred later in treatment. Results of parallel process latent growth curve models indicated that changes in self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity across treatment uniquely predicted changes in PD symptoms. Bivariate and multivariate latent difference score models indicated, as expected, that changes in anxiety sensitivity and self-efficacy temporally preceded changes in panic symptoms, and that intraindividual changes in anxiety sensitivity and self-efficacy independently predicted subsequent intraindividual changes in panic symptoms. These results provide strong evidence that changes in self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity during CBT influence subsequent changes in panic symptoms, and that self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity may therefore be two distinct mechanisms of change of CBT for PD that have their greatest impact at different stages of treatment.

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Authors: Gallagher, M. W., Payne, L. A., White, K. S., Shear, K. M., Woods, S. W., Gorman, J. M., & Barlow, D. H.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
University of Missouri–St. Louis (US)
Columbia University (US)
Yale University (US)
Corresponding author: Gallagher, Matthew W.
ORCID: Gallagher, Matthew W.
Payne, Laura A.
White, Kamila S.
Woods, Scott W.
Gorman, Jack M.
Barlow, David H.
Venue: Behaviour Research and Therapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-11
Volume: 51
Issue: 11
Pages: 767-777
ISSN: 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2013.09.001
PMC: PMC3866809
OpenAlex: W2014211531
Cited by: 153
References: 71
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 13.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Keywords: panic disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, mechanisms of change, self-efficacy, anxiety sensitivity, panic symptoms, parallel process model, latent difference score models, latent growth curve models
MeSH terms: Adult, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Time Factors, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Panic Disorder, Self Efficacy, Symptom Assessment

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Mechanisms of change in cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder: The unique effects of self-efficacy and anxiety sensitivity

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