Prolonged visual memory enhancement after direct current stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease
Open accessAbstract
Background Immediately after patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) receive a single anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) session their memory performance improves. Whether multiple tDCS sessions improve memory performance in the longer term remains unclear.Objective In this study we aimed to assess memory changes after five consecutive sessions of anodal tDCS applied over the temporal cortex in patients with AD.Methods A total of 15 patients were enrolled in two centers. Cognitive functions were evaluated before and after therapeutic tDCS. tDCS was delivered bilaterally through two scalp anodal electrodes placed over the temporal regions and a reference electrode over the right deltoid muscle. The stimulating current was set at 2 mA intensity and was delivered for 30 minutes per day for 5 consecutive days.Results After patients received tDCS, their performance in a visual recognition memory test significantly improved. We found a main effect of tDCS on memory performance, i.e., anodal stimulation improved it by 8.99% from baseline, whereas sham stimulation decreased it by 2.62%. tDCS failed to influence differentially general cognitive performance measures or a visual attention measure.Conclusions Our findings show that after patients with AD receive anodal tDCS over the temporal cerebral cortex in five consecutive daily sessions their visual recognition memory improves and the improvement persists for at least 4 weeks after therapy. These encouraging results provide additional support for continuing to investigate anodal tDCS as an adjuvant treatment for patients with AD.
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Cognitive training effects with tDCS in other disorders and healthy subjects have been shown to last up to 6 months and even 1 year.
“Cognitive training effects with tDCS in other disorders and healthy subjects have been shown to last up to 6 months (Boggio et al., 2012; Kuo et al., 2014) and even 1 year (Katz et al., 2017).”
From Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Its Clinical Translation (2018) · cites this paper as Boggio et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Boggio, P. S., Ferrucci, R., Mameli, F., Martins, D., Martins, O., Vergari, M., Tadini, L., Scarpini, E., Fregni, F., & Priori, A.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (BR)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (IT)
- Harvard University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Brain stimulation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 223-230
- ISSN
- 1876-4754 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-861X
- OpenAlex
- W2068800228
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doaj.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain stimulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, transcranial direct current stimulation, anodal tDCS, visual recognition memory, visual memory, temporal cortex, non-invasive brain stimulation, adjuvant therapy, sham stimulation
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Memory Disorders, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Temporal Lobe, Treatment Outcome, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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