Cited by 249Indoor Air Quality and Microbial ExposureBuilding Energy and Comfort OptimizationInfection Control and Ventilation

Challenges in developing ventilation and indoor air quality standards: The story of ASHRAE Standard 62

Open access
Persily, Andrew·2015·Building and Environment

Abstract

Building ventilation has long been recognized for its role in occupant health, comfort and productivity, with some of the first recommendations on building ventilation rates published in the 19 th century. These recommendations were subsequently transformed into more rigorous standards and guidance in the 20 th century, with the first version of ASHRAE Standard 62 published in 1973. Since that time, ventilation standards have been issued in several countries around the world and have dealt with an increasingly complex and challenging range of issues as research on indoor air quality and the state of knowledge of building performance have progressed. This paper reviews and discusses some of the issues that have been addressed in the development of ventilation standards in recent years using the development of ASHRAE Standard 62 as context, including: the scientific bases for ventilation requirements, perceived indoor air quality, contaminant sources from occupants and the building, outdoor air quality, airborne contaminant limits, indoor carbon dioxide concentrations, environmental tobacco smoke, and performance-based design. Issues that are expected to be dealt with as Standard 62 and other standards are developed into the future are also reviewed.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.026

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  • Basic ventilation standards for indoor spaces such as schools and kindergartens are designed to dilute bio-effluents and achieve basic levels of acceptable indoor air quality rather than to control infection.

    “Following the basic ventilation standards for indoor spaces such as schools and kindergartens, we noticed that they are designed to dilute bio-effluents and achieve basic levels of acceptable indoor air quality rather than to control infection [4].”

    From Bacteria Filtration Efficiency for Different Types of Protective Face Masks (2023) · cites this paper as [4]

    The Introduction says ventilation standards use outdoor air to dilute indoor contaminants and provide acceptable indoor air quality. The Ventilation Rate Requirements section discusses classroom rates and body-odor control, but also says standards address sources beyond bioeffluents. Our copy does not establish the claimed contrast with infection control or specifically discuss kindergartens. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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12 of the 36 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 10

  1. [3]Klauss AK, Tull RH, Roots LM, Pfafflin JR. History of the Changing Concepts in Ventilation Requirements. ASHRAE Journal. 1970; 12: 51– 5.
  2. [4]Jennings BH, Armstrong JA. Ventilation Theory and Practice. ASHRAE Transactions. 1971; 77 (I): 50– 9.
  3. [5]Janssen JE. The V in ASHRAE: An Historical Perspective. ASHRAE Journal. 1994; 36(8): 126– 32.
  4. [6]Janssen JE. The History of Ventilation and Temperature Control. ASHRAE Journal. 1999; 41(10): 48– 70.
  5. [7]Stanke D Ventilation Through the Years: A Perspective. ASHRAE Journal. 1999; 41(8): 40– 3.
  6. [10]Limb MJ. A Review of International Ventilation, Airtightness, Thermal Insulation and Indoor Air Quality Criteria. TN 55, Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre, Coventry, Great Britain; 2001.
  7. [39]Pejtersen J, Oie L, Skar S, Clausen G, Fanger PO. A Simple Method to determine the Olf Load in a Building. The Fifth International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Indoor Air '90. Toronto 1990 537– 42.
  8. [43]ACGIH. 2014 Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs). Cincinnati, Ohio: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists; 2014.
  9. [49]Persily AK. Evaluating Building IAQ and Ventilation with Indoor Carbon Dioxide. ASHRAE Transactions. 1997; 103 (2): 193– 204.
  10. [59]Bridges B, Carlson N, Grimsrud D, Springman T, Williams S. Application of the Standard 62.1-2007Indoor Air Quality Procedure to Retail Stores. ASHAE Transactions. 2013; 119(2): 265– 73.

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Authors
Persily, A.
Affiliations
National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Persily, Andrew
Venue
Building and Environment
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-09
Volume
91
Pages
61-69
ISSN
0360-1323 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1987070984
Cited by
249
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
FWCI
8.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Building and Environment (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
Keywords
building ventilation, indoor air quality, ventilation standards, indoor carbon dioxide, environmental tobacco smoke, outdoor air quality, performance-based design

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