Cited by 903Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Work-Related FatigueDietary Effects on Health

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The Meter of Metabolism

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Green, Carla B., Takahashi, Joseph S., Bass, Joseph·2008·Cell

DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2008.08.022PMC PMC3760165

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Abstract

The circadian system orchestrates the temporal organization of many aspects of physiology, including metabolism, in synchrony with the 24 hr rotation of the Earth. Like the metabolic system, the circadian system is a complex feedback network that involves interactions between the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Emerging evidence suggests that circadian regulation is intimately linked to metabolic homeostasis and that dysregulation of circadian rhythms can contribute to disease. Conversely, metabolic signals also feed back into the circadian system, modulating circadian gene expression and behavior. Here, we review the relationship between the circadian and metabolic systems and the implications for cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes.

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“Because energy metabolism and the circadian clock are highly interlocked, disruption of the clock machinery contributes to metabolic disorders such as obesity (Green et al. 2008; Gooley and Chua 2014).”
Chronic Phase Shifts Are Associated With Higher Systolic Blood Pressure and Impaired Glucose Tolerance Independently of Estrogen Deficiency in Female Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Nthlane, R., Scheuermaier, K. D., Mkhize, S. A., & Michel, F. S. (2025) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/07487304251347464 · Cited by 1
“…ensure optimal alignment of behavioral cycles (i.e., sleep/wake, feeding/fasting, rest/activity, etc.) with internal physiological processes (digestion, glucose metabolism, blood pressure [BP] control, etc.) (Green et al., 2008; Silver and Rainbow, 2013; Meléndez-Fernández et al., 2023).”
NR1D1 (REVERBalpha) may be novel candidate gene for coronary artery disease in men: Differential effects of NR1D1 polymorphisms by gender
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“The term “circadian rhythms” is used to describe the daily biochemical, physiological, and behavioral cycles that are regulated by endogenous “clocks” in living organisms (Burris 2008; Green et al. 2008; Pourcet and Duez 2021).”
Peripheral metabolic profiles in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: Features and genotype-phenotype links
Lin, H., Su, Q., Zhang, J., Lin, W., Cui, M., Qiu, Y., Huang, Z.-Y., Ye, B., Ye, Y.-X., Jia, Y.-L., et al. (2026) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2026.108236 · Cited by 1
Circadian Alignment Through Time-Restricted Feeding: Implications for Health and Longevity
Iiams, S. E., Skinner, N. J., Green, C. B., & Takahashi, J. S. (2026) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-112525-011241 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Circadian rhythm in platelet: an emerging therapeutic target in human diseases
Wang, Z., Chen, Z., Li, F., Chen, L., & Xiong, G. (2026) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2026.1795526 · Cited by 1
“Circadian disruption relaxes this transcriptional brake, triggering the hyperactivation of the NF-k B pathway and establishing a state of chronic, low-grade metabolic in ﬂ ammation (Green et al., 2008).”
Metabolic and Hormonal Regulation During Sleep
Tauman, R. (2012) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-725-9_9 · Cited by 1
17th European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2009)
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Daily variations of serum lipids in Ovis aries under different lighting and feeding conditions
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“In mammals, the circadian clock influences nearly all aspects of physiology including metabolism and energy homeostasis (Green et al., 2008) by mediating the daily variation levels of metabolic enzymes, nuclear receptors of many hormones, such as insulin, glucagon and leptin (La Fleur, 2003; Kohsaka and Bass, 2007; Be…”
Circadian regulation of cellular homeostasis – Implications for cell metabolism and clinical diseases
Meermeier, N., & Krishnan, N. (2012) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2012.03.023 · Cited by 1
“ique advantages to organisms as they anticipate and synchronize their feeding and activity cycles to the environment [1,33,34].”
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Bentivoglio, M., & Zucconi, G. G. (2012) · ARCHIVES ITALIENNES DE BIOLOGIE · Cited by 1
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Imai, S. (2010) · Cornea · doi:10.1097/ico.0b013e3181ea4714 · Cited by 1
Circadian Clock Mechanisms Link Aging and Inflammation
Kondratova, A. A., & Kondratov, R. V. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397803-5.00012-5 · Cited by 1
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Tuvia, N., Persson, P. B., & Persson, A. B. (2016) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.12818 · Cited by 1
“Just one example shows how the clock and metabolism are intimately intertwined (Green et al. 2008).”
Sirtuins and the Circadian Clock: Epigenetic and Metabolic Crosstalk
Masri, S., Bellet, M. M., & Sassone‐Corsi, P. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-024-0962-8_11 · Cited by 1
Food Intake and Its Control by Signaling Molecules
Vázquez‐Cuevas, F. G., Aguilar‐Roblero, R. A., Arellanes-Licea, E. D. C., Macotela, Y., Martínez, O. V., Villanueva, I., & Díaz‐Muñoz, M. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803592-4.00006-7 · Cited by 1
Age and Sex-Specific Effect of Caloric Restriction on Circadian Clock and Longevity-Associated Gene Expression
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Managing Sleep Problems Among Cardiac Patients
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Sleep and vaccine administration time as factors influencing vaccine immunogenicity
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Melatonin, Circadian Rhythms, and Sleep: An Opportunity to Understand Mechanisms for Protecting Against Neurodegenerative Disease in Drosophila
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Sleep and Circadian-Related Outcomes after Critical Illness
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“This is not surprising, since the molecular clock genes (Clock, Bmal1, Cry 1–2, Per 1–3, and Rev-erb a ) control the expression and activity of numerous enzymes, transport systems and nuclear receptors involved in energy metabolism, in organs such as liver, pancreas, and white adipose tissue [ 113 ] .”
Effects of Combination of Carvedilol and Melatonin on Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats
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“The intimate relationship between circadian rhythms and metabolism is getting recognized and a link between the disruption of circadian rhythms and metabolic perturbations is suggested as one of the major causes of metabolic syndrome [8].”
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Self-citation

Authors: Green, C. B., Takahashi, J. S., & Bass, J.
Affiliations: University of Virginia (US)
Northwestern University (US)
Corresponding author: Takahashi, Joseph S.
Bass, Joseph
ORCID: Green, Carla B.
Takahashi, Joseph S.
Bass, Joseph
Venue: Cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-09
Volume: 134
Issue: 5
Pages: 728-742
ISSN: 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.08.022
PMC: PMC3760165
OpenAlex: W2063946784
Cited by: 902
References: 145
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 74
FWCI: 7.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 1816 d)
Locations: Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Amylin Pharmaceuticals
National Institutes of Health (5p50mh074924-05)
National Institute on Aging (P01AG011412)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL075029)
National Institute of Mental Health (P50 MH-074924, R01MH078024)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM076626)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
Keywords: circadian rhythm, metabolism, circadian regulation, metabolic homeostasis, circadian gene expression, central nervous system, peripheral tissues, cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus
MeSH terms: Animals, Biological Clocks, Circadian Rhythm, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Metabolic Networks and Pathways

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