Cited by 811Epigenetics and DNA MethylationChromatin Remodeling and CancerRNA modifications and cancer

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Loss of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Is an Epigenetic Hallmark of Melanoma

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Lian, Christine Guo, Xu, Yufei, Ceol, Craig, Wu, Feizhen, Larson, Allison, Dresser, Karen, Xu, Wenqi, Tan, Li, Hu, Yeguang, Zhan, Qian, Lee, Chung-wei, Hu, Di, Lian, Bill Q., Kleffel, Sonja, Yang, Yijun, Neiswender, James, Khorasani, Abraham J., Fang, Rui, Lezcano, Cecilia, Duncan, Lyn M., Scolyer, Richard A., Thompson, John F., Kakavand, Hojabr, Houvras, Yariv, Zon, Leonard I., Mihm, Martin C., Kaiser, Ursula B., Schatton, Tobias, Woda, Bruce A., Murphy, George F., Shi, Yujiang G.·2012·Cell

DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2012.07.033PMC PMC3770275

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Abstract

DNA methylation at the 5 position of cytosine (5-mC) is a key epigenetic mark that is critical for various biological and pathological processes. 5-mC can be converted to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of DNA hydroxylases. Here, we report that "loss of 5-hmC" is an epigenetic hallmark of melanoma, with diagnostic and prognostic implications. Genome-wide mapping of 5-hmC reveals loss of the 5-hmC landscape in the melanoma epigenome. We show that downregulation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) and TET family enzymes is likely one of the mechanisms underlying 5-hmC loss in melanoma. Rebuilding the 5-hmC landscape in melanoma cells by reintroducing active TET2 or IDH2 suppresses melanoma growth and increases tumor-free survival in animal models. Thus, our study reveals a critical function of 5-hmC in melanoma development and directly links the IDH and TET activity-dependent epigenetic pathway to 5-hmC-mediated suppression of melanoma progression, suggesting a new strategy for epigenetic cancer therapy.

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“These data suggest that IDH2, but not IDH1, is specifically downregulated in melanomas and that the WT IDH2 acts as a putative tumor suppressor in the zebrafish melanoma model, although the IDH family of enzymes has been considered candidate oncogenes in various tumors (Ward et al., 2010; Wrzeszczynski et al., 2011).”
Background
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Authors: Lian, C. G., Xu, Y., Ceol, C., Wu, F., Larson, A., Dresser, K., Xu, W., Tan, L., Hu, Y., Zhan, Q., Lee, C.-W., Hu, D., Lian, B. Q., Kleffel, S., Yang, Y., Neiswender, J., Khorasani, A. J., Fang, R., Lezcano, C., Duncan, L. M., Scolyer, R. A., Thompson, J. F., Kakavand, H., Houvras, Y., Zon, L. I., Mihm, M. C., Kaiser, U. B., Schatton, T., Woda, B. A., Murphy, G. F., & Shi, Y. G.
Affiliations: Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Boston Children's Hospital (US)
Fudan University (CN)
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
Ziopharm Oncology (United States) (US)
Harvard University (US)
The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Shi, Yujiang G.
ORCID: Lian, Christine Guo
Ceol, Craig
Wu, Feizhen
Larson, Allison
Dresser, Karen
Xu, Wenqi
Tan, Li
Zhan, Qian
Hu, Di
Yang, Yijun
Neiswender, James
Lezcano, Cecilia
Duncan, Lyn M.
Scolyer, Richard A.
Thompson, John F.
Kakavand, Hojabr
Houvras, Yariv
Zon, Leonard I.
Kaiser, Ursula B.
Schatton, Tobias
Shi, Yujiang G.
Venue: Cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2012-09
Volume: 150
Issue: 6
Pages: 1135-1146
ISSN: 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.07.033
PMC: PMC3770275
OpenAlex: W2029746613
Cited by: 789
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 76 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 86 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 30.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 380 d)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
Fudan University
National Institutes of Health (5P50CA093683-09)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA modifications and cancer
Keywords: 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, melanoma, DNA methylation, TET enzymes, IDH2, TET2, epigenetic cancer therapy, tumor suppressor, prognostic factors, melanoma progression
MeSH terms: Cytosine, DNA-Binding Proteins, Humans, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Melanocytes, Melanoma, Nevus, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Epigenesis, Genetic, 5-Methylcytosine, Dioxygenases, Genome-Wide Association Study

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Loss of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Is an Epigenetic Hallmark of Melanoma

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