Fractalkine-Dependent Microglial Pruning of Viable Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Regulates Myelination

Nemes-Baran, Ashley D.; White, Donovan R.; DeSilva, Tara M.

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108047

Cited by 197Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsMultiple Sclerosis Research Studies

Fractalkine-Dependent Microglial Pruning of Viable Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Regulates Myelination

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Nemes-Baran, Ashley D., White, Donovan R., DeSilva, Tara M.·2020·Cell Reports

DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108047PMC PMC7478853

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Abstract

Oligodendrogenesis occurs during early postnatal development, coincident with neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, raising the possibility that microglia-dependent pruning mechanisms that modulate neurons regulate myelin sheath formation. Here we show a population of ameboid microglia migrating from the ventricular zone into the corpus callosum during early postnatal development, termed "the fountain of microglia," phagocytosing viable oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) before onset of myelination. Fractalkine receptor-deficient mice exhibit a reduction in microglial engulfment of viable OPCs, increased numbers of oligodendrocytes, and reduced myelin thickness but no change in axon number. These data provide evidence that microglia phagocytose OPCs as a homeostatic mechanism for proper myelination. A hallmark of hypomyelinating developmental disorders such as periventricular leukomalacia and of adult demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis is increased numbers of oligodendrocytes but failure to myelinate, suggesting that microglial pruning of OPCs may be impaired in pathological states and hinder myelination.

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Microglial phagocytosis of OPCs and oligodendrocytes during early postnatal development in white matter limits the number of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths formed.
“In fact, microglial phagocytosis of OPCs and oligodendrocytes during early postnatal development in white matter limits the number of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths formed (Nemes‐Baran et al. 2020).”
From Depletion of Microglia Increases Cortical Oligodendrocyte Density During Remyelination (2026) · cites this paper as Nemes‐Baran et al. 2020
The Results and Discussion (page not available) show that microglia engulf OPCs in the early postnatal corpus callosum and that reduced engulfment increases the number of mature oligodendrocytes. The claim overextends this to phagocytosis of oligodendrocytes as a separate population and to limiting the number of myelin sheaths formed: the paper reports no change in the number of myelinated axons when engulfment is reduced, but thinner myelin. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Fractalkine-dependent microglial pruning of OPCs is indispensable for proper myelination.
“Besides, fractalkine-dependent microglial pruning of OPCs is indispensable for proper myelination.”
From Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets (2023) · cites this paper as [119]

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Authors: Nemes-Baran, A. D., White, D. R., & DeSilva, T. M.
Affiliations: Cleveland Clinic (US)
Corresponding author: DeSilva, Tara M.
ORCID: White, Donovan R.
DeSilva, Tara M.
Venue: Cell Reports
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-08
Volume: 32
Issue: 7
Pages: 108047
ISSN: 2211-1247 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108047
PMC: PMC7478853
OpenAlex: W3070828650
Cited by: 196
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 31 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 2
FWCI: 9.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: National Science Foundation
National Institutes of Health
National Multiple Sclerosis Society
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Keywords: fractalkine, microglia, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, myelination, oligodendrogenesis, microglial phagocytosis, ameboid microglia, corpus callosum, postnatal development, periventricular leukomalacia, multiple sclerosis, demyelination, myelin thickness
MeSH terms: Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Male, Myelin Sheath, Stem Cells, Microglia, Mice

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Fractalkine-Dependent Microglial Pruning of Viable Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Regulates Myelination

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