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Assessing appendicular skeletal muscle mass with bioelectrical impedance analysis in free-living Caucasian older adults
Abstract
Background & aims Aging is characterized by a loss of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) leading to physical disability and death. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is reliable in estimating ASMM but no prediction equations are available for elderly Caucasian subjects. The aim of the study was to develop and validate an equation derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to predict appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) in healthy Caucasian elderly subjects, taking dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference method, and comparing the reliability of the new equation with another BIA-based model developed by Kyle et al. (Kyle UG, Genton L, Hans D, Pichard C, 2003).Methods With a cross-sectional design, 296 free-living, healthy Caucasian subjects (117 men, 179 women) over 60 years of age were enrolled. Lean mass of limbs was measured with DXA to ascertain ASMM (ASMMDxA). Whole-body tetrapolar BIA was performed to measure resistance (Rz), resistance normalized for stature (RI), and reactance (Xc). The BIA multiple regression equation for predicting ASMM was developed using a double cross-validation technique. The predicted ASMM values were compared with ASMMKyle, i.e. ASMM estimates derived from the model developed by Kyle et al. (Kyle et al., 2003).Results Cross-validation resulted in a unique equation using the whole sample: ASMM (kg) = -3.964 + (0.227*RI) + (0.095*weight) + (1.384*sex) + (0.064*Xc) [R(2) = 0.92 and SEE = 1.14 kg]. In our sample, ASMMKyle differed significantly from the ASMMDxA (p < 0.0001), with a mean error of -0.97 ± 1.34 kg (5.1 ± 6.9%). Unlike the present BIA prediction equation, the Kyle et al. model showed a correlation between the bias and the mean of ASMMDxA and ASMMKyle (r = -0.406, p < 0.001).Conclusion The new BIA equation provides a valid estimate of ASMM in older Caucasian adults.
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“No generalizable formulas exist that are derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for predicting appendicular lean mass (ALM) and fat mass (AFM) in sarcopenic older adults.”
From Predicting appendicular lean and fat mass with bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults with physical function decline – The PROVIDE study (2017) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Only 5% had an SPPB-score 8 in the former compared to 62% in our study.”
From Predicting appendicular lean and fat mass with bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults with physical function decline – The PROVIDE study (2017) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“The functionality of the subjects in Sergi's sample was substantially higher compared to the physical performance in our sample.”
From Predicting appendicular lean and fat mass with bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults with physical function decline – The PROVIDE study (2017) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“The existing models of Kyle et al. [12] and of Sergi et al. [13] overestimated significantly lean-DXA outcome.”
From Predicting appendicular lean and fat mass with bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults with physical function decline – The PROVIDE study (2017) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“The proposed ALM equations seem to be more reliable when applied to sarcopenic older adults than the ones previously published in the literature [12,13], which were developed in adults without physical function decline.”
From Predicting appendicular lean and fat mass with bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults with physical function decline – The PROVIDE study (2017) · cites this paper as [13]
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“The appendicular skeletal muscle mass should be denoted as ASMM, although this abbreviation appears rarely and ASM is preferred [47, 48].”
BackgroundDeterminant factors of sarcopenia in individuals with Parkinson’s disease
da Luz, M. C. L., Bezerra, G. K. D. A., Asano, A. G., de Lemos, M. D. C. C., & Cabral, P. C. (2020) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04601-4 · Cited by 23
“Muscle mass was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (Biodynamics model 310) to estimate appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) using the Sergi equation [12] adjusted for the body surface of the patient to obtain the ASMM index [2].”
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“[16], is taken into account in the latest EWGSOP2 recommendations [3].”
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Diagnostisches und therapeutisches Vorgehen bei Sarkopenie
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Unterberger, S., Aschauer, R., Zöhrer, P. A., Draxler, A., Franzke, B., Strasser, E.-M., Wagner, K., & Wessner, B. (2022) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.017 · Cited by 20
Sagayama, H., Kondo, E., Tanabe, Y., Uchizawa, A., Evans, W. J., Shankaran, M., Nyangau, E., Hellerstein, M. K., Shiose, K., Yoshida, T., et al. (2023) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.07.010 · Cited by 23
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“The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was calculated with the Sergi equation for EWGSOP 2 criteria [36].”
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Marini, E., Sulis, S., Vorobeľová, L., & Stagi, S. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2024.01.024 · Cited by 19
Iorio, A. D., Paganelli, R., Abate, M., Barassi, G., Ireland, A., Macchi, C., Molino-Lova, R., & Cecchi, F. (2020) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-020-00302-0 · Cited by 20
“Muscle mass was calculated using the Sergi equation [20].”
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Gómez, J. J. L., Gutiérrez-Lora, C., Izaola-Jáuregui, O., Primo, D., Hoyos, E. G., Jiménez-Sahagún, R., & de Luis, D. A. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14224802 · Cited by 19
Delaire, L., Courtay, A., Humblot, J., Aubertin‐Leheudre, M., Mourey, F., Racine, A. N., Gilbert, T., Niasse‐Sy, Z., & Bonnefoy, M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15194100 · Cited by 32
Skeletal Muscle Aging Atrophy: Assessment and Exercise-Based Treatment
Marzuca-Nassr, G. N., SanMartín-Calísto, Y., Guerra-Vega, P., Artigas-Arias, M., Alegría, A., & Curi, R. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_6 · Cited by 20
dos Reis, A. S., Limirio, L. S., Santos, H. O., & de Oliveira, E. P. (2020) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2020.110929 · Cited by 19
Welch, C., Greig, C. A., Masud, T., Pinkney, T. D., & Jackson, T. (2020) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01626-4 · Cited by 19
Bellafronte, N. T., Vega‐Piris, L., Barril, G., & Chiarello, P. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.683393 · Cited by 19
“AFFMSergi (8) equation was recommended by the revised European consensus on sarcopenia (4) as a way to standardize BIA estimation since its assessments vary widely depending on the device applied (34).”
MethodWang, P.-C., Yeh, W.-C., Tsai, Y.-W., & Chen, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1038491 · Cited by 18
Temporal Muscle Thickness Correlates with Sarcopenia in Parkinson’s Disease
Peball, M., Valent, D., Grossauer, A., Marini, K., Ellmerer, P., Wallnöfer, J., Krismer, F., Djamshidian, A., Seppi, K., & Heim, B. (2023) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-225108 · Cited by 18
Ruiz-Cárdenas, J. D., Montemurro, A., Martínez-García, M. D. M., & Rodríguez-Juan, J. J. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/47873 · Cited by 18
“In order to overcome this limitation, a cross-validated equation in a sample with similar characteristics was used as previously recommended [1,34].”
MethodTaani, M. H., Strath, S. J., Cho, C. C., Ellis, J., & Oh, H. (2022) · Research in Gerontological Nursing · doi:10.3928/19404921-20220408-01 · Cited by 18
Late-onset neuromuscular disorders in the differential diagnosis of sarcopenia
Hofmeister, F., Baber, L., Ferrari, U., Hintze, S., Jarmusch, S., Krause, S., Meinke, P., Mehaffey, S., Neuerburg, C., Tangenelli, F., et al. (2021) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-021-02264-y · Cited by 17
Meigh, N. J., Keogh, J., Schram, B. L., Hing, W. A., & Rathbone, E. N. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-02958-z · Cited by 22
“[68] was used to calculate ASM from BIA data.”
MethodReiter, R., Iglseder, B., Treschnitzer, W., Alzner, R., Mayr-Pirker, B., Kreutzer, M. L., Pirich, C., Kässmann, H., Dovjak, P., & Reiss, J. (2018) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2018.10.010 · Cited by 17
Impact of wearable-assisted walking on sarcopenia and body composition in older adults
Wu, C.-E. R., & Manga, Y. B. (2025) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-025-06142-x · Cited by 17
“These changes align with prior studies reporting 5–15% improvements in ASMI following structured physical activity programs [37, 41].”
Sarcopenia Identification during Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment
Pachołek, K., & Sobieszczańska, M. I. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19010032 · Cited by 17
“In recent years, much attention was paid to a bioimpedance analysis (BIA), which offers non-invasive and quick estimation of muscle quantity pronounced as appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) adjusted for height (ASM/h2) [8]; furthermore, this method also measures other body composition parameters, such as lean bod…”
Montemurro, A., Ruiz-Cárdenas, J. D., Martínez-García, M. D. M., et al. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22166010 · Cited by 16
“[22] as recommended by the EWGSOP2 [2].”
Duarte², M. P., Pereira, M. S., Baião, V. M., Vieira, F. A., Silva, M. Z. C., Krug, R. D. R., Inda-Filho, A. J., Ferreira, A. P., Lima, R. M., Avesani, C. M., et al. (2023) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-023-03168-4 · Cited by 16
Connolly, K., Cunningham, C. J., Murphy, N., Romero‐Ortuño, R., & Horgan, F. (2021) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-021-00463-x · Cited by 17
“Muscle mass was assessed using Appendicular Skeletal Mass (ASM) adjusted for height using raw data from BIA (Bodystat Quadscan 4000 Touch) and validated predictive equations [17, 18].”
MethodGrigoletto, A., Mauro, M., Oppio, A., Greco, G., Fischetti, F., Cataldi, S., & Toselli, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19127433 · Cited by 16
Rennie, K., Witham, M. D., Bradley, P., Clegg, A. P., Connolly, S., Hancock, H. C., Hiu, S. K. W., Marsay, L., McDonald, C., Robertson, L., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061823 · Cited by 16
Taani, M. H., Apchemengich, I., & Sima, C. (2021) · Geriatrics · doi:10.3390/geriatrics7010009 · Cited by 15
Musculoskeletal Diseases Role in the Frailty Syndrome: A Case–Control Study
Cattaneo, F., Buondonno, I., Cravero, D., Sassi, F., & D’Amelio, P. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191911897 · Cited by 15
“The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) was measured by the BIA analyses thanks to the use of the equation developed by Sergi and colleagues [29].”
MethodDeveloping a UK sarcopenia registry: recruitment and baseline characteristics of the SarcNet pilot
Witham, M. D., Heslop, P., Dodds, R. M., Clegg, A. P., Hope, S. V., McDonald, C., Smithard, D. G., Storey, B., Tan, A. L., Thornhill, A., et al. (2021) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afab084 · Cited by 15
“The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was conducted, comprising tandem and semi-tandem balance, five times sit to stand and gait speed measured over a 4-m course [18].”
MethodRecruitment strategies for sarcopenia trials: lessons from the LACE randomized controlled trial
Witham, M. D., Achison, M., Aspray, T., Avenell, A., Band, M. M., Donnan, P. T., George, J., Hapca, A., Hume, C., Kemp, P. R., et al. (2021) · JCSM Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/rco2.38 · Cited by 15
Flores-Cisneros, L. A., Cetina, L., Galicia-Carmona, T., Jiménez-Lima, R., González‐Islas, D., Parra-Solano, A., Maricarmen, G.-G., & Castillo‐Martínez, L. (2022) · Nutrition and Cancer · doi:10.1080/01635581.2021.2012209 · Cited by 15
Montemurro, A., Ruiz-Cárdenas, J. D., Martínez-García, M. D. M., et al. (2023) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2023.104964 · Cited by 15
Barbosa‐Silva, T. G., Gonzalez, M. C., Bielemann, R. M., Santos, L. P., Menezes, A. M. B., & the COCONUT Study Group, B. (2020) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpen.1742 · Cited by 14
Schimpfle, L., Tsilingiris, D., Mooshage, C. M., Κender, Ζ., Sulaj, A., von Rauchhaupt, E., Szendroedi, J., Herzig, S., Goepfert, J. C., Groener, J. B., et al. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad737 · Cited by 12
Orioli, L., Samaras, S., Sawadogo, K. A., de Barsy, M., Lause, P., Deswysen, Y., Navez, B., Thissen, J., & Loumaye, A. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2024.05.046 · Cited by 15
Gómez, J. J. L., Primo, D., Cebriá, Á., Izaola-Jáuregui, O., Godoy, E. J., Pérez-López, P., Sahagún, R. J., Bachiller, B. R., González-Gutiérrez, J., & de Luis, D. A. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16183136 · Cited by 15
“The Appendicular Skeletal Mass Index (ASMI, kg/m 2 ) was determined using electrical impedanciometry and calculated with Sergi’s formula [28].”
MethodHerda, A. A., & Cleary, C. J. (2021) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-021-02000-z · Cited by 14
Witham, M. D., Heslop, P., Dodds, R. M., Clegg, A. P., Hope, S. V., McDonald, C., Smithard, D. G., Storey, B., Tan, A. L., Thornhill, A., et al. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03077-5 · Cited by 14
“Resistance and reactance were recorded and the Sergi equation [18] was used to derive appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by height squared).”
MethodDuggan, E., Knight, S. P., & Romero‐Ortuño, R. (2023) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-023-00775-0 · Cited by 14
“Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was calculated using the Sergi equation [19].”
MethodDeer, R., Akhverdiyeva, L., Kuo, Y., & Volpi, E. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.10.005 · Cited by 13
Draxler, A., Franzke, B., Kelecevic, S., Maier, A., Pantic, J. M., Srienc, S., Cellnigg, K., Solomon, S.-M., Zötsch, C., Aschauer, R., et al. (2023) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2023.102640 · Cited by 13
Sales, W. B., Macêdo, S. G. G. F., Gonçalves, R. S. D. S. A., de Andrade, L. E. L., Ramalho, C. S. T., Souza, G. F., & Maciel, Á. C. C. (2024) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.02.015 · Cited by 13
Post, A., Groothof, D., Kremer, D., Knobbe, T. J., Abma, W., Koops, C. A., Tsikas, D., Wallimann, T., Dullaart, R. P. F., Franssen, C. F. M., et al. (2024) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-024-03401-w · Cited by 13
“In this sensitivity analysis, muscle mass was estimated via bioelectrical impedance analysis according to the equations developed by Sergi et al. (Sergi et al. 2015), Kyle et al. (Kyle et al. 2004) and Janssen et al. (Janssen et al. 2000).”
MethodBMI, functional and cognitive status in a cohort of nonagenarians: results from the Mugello study
Dinu, M., Colombini, B., Pagliai, G., et al. (2020) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-020-00417-9 · Cited by 13
Toselli, S., Campa, F., Matias, C. N., de Alencar Silva, B. S., dos Santos, V. R., Maietta Latessa, P., & Gobbo, L. A. (2021) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2021.111393 · Cited by 12
Two-megahertz impedance index prediction equation for appendicular lean mass in Korean older people
Kim, H., Song, K.-H., Ambegaonkar, J. P., Chung, S., Jeon, K., Jiang, F. L., Eom, J. J., & Kim, C.-H. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-02997-6 · Cited by 12
“Its values were further comparable to results from the equations [16, 20] developed through largescale studies by Peniche and Kyle which had predictive powers of R2 = 0.”
ResultTang, X., Li, H., Yue, J., et al. (2022) · Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.21037/qims-21-685 · Cited by 12
“BIA is usually based on DXA and other methods as a reference standard for modeling electrical impedance data and estimating muscle mass (6,7).”
MethodSchluessel, S., Zhang, W., Nowotny, H. F., Bidlingmaier, M., Hintze, S., Kunz, S. L., Martini, S., Mehaffey, S., Meinke, P., Neuerburg, C., et al. (2023) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-023-02574-w · Cited by 12
“Appendicular lean mass (aLM) was estimated using the equation developed by Sergi et al. [19].”
MethodUse of Muscle Ultrasonography in Morphofunctional Assessment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Gómez, J. J. L., Izaola-Jáuregui, O., Almansa-Ruiz, L., et al. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16071021 · Cited by 12
Virto, N., Río, X., Zorrilla, A. M., & García-Zapirain, B. (2024) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-024-05243-3 · Cited by 17
“Additionally, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive, quick, and accessible technique that uses whole-body electrical conductivity to estimate body composition [59].”
Diagnostic accuracy of isometric knee extension strength as a sarcopenia criteria in older women
Pérez‐Ros, P., Barrachina-Igual, J., Pablos, A., Fonfría-Vivas, R., Cauli, O., & Martínez‐Arnau, F. M. (2024) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-024-05569-y · Cited by 12
Influência da obesidade nos critérios de classificação de sarcopenia em idosos
Pillatt, A. P., Berlezi, E. M., de Jesus, L. B., Schneider, R. H., & Franz, L. B. B. (2020) · Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia · doi:10.1590/1981-22562020023.200083 · Cited by 13
Taani, M., Strath, S., Schiffman, R., Fendrich, M., Harley, A., Chi, C. C., Yamada, Y., & Kovach, C. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02691-z · Cited by 12
“However, BIS is inexpensive, noninvasive, and well-correlated with MRI and DXA predictions among older adults [35].”
BackgroundMethodDifferent assessment tools to detect sarcopenia in patients with Parkinson's disease
Valent, D., Peball, M., Krismer, F., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.1014102 · Cited by 12
Maccarone, M. C., Coraci, D., Bernini, A., Sarandria, N., Valente, M. R., Frigo, A. C., Dionyssiotis, Y., & Masiero, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1194676 · Cited by 15
“where height is in cm, R is the resistance in Ohms, RI the resistance normalized for the height, the sex is 0 for biological females and 1 for biological males, age is in years and the Xc is the reactance measured in Ohms (19, 20).”
BackgroundSteihaug, O. M., Bogen, B. E., Kristoffersen, M. H., & Ranhoff, A. H. (2017) · Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance · doi:10.5617/jeb.4104 · Cited by 13
“The clinical relevance is illustrated by the mean difference and limit of agreement of appendicular lean mass determined by BIA on the fractured and the unfractured side, using the equation of Sergi et al (17).”
MethodThiel, A., Sudeck, G., Niess, A. M., Eschweiler, G. W., Altmeier, D., Haigis, D., Pomiersky, R., Schmid, J., & Frahsa, A. (2021) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100828 · Cited by 12
Orea‐Tejeda, A., Robles-Hernández, R. E., González‐Islas, D., Gallardo, L. J., Gochicoa‐Rangel, L., Castorena-Maldonado, A. R., Hernández-Zenteno, R. D. J., Montañez-Orozco, Á., & Valderrábano-Salas, B. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12206466 · Cited by 12
“Additionally, appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was evaluated using Sergi’s equation [31]: ASM (kg/m 2 ) = [ − 3.964 + (0.227 × (Height2 (cm)/Resistance) + (0.095 × Weight) + (1.384 × Sex) + (0.064 × Reactance)/Height (m 2 )].”
InfluentialJoaquín, C., Lesmes, I. B., Bretón, M. J. O., Burgos, R., Bellido, D., Matía‐Martín, P., Olmos, M. Á. M., Zugasti, A., Fernández, M. R., Romero, F. B., et al. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16060886 · Cited by 11
“Most formulas have been developed for general or specific populations but not for COVID-19 disease [15–18].”
BackgroundDynapenia and Sarcopenia as Risk Factors for Mortality in Interstitial Lung Disease
Ibarra‐Fernández, A. A., Robles-Hernández, R. E., Orea‐Tejeda, A., González‐Islas, D., Jiménez‐Valentín, A., Sánchez‐Santillán, R., Arcos‐Pacheco, L. P., Gutiérrez‐Luna, E., Zurita‐Sandoval, A., Espinosa, T. P., et al. (2025) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/resp.14892 · Cited by 12
Guerrini, A., Rovere, L. D., Fernández‐Jiménez, R., Añón, C. H., Cobos, C. H., García‐Olivares, M., Fernández, J. A., Sánchez, F. H., Jiménez, V. M., Aguilar, I. V., et al. (2025) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.025 · Cited by 13
Coëffier, M., Gâté, M., Rimbert, A., Petit, A., Folope, V., Grigioni, S., Déchelotte, P., & Achamrah, N. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9113664 · Cited by 11
Welch, C., Majid, Z., Andrews, I., Hassan-Smith, Z. K., Kamwa, V., Picton, H., Wilson, D. V., & Jackson, T. (2021) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-020-00227-3 · Cited by 11
Home‐based physical activity after treatment for esophageal cancer—A randomized controlled trial
Anandavadivelan, P., Mälberg, K., Vikström, K., Nielsen, S., Holdar, U., Johar, A. M., & Lagergren, P. (2022) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.5131 · Cited by 12
Phase angle, muscle mass, and functionality in patients with Parkinson’s disease
do Nascimento, T. G., Silva, R. P. P., da Luz, M. C. L., et al. (2022) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-022-05975-3 · Cited by 11
“(2015) [17], adjusted for the patient’s body surface to obtain the skeletal appendicular muscle mass index (SAMMI) [17].”
MethodInfluentialResearch progress on evaluation methods for skeletal muscle mass assessment in sarcopenia (Review)
Wu, W., Liu, M., Zeng, Q., Tang, C., & Huo, J. (2025) · Oncology Letters · doi:10.3892/ol.2025.15169 · Cited by 11
“However, variability in BIA devices and methodologies can affect the accuracy and reliability of measurements, highlighting the need for standardization in sarcopenia diagnosis (65,66).”
Haigis, D., Matting, L., Wagner, S., Sudeck, G., Frahsa, A., Thiel, A., Eschweiler, G. W., & Niess, A. M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113791 · Cited by 10
Olshvang, D., Harris, C., Chellappa, R., & Santhanam, P. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0309830 · Cited by 10
Khow, K. S. F., Dollard, J., Bray, K., Smyth, C. R., Chehade, M. J., Theou, O., & Visvanathan, R. (2018) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-018-0366-5 · Cited by 10
Prognostic role of sarcopenia in heart failure patients
Armentaro, G., Vitale, C., Cassano, V., et al. (2025) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-025-02949-5 · Cited by 10
“…by appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASMM) calculated using DXA or BIA and based on predictive equations provided by the manufacturer: ASMM (kg) = -3.964 + (0.227* resistance normalized for stature (RI)) + (0.095*weight) + (1.384*sex) + (0.064* reactance (Xc)) [R2 = 0.92 and SEE = 1.14 kg] [24].”
InfluentialGait-Based AI Models for Detecting Sarcopenia and Cognitive Decline Using Sensor Fusion
Aznar-Gimeno, R., Pérez-Lasierra, J. L., Pérez-Lázaro, P., López-Bosque, I., Azpíroz-Puente, M., Salvo-Ibáñez, P., Morita-Hernandez, M., Hernández-Ruiz, A. C., Gómez-Bernal, A., Rodrigálvarez-Chamarro, M. D. L. V., et al. (2024) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics14242886 · Cited by 11
Gülçiçek, S., & Seyahi, N. (2023) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.939457 · Cited by 9
Prevalence of sarcopenia in patients older than 75 years admitted for hip fracture
Cervera-Díaz, M. D. C., Gómez, J. J. L., García-Virto, V., Hernández, H. J., & de Luis, D. A. (2023) · Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.endien.2023.06.001 · Cited by 9
Ruiz-Cárdenas, J. D., Montemurro, A., Martínez-García, M. D. M., & Rodríguez-Juan, J. J. (2023) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-023-02451-6 · Cited by 9
The influence of immobility on muscle loss in older people with frailty and fragility fractures
Lunt, E., Gordon, A. L., Greenhaff, P. L., & Gladman, J. R. F. (2024) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-024-01177-1 · Cited by 12
Lampignano, L., Bortone, I., Castellana, F., Donghia, R., Guerra, V., Zupo, R., Pergola, G. D., Masi, M. D., Giannelli, G., Lozupone, M., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182412979 · Cited by 10
“Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) was derived from the BIA measurement applying the equation by Sergi and colleagues [18] divided for height2 (m2), using cutoff points of <7 kg/m2 for men and 5.”
MethodCáñez-Ríos, M., Esparza‐Romero, J., González-Arellanes, R., Ramírez-Torres, M., Figueroa-Pesqueira, G., Urquídez-Romero, R., Peniche, D. B. R., & Alemán-Mateo, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.951346 · Cited by 9
“Currently, it is noticeable that most studies aim to generate new precise models to estimate body composition components or compartments based on the assumption (8, 10) and their own results (9, 11, 12, 14, 16) that the existing models are not valid in certain populations.”
BackgroundMethodPrevalence of Sarcopenia in Chronic Heart Failure and Modulating Role of Chronic Kidney Disease
Formiga, F., Moreno‐González, R., Corsonello, A., et al. (2024) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000536465 · Cited by 8
“Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was estimated using the Sergi et al. [19] equation.”
MethodWitham, M. D., Clarke, C., Hutcheon, A., Gingles, C., Gandy, S. J., Priba, L., Nicholas, R. S., Cavin, I., Sumukadas, D., Struthers, A. D., et al. (2020) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afaa061 · Cited by 8
“Secondary outcomes were the 6-min walk distance [16], SPPB [17], lean body mass derived from bioimpedance using the Sergi equation [18], endothelial function [19] and health-related quality of life measured using the EQ5D tool [20].”
MethodGripBMI – A fast and simple sarcopenia screening tool in post acute inpatient rehabilitation
Churilov, I., Churilov, L. P., Brock, K. A., et al. (2020) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.06.034 · Cited by 8
The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with rheumatological pathology
Lavrishcheva, Y. V., Jakovenko, A. A., & Rumyantsev, A. S. (2021) · Terapevticheskii arkhiv · doi:10.26442/00403660.2021.05.200788 · Cited by 8
“Для расчета массы АСМ (кг) использована формула [14]: АСМ=-2,798+(0,197×RI)+(0,106×масса, кг)+ +(1,824×пол)+(0,054×Xc), где пол (мужчины=1; женщины=0); RI – резистивный индекс (см2/Ом); Xc – реактивное сопротивление, Ом.”
Die Körperzusammensetzung von Hobbygamern im Vergleich zu deutschlandweit erhobenen Referenzdaten
Schmidt, S., Kowal, F., & Wöll, A. (2018) · German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research · doi:10.1007/s12662-018-0529-9 · Cited by 8
Kołodziej, M., Ignasiak, Z., & Ignasiak, T. (2021) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s287373 · Cited by 8
Association Between Dietary Intake and Serum Uric Acid Levels in Kidney Transplant Patients
Limirio, L. S., Santos, H. O., dos Reis, A. S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Renal Nutrition · doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2020.11.009 · Cited by 8
Sarcopenia, low muscle strength, cognitive functions, and quality of life in parkinsonian syndromes
Barichella, M., Cereda, E., Ferri, V., Bolliri, C., Cereda, V., Colombo, A., Ranghetti, A., Giuffrida, M. F., Alessi, G., Genovesi, A., et al. (2024) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2024.112568 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Sergi, G., De Rui, M., Veronese, N., Bolzetta, F., Berton, L., Carraro, S., Bano, G., Coin, A., Manzato, E., & Perissinotto, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Padua (IT)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-08
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 667-673
- ISSN
- 0261-5614 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2149295929
- Cited by
- 467
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 66 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 4.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- appendicular skeletal muscle mass, bioelectrical impedance analysis, prediction equations, older adults, aging, muscle mass assessment, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Caucasian population
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Composition, Body Weight, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Linear Models, Electric Impedance, Muscle, Skeletal, White People
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