Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients
Open accessAbstract
Objectives This study aimed to assess the immediate stress and psychological impact experienced by quarantined patients undergoing hemodialysis and university hospital workers who treated patients Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) during its outbreak.Design The group of subjects consisted of 1800 hospital practitioners and 73 quarantined patients undergoing hemodialysis. The Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) was administered to the practitioners twice, once during the hospital shutdown and again one month after the shutdown. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were administered to patients undergoing hemodialysis.Results During the initial stages of the MERS outbreak, healthcare workers who performed MERS-related tasks scored significantly higher on the total IES-R and its subscales. In the second assessment of the high-risk group, the sleep and numbness subscale scores from the IES-R differed depending on the implementation of home quarantine, and the intrusion subscale scores differed depending on the performance of MERS-related tasks.Conclusion Medical staff that performed MERS-related tasks showed the highest risk for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms even after time had elapsed. The risk increased even after home quarantine. Prompt and continuous psychiatric intervention is needed in high mortality infectious disease outbreaks.
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Medical staff working during the MERS epidemic were at greater risk of developing PTSD symptoms even after time passed.
“The results of a study on some medical staff working at the time of the Middle-east Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) epidemic showed they were at greater risk of developing Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptomsevenaftertimepassed(9)”
From Definitions and psychological impacts of quarantine and strategies to reduce it: A review paper (2020) · cites this paper as [9]
During the SARS, Ebola and MERS epidemics, higher levels of psychopathology were reported, especially in anxiety and stress-related disorders.
“During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic in early 2000, to Ebola and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), in which quarantine was one of the essential public health measures to break the transmission, higher levels of psychopathology were also reported, especially in anxiety and stress-related disorders [65,66,67].”
The results are at the lower end of outcomes previously reported among healthcare workers during and after MERS and SARS epidemics.
“Our results are also at the lower end of the outcomes previously reported among HCWs during and after the MERS and SARS epidemics”
From Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2020) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2018
Having experienced epidemics or natural disasters increases long-term levels of depression in populations.
“Having experienced epidemics or natural disasters increases long-term levels of depression in populations (Mak et al., 2009; Lee et al., 2018; Morganstein and Ursano, 2020) and may also increase their future suicide rates (Cheung et al., 2008).”
From Fear of COVID-19, Stress, and Anxiety in University Undergraduate Students: A Predictive Model for Depression (2020) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2018
Managers play an essential role in reducing social isolation among healthcare workers.
“Likewise, managers are essential to mitigate feelings of social isolation (Lee et al., 2018; Maunder et al., 2004)”
From Impact of viral epidemic outbreaks on mental health of healthcare workers: a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis (2020) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2018
Past infectious disease outbreaks (SARS, MERS, and the 2009 novel influenza A (H1N1)) were associated with mental health issues, mostly post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), among healthcare workers (HCWs).
“A body of evidence highlights that past infectious disease outbreaks, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the 2009 novel influenza A (H1N1), were associated with mental health issues among HCWs [5,6], mostly post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).”
From Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Healthcare Workers Dealing with the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review (2021) · cites this paper as [6]
Those who performed MERS-related tasks had the greatest risk for PTSD symptoms one month later, and this risk was increased even after home quarantine.
“They also had the greatest risk for PTSD symptoms one-month later, and interestingly, this risk was increased even after home quarantine.”
From The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2018
Home quarantined HCWs had poorer sleep and a heightened degree of numbness than those who were not quarantined.
“Home quarantined HCWs had poorer sleep and a heightened degree of numbness than those who were not quarantined.”
From The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2018
In a study of 1,800 HCWs during MERS, those who performed MERS-related tasks reported greater distress and more intrusive phenomena.
“Those who performed MERS-related tasks reported greater distress and more intrusive phenomena.”
From The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2018
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- Authors
- Lee, S. M., Kang, W. S., Cho, A.-R., Kim, T., & Park, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Konyang University (KR)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Tae
- Park, Jin Kyung
- Venue
- Comprehensive Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-11
- Volume
- 87
- Pages
- 123-127
- ISSN
- 0010-440X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7094631
- OpenAlex
- W2895927868
- Cited by
- 1,112
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 121 · 2022: 258 · 2021: 354 · 2020: 298 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 191.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Comprehensive Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Keywords
- MERS, MERS outbreak, psychological impact, post-traumatic stress disorder, healthcare workers, hemodialysis patients, quarantine, anxiety, depression, psychiatric intervention, infectious disease outbreaks
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Disease Outbreaks, Female, Renal Dialysis, Hospitals, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases, Personnel, Hospital, Quarantine, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological, Coronavirus Infections, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
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