Digital phenotyping in psychological and medical sciences: a reflection about necessary prerequisites to reduce harm and increase benefits
Abstract
Digital phenotyping represents a new powerful tool to implement psychodiagnostics in many areas of psychology and medicine. The basic idea behind digital phenotyping is that digital footprints of a person left on social media, smartphones, or other sources of the Internet of Things can be used to get fine grained insights into psychological trait and state variables. Although digital phenotyping has tremendous potential to shed new light on human nature, it naturally comes with risks in the domains of privacy. Therefore, the present article reflects on necessary prerequisites on societal, scientific, and individual level to reduce harm and increase benefits of digital phenotyping.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The public attitude and acceptance of digital health care systems remains a major barrier.
“On a more general note, the public attitude and acceptance of digital health care systems remains a major barrier (53, 92–94).”
Cites
(2011) · Cited by 4,430 · see citing works
Big other: Surveillance Capitalism and the Prospects of an Information Civilization
Zuboff, S. (2015) · Journal of Information Technology · doi:10.1057/jit.2015.5 · Cited by 2,978 · see citing works
Private traits and attributes are predictable from digital records of human behavior
Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D., & Graepel, T. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1218772110 · Cited by 2,829 · see citing works
(2019) · Cited by 2,637 · see citing works
Cuthbert, B. N. (2014) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20087 · Cited by 1,377 · see citing works
Digital Phenotyping: Technology for a New Science of Behavior
Insel, T. R. (2017) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11295 · Cited by 833 · see citing works
The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power
Giles, P. A. (2019) · Journal of Cultural Economy · doi:10.1080/17530350.2019.1639068 · Cited by 815 · see citing works
Saeb, S., Zhang, M., Karr, C. J., Schueller, S. M., Corden, M. E., Kording, K. P., & Mohr, D. C. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4273 · Cited by 782 · see citing works
Facebook language predicts depression in medical records
Eichstaedt, J. C., Smith, R. J., Merchant, R. M., Ungar, L. H., Crutchley, P., Preoţiuc-Pietro, D., Asch, D. A., & Schwartz, H. A. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1802331115 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
The Smartphone Psychology Manifesto
Miller, G. F. (2012) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691612441215 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Predicting the Big 5 personality traits from digital footprints on social media: A meta-analysis
Azucar, D., Marengo, D., & Settanni, M. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.12.018 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Harari, G. M., Lane, N. D., Wang, R., Crosier, B. S., Campbell, A. T., & Gosling, S. D. (2016) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691616650285 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
Smartphone usage in the 21st century: who is active on WhatsApp?
Montag, C., Błaszkiewicz, K., Sariyska, R., Lachmann, B., Andone, I., Trendafilov, B., Eibes, M., & Markowetz, A. (2015) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1280-z · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Self-citationLin, Y.-H., Lin, Y.-C., Lee, Y.-H., Lin, P.-H., Lin, S.-H., Chang, L.-R., Tseng, H.-W., Yen, L.-Y., Yang, C. C. H., & Kuo, T. B. J. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.04.003 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Smartphones: An emerging tool for social scientists
Raento, M., Oulasvirta, A., & Eagle, N. (2009) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124108330005 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Torous, J. B., Onnela, J., & Keshavan, M. S. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.25 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Rozgonjuk, D., Levine, J. C., Hall, B. J., & Elhai, J. D. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.05.019 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Ebert, D. D., Berking, M., Cuijpers, P., Lehr, D., Pörtner, M., & Baumeister, H. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.056 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Depression and emotion regulation predict objective smartphone use measured over one week
Elhai, J. D., Tiamiyu, M. F., Weeks, J. W., Levine, J. C., Picard, K. J., & Hall, B. J. (2018) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.051 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Use of Global Positioning Systems to Study Physical Activity and the Environment
Krenn, P. J., Titze, S., Oja, P., Jones, A., & Ogilvie, D. (2011) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.06.046 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Lindhiem, O., Bennett, C. B., Rosen, D., & Silk, J. (2015) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445515595198 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Psycho-Informatics: Big Data shaping modern psychometrics
Markowetz, A., Błaszkiewicz, K., Montag, C., Switala, C., & Schlaepfer, T. E. (2014) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2013.11.030 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Montag, C., & Diefenbach, S. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10020415 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Scholz, R. W., Bartelsman, E. J., Diefenbach, S., Franke, L., Grünwald, A., Helbing, D., Hill, R. C., Hilty, L. M., Höjer, M., Klauser, S., et al. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10062001 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Personality Traits Predict Smartphone Usage
Stachl, C., Hilbert, S., Au, J., Buschek, D., Luca, A. D., Bischl, B., Hußmann, H., & Bühner, M. (2017) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2113 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Determining typical smartphone usage: What data do we need?
Wilcockson, T. D. W., Ellis, D. A., & Shaw, H. (2018) · Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2017.0652 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Baumeister, H., Nowoczin, L., Lin, J., Seifferth, H., Seufert, J., Laubner, K., & Ebert, D. D. (2014) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.031 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Montag, C., Błaszkiewicz, K., Lachmann, B., Sariyska, R., Andone, I., Trendafilov, B., & Markowetz, A. (2015) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs5040434 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
A new agenda for personality psychology in the digital age?
Montag, C., & Elhai, J. D. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.03.045 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Mobile Phone Detection of Semantic Location and Its Relationship to Depression and Anxiety
Saeb, S., Lattie, E. G., Kording, K. P., & Mohr, D. C. (2017) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.7297 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
The smart therapist: A look to the future of smartphones and mHealth technologies in psychotherapy.
Clough, B. A., & Casey, L. M. (2015) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/pro0000011 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Digital Phenotyping and Mobile Sensing
Baumeister, H., & Montag, C. (2019) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31620-4 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Toward Psychoinformatics: Computer Science Meets Psychology
Montag, C., Duke, É., & Markowetz, A. (2016) · Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine · doi:10.1155/2016/2983685 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Orderliness predicts academic performance: behavioural analysis on campus lifestyle
Cao, Y., Gao, J., Lian, D., Rong, Z., Shi, J., Wang, Q., Wu, Y., Yao, H., & Zhou, T. (2018) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2018.0210 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Social media-predicted personality traits and values can help match people to their ideal jobs
Kern, M. L., McCarthy, P. X., Chakrabarty, D., & Rizoiu, M.-A. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1917942116 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Correlating Personality and Actual Phone Usage
Montag, C., Błaszkiewicz, K., Lachmann, B., Andone, I., Sariyska, R., Trendafilov, B., Reuter, M., & Markowetz, A. (2014) · Journal of Individual Differences · doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000139 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Sindermann, C., Elhai, J. D., Moshagen, M., & Montag, C. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03214 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Montag, C., Baumeister, H., Kannen, C., Sariyska, R., Meßner, E.-M., & Brand, M. (2019) · J — Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal · doi:10.3390/j2020008 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Digital biomarkers from geolocation data in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: a systematic review
Fraccaro, P., Beukenhorst, A. L., Sperrin, M., Harper, S., Palmier‐Claus, J. E., Lewis, S. W., van der Veer, S. N., & Peek, N. B. (2019) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocz043 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Digital Phenotyping of Big Five Personality via Facebook Data Mining: A Meta-Analysis
Marengo, D., & Montag, C. (2020) · Digital Psychology · doi:10.24989/dp.v1i1.1823 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Let your fingers do the talking: Passive typing instability predicts future mood outcomes
Stange, J. P., Zulueta, J., Langenecker, S. A., Ryan, K. A., Piscitello, A., Duffecy, J., McInnis, M. G., Nelson, P., Ajilore, O., & Leow, A. (2018) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.12637 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Brown, R. C., Bendig, E., Fischer, T., Goldwich, A. D., Baumeister, H., & Plener, P. L. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220623 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Ethical Considerations of Digital Phenotyping from the Perspective of a Healthcare Practitioner
Dagum, P., & Montag, C. (2019) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31620-4_2 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Montag, C., & Reuter, M. (2017) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46276-9 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2020
Davis, F., Riedl, R., & Randolph, A. (2020) · Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60073-0 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kargl, F., van der Heijden, R. W., Erb, B., & Bösch, C. (2019) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31620-4_1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Montag, C. (2018) · Lecture notes in information systems and organisation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01087-4_32 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Insights – future implications of passive smartphone sensing in the therapeutic context
Messner, E.-M., Sariyska, R., Mayer, B., Montag, C., Kannen, C., Schwerdtfeger, A., & Baumeister, H. (2022) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000501951 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationStachl, C., & Bühner, M. (2015) · Procedia Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.743 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Impact of Psychoinformatics on Internet Addiction Including New Evidence
Montag, C., Reuter, M., & Markowetz, A. (2017) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46276-9_13 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Sariyska, R., & Montag, C. (2019) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31620-4_4 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Machine learning’s feet of clay.
Kriston, L. (2020) · Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/jep.13191 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Digital interventions for the treatment of depression: a meta-analytic review
Moshe, I., Terhorst, Y., Philippi, P., Domhardt, M., Cuijpers, P., Cristea, I., Pulkki-Råback, L., Baumeister, H., & Sander, L. B. (2021) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000334 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Self-citationD’Alfonso, S. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.04.005 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Digital Phenotyping for Monitoring Mental Disorders: Systematic Review
Bufano, P., Laurino, M., Said, S., Tognetti, A., & Menicucci, D. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/46778 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Digital Phenotyping of Big Five Personality via Facebook Data Mining: A Meta-Analysis
Marengo, D., & Montag, C. (2020) · Digital Psychology · doi:10.24989/dp.v1i1.1823 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Montag, C., Elhai, J. D., & Dagum, P. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.740292 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
A scoping review of neurodegenerative manifestations in explainable digital phenotyping
Alfalahi, H., Dias, S. B., Khandoker, A. H., Chaudhuri, К. R., & Hadjileontiadis, L. J. (2023) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-023-00494-0 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The comprehensive clinical benefits of digital phenotyping: from broad adoption to full impact
Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Zong, H., Singla, R. K., Ullah, A., Liu, X., Wu, R., Ren, S., & Shen, B. (2025) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01602-5 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Montag, C., & Rumpf, H.-J. (2021) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-021-00376-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationWetzel, B., Pryss, R. C., Baumeister, H., Edler, J.-S., Gonçalves, A. S. O., & Cohrdes, C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18126212 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Assche, E. V., Ramos‐Quiroga, J. A., Pariante, C. M., Sforzini, L., Young, A. H., Flossbach, Y., Gold, S. M., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., Baune, B. T., & Maron, E. (2022) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.05.007 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Sindermann, C., Riedl, R., & Montag, C. (2020) · Future Internet · doi:10.3390/fi12070110 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Jayakumar, P., Lin, E., Galea, V. P., Mathew, A. J., Panda, N., Vetter, I., & Haynes, A. B. (2020) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm10040282 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Matz, S., Beck, E. D., Atherton, O. E., White, M., Rauthmann, J., Mroczek, D., Kim, M., & Bogg, T. (2023) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916231191774 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Ecological Momentary Interventions in Public Mental Health Provision
Schulte‐Strathaus, J. C. C., Rauschenberg, C., Baumeister, H., & Reininghaus, U. (2022) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98546-2_25 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Stangl, F. J., Riedl, R., Kiemeswenger, R., & Montag, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1141663 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Digital Phenotyping: an Epistemic and Methodological Analysis
Coghlan, S., & D’Alfonso, S. (2021) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-021-00492-1 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Baumgartner, S. E., Sumter, S. R., Petkevič, V., & Wiradhany, W. (2022) · Social Science Computer Review · doi:10.1177/08944393211071068 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Use of Mobile Assessments for Monitoring Mental Health in Youth: Umbrella Review
Marciano, L., Vocaj, E., Bekalu, M. A., Tona, A. L., Rocchi, G., & Viswanath, K. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/45540 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Marengo, D., Elhai, J. D., & Montag, C. (2023) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12817 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Show me your smartphone… and then I will show you your brain structure and brain function
Montag, C., Elhai, J. D., & Dagum, P. (2021) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1002/hbe2.272 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Covid-19-Pandemie und Verhaltenssüchte
Rumpf, H., Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Montag, C., Müller, A., Müller, K. W., Wölfling, K., Stark, R. M., Steins‐Loeber, S., Hayer, T., et al. (2020) · SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice · doi:10.1024/0939-5911/a000672 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Smart Sensors for Health Research and Improvement
Garatva, P., Terhorst, Y., Meßner, E.-M., Karlen, W., Pryss, R. C., & Baumeister, H. (2022) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98546-2_23 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Digital phenotyping in molecular psychiatry—a missed opportunity?
Montag, C., & Quintana, D. S. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01795-1 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Do we still need psychological self-report questionnaires in the age of the Internet of Things?
Montag, C., Dagum, P., Hall, B. J., & Elhai, J. D. (2022) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-021-00012-4 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Vlisides‐Henry, R. D., Gao, M. M., Thomas, L. R., Kaliush, P. R., Conradt, E. D., & Crowell, S. E. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.618442 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Smart Sensing Enhanced Diagnostic Expert Systems
Terhorst, Y., Knauer, J., & Baumeister, H. (2022) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98546-2_24 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Peterka‐Bonetta, J., Sindermann, C., Elhai, J. D., & Montag, C. (2021) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1002/hbe2.243 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Digitale Phänotypisierung in der Psychologie – ein Quantensprung in der psychologischen Forschung?
Baumeister, H., Garatva, P., Pryss, R. C., Ropinski, T., & Montag, C. (2022) · Psychologische Rundschau · doi:10.1026/0033-3042/a000609 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Stangl, F. J., & Riedl, R. (2024) · Lecture notes in information systems and organisation · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-58396-4_10 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Elmer, T., & Lodder, G. M. A. (2022) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/02654075221122069 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Baumeister, H., & Montag, C. (2022) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98546-2_1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
On the Need for Digital Phenotyping to Obtain Insights into Mental States in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Montag, C., Dagum, P., & Elhai, J. D. (2020) · Digital Psychology · doi:10.24989/dp.v1i2.1857 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Mapping the emerging legal landscape for neuroprostheses: Human interests and legal resources
Akmazoglu, T. B., & Chandler, J. A. (2021) · Developments in neuroethics and bioethics · doi:10.1016/bs.dnb.2021.08.002 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Smartphone-based markers of social connectivity in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Valeri, L., Cai, X.-X., Eichi, H. R., Liebenthal, E., Rauch, S. L., Ongur, D., Schutt, R., Dixon, L., Onnela, J., & Baker, J. T. (2024) · NPP—Digital Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s44277-024-00013-w · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A smartphone-based intervention to decrease neuroticism: Protocol of the CHILL Study
Haehner, P., Wright, A. J., Andrae, R., Lubczyk, T., Betancourt, L. A. R., Hopwood, C. J., & Bleidorn, W. (2025) · Personality Science · doi:10.1177/27000710251319409 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Leijse, M. M. L., van Dam, L., Jambroes, T., Timmerman, A., & Popma, A. (2024) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/53613 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Carragher, N., Long, J., Radu, I., King, D. L., Billieux, J., Rumpf, H., Assanangkornchai, S., Saunders, J. B., & Higuchi, S. (2022) · International Gambling Studies · doi:10.1080/14459795.2022.2114526 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sindermann, C., Lachmann, B., Elhai, J. D., & Montag, C. (2021) · Journal of Individual Differences · doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000343 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Montag, C., Dagum, P., Hall, B. J., & Elhai, J. D. (2022) · Molecular Psychology Brain Behavior and Society · doi:10.12688/molpsychol.17401.1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Could Robots Empatize? A Review on The Employment of Social Robots in Mental Healthcare
GÜLTEKİN, M. (2022) · Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi · doi:10.17066/tpdrd.12250405 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Unraveling the roots of depression – it’s complicated
Davis, K. L., & Montag, C. (2023) · Neuropsychoanalysis · doi:10.1080/15294145.2023.2261454 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Virtual Reality Data for Predicting Mental Health Conditions
Chitale, V., Playne, D. P., Liang, H., & Baghaei, N. (2022) · IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct) · doi:10.1109/ismar-adjunct57072.2022.00011 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Elhai, J. D., & Rozgonjuk, D. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.11.001 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Edler, J.-S., Terhorst, Y., Pryss, R. C., Baumeister, H., & Cohrdes, C. (2024) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/45530 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Rosen, M., Betz, L. T., Montag, C., Kannen, C., & Kambeitz, J. P. (2022) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/35206 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Montag, C., & Hall, B. J. (2023) · Nature Mental Health · doi:10.1038/s44220-023-00129-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
McInerney, A. M., Schmitz, N., Matthews, M. L., & Deschênes, S. S. (2024) · BMC Digital Health · doi:10.1186/s44247-024-00116-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Fineberg, N. A., Brandtner, A., Löchner, N., Kannen, C., Smith, M., Foster, S., Meinke, A., Mosler, K., Fine, S., Carmi, L., et al. (2025) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152653 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Stangl, F. J., & Riedl, R. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-46113-3_15 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Kilshaw, R. E., Boggins, A., Everett, O., Butner, E., Leifker, F. R., & Baucom, B. (2024) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/53857 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Public perspectives on AI diagnosis of mental illness
O’Connor, C. (2024) · General Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/gpsych-2023-101370 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Montag, C., Hall, B. J., & Lin, Y. (2024) · The European Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ejpsy.2024.100273 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Schmidt, L. D., Wegmann, E., Bischof, A., Klein, L., Zhou, C., Rozgonjuk, D., Kannen, C., Borgwardt, S., Brand, M., Montag, C., et al. (2022) · SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice · doi:10.1024/0939-5911/a000782 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Knauer, J., Baumeister, H., Schmitt, A., & Terhorst, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2024.1352762 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Montag, C., Elhai, J. D., Kannen, C., Bischof, A., Brandt, D. M., Schmidt, H., Rozgonjuk, D., & Rumpf, H. (2024) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100564 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Chitale, V., Henry, J. D., Liang, H., Matthews, B., & Baghaei, N. (2024) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2024.101127 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Dagum, P., & Montag, C. (2022) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98546-2_3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Personality Constructs Predictions Beyond FFM /Big5: A Digital Phenotyping‐Based Exploration
Hocherman, M., Mizrachi, Y., & Gal, H. C. (2025) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.70006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Digital health in presymptomatic diseases
Cohen, M. (2025) · Revue Neurologique · doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2025.06.017 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Transforming psychological practice with precision mental health: introduction to the NOVA project
Roca, P., Noheda, S., Ramírez-Riveros, E., Martín-Azañedo, C., Martínez‐Zaragoza, F., Zangri, R. M., del Valle, E. P. G., Sanchez-Pedreño, M., León‐García, M., Gravholt, D. L., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1775489 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lima, R. A., Baumeister, H., Pryss, R., Küchler, A., Kraft, R., Berghoff, N., Nagel, L., Reichert, M., Idrees, A. R., Stach, M., et al. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-108674 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kee, K. M., Schulz, P. J., & Sung, J. J. �. (2024) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-70355-3_6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Beierle, F., Schobel, J., Vogel, C., Allgaier, J., Mulansky, L., Haug, F., Haug, J., Schlee, W., Holfelder, M., Stach, M., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18147395 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Psikolojik Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Dijital Fenotipleme Kullanımı: Fırsatlar, Etik ve Yasal Sorunlar
GÜLTEKİN, M. (2021) · Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi · doi:10.7816/nesne-09-22-13
Elmer, T., & Lodder, G. M. A. (2022) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/g5bpe
Could Robots Empatize? A Review on The Employment of Social Robots in Mental Healthcare
GÜLTEKİN, M. (2022) · Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi · doi:10.17066/tpdrd.1225040
Impulsivity from the personality psychologist’s perspective
Schmitt, H., Elhai, J. D., & Montag, C. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13437-1.00016-1
FHIR up Ubicomp Data: Mastering Usability, Common Metrics, FAIRness, and Privacy
González, L. I. L., Nguyen, T. B. D., Pryss, R. C., Baumeister, H., & Amft, O. (2024) · IEEE Pervasive Computing · doi:10.1109/mprv.2024.3486930
Ognjanovski, N., Ghimire, A., Hale, P. J., Kim, D., Cerda, I. H., Goldiez, E., Marino, S., Green, A., Fitzgerald, P. J., Vijayakumar, P., et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-69041-0
Feedback in Rehabilitation Settings
Knauer, J., Terhorst, Y., & Baumeister, H. (2025) · CBT: science into practice · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-90428-8_10
Comparative Analysis of Mental Health and Psychological Swotting in the Digital Era
Bahadure, N. B., Khomane, R. B., Mahadule, S., Kalbande, S., Shrirao, V., Potey, S., Dhande, S., & Khandal, S. V. (2025) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-3352-4_16
The impact of phone addiction on eating disorders in children
Rasińska, A., Rzyczniok, P., Bala, P., Jachimczak, J., Kopczyński, M., & Matusik, J. (2025) · Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews · doi:10.18510/hssr.2025.13218
Predicting type 2 diabetes among social media users in Saudi Arabia using machine learning
Masood, S., Albashrawi, M. A., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2025) · Information Discovery and Delivery · doi:10.1108/idd-03-2025-0065
The Future of Human Consciousness
Gosline, S. L. (2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009749138.011
Gosline, S. L. (2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009749138.016
Naeim, M., & Narimani, M. (2026) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076261437230
Tarquine, J. M., Robinson, A. M., Olson, C. R., Williams, R. F., Feliz, A., Haynes, A. B., Lenart, E., Hendrix, A., & Solsky, I. B. (2026) · Journal of surgical education · doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2026.103945
Associations between family cohesion, stress and digital self-regulation in young adults
Ökten, B. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1842874
Roca, P., Sanchez-Pedreño, M., Noheda, S., Ramírez-Riveros, E., Martín-Azañedo, C., Martínez‐Zaragoza, F., Zangri, R. M., del Valle, E. P. G., León‐García, M., Gravholt, D. L., et al. (2026) · APUNTES DE PSICOLOGÍA · doi:10.70478/apuntes.psi.2026.44.08
Kranas, A., Paxinou, E., Bazakidis, I., Koufopoulou, C., Koufopoulos, P., Feretzakis, G., & Verykios, V. S. (2026) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm16090447
Zingaro, D., Reichenbacher, T., & Fabrikant, S. I. (2026) · ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems · doi:10.1145/3844502
Huang, Q., Tu, S., Lin, J., Lu, L., & Lv, C. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1889053
Chen, J., Cheng, J., 滕敬华, Liu, H., Yang, B., Zhu, Y., Zhang, E., Cheng, F., & Zeng, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1928163
- Authors
- Montag, C., Sindermann, C., & Baumeister, H.
- Affiliations
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Montag, Christian
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-12
- Volume
- 36
- Pages
- 19-24
- ISSN
- 2352-250X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3016227911
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 2.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Universität Ulm
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Keywords
- digital phenotyping, digital footprint, psychodiagnosis, psychological characteristics, psychological state, social media, smartphones, Internet of Things, privacy, ethical considerations, benefits and harms
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Humans, Phenotype, Social Media
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
