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Cited by 422Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

Anxiety and its disorders as risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A meta-analytic review

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Bentley, Kate H., Franklin, Joseph C., Ribeiro, Jessica D., Kleiman, Evan M., Fox, Kathryn R., Nock, Matthew K.·2016·Clinical Psychology Review
DOI 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.11.008PMC PMC4771521
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Abstract

Suicidal thoughts and behaviors are highly prevalent public health problems with devastating consequences. There is an urgent need to improve our understanding of risk factors for suicide to identify effective intervention targets. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the magnitude and clinical utility of anxiety and its disorders as risk factors for suicide ideation, attempts, and deaths. We conducted a literature search through December 2014; of the 65 articles meeting our inclusion criteria, we extracted 180 cases in which an anxiety-specific variable was used to longitudinally predict a suicide-related outcome. Results indicated that anxiety is a statistically significant, yet weak, predictor of suicide ideation (OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.88) and attempts (OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.47, 1.83), but not deaths (OR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.18). The strongest associations were observed for PTSD. Estimates were reduced after accounting for publication bias, and diagnostic accuracy analyses indicated acceptable specificity but poor sensitivity. Overall, the extant literature suggests that anxiety and its disorders, at least when these constructs are measured in isolation and as trait-like constructs, are relatively weak predictors of suicidal thoughts and behaviors over long follow-up periods. Implications for future research priorities are discussed.

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  • Some studies have reported only a weak or nonsignificant link between anxiety and suicidal behaviour when anxiety is considered as an independent variable for statistical analyses.

    “when anxiety is considered as an independent variable for statistical analyses, some studies have reported only a weak or nonsignificant link with suicidal behaviour 66,67 .”

    From Suicide and suicide risk (2019) · cites this paper as [67]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Bentley, K. H., Franklin, J. C., Ribeiro, J. D., Kleiman, E. M., Fox, K. R., & Nock, M. K.
Affiliations
  • Boston University (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Bentley, Kate H.
ORCID
Venue
Clinical Psychology Review
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-02
Volume
43
Pages
30-46
ISSN
0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cpr.2015.11.008
PMC
PMC4771521
OpenAlex
W2201065648
Cited by
422
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 46 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 9
FWCI
2.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH018921)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords
anxiety disorders, suicide risk factors, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, suicide mortality, post-traumatic stress disorder, trait anxiety, longitudinal prediction, diagnostic accuracy
MeSH terms
Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Humans, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Suicidal Ideation

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