Adolescent rats are resistant to forming ethanol seeking habits
Open accessAbstract
Early age of onset alcohol drinking is significantly more likely to lead to alcohol use disorders (AUDs) than alcohol drinking that begins after the age of 18. Unfortunately, the majority of people in the United States begin drinking in adolescence. Therefore, it is important to understand how early alcohol drinking leads to increased risk for AUDs so that better treatments and prevention strategies can be developed. Adolescents perceive greater rewarding properties of alcohol, and adolescents may be more likely to form alcohol-seeking habits that promote continued use throughout the lifetime. Therefore, we compared the development of alcohol seeking habits in adolescent and adult male, Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were trained to lever press to receive 10% ethanol+0.1% saccharin on a schedule that promotes habit formation. Rats were tested using a contingency degradation procedure at different points in training. Adult rats formed ethanol-seeking habits with only moderate training, while adolescents remained goal-directed even with extended training. Nevertheless, adolescents consumed more ethanol than adults throughout the experiment and continued to consume more ethanol than adults when they reached adulthood. Therefore, early onset alcohol use may promote AUD formation through establishment of high levels of drinking that becomes habitual in adulthood.
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Adolescent rats voluntarily ingest larger quantities of alcohol than adults.
“Adolescent rats voluntarily ingest larger quantities of alcohol than adults using a variety of access paradigms (25–28).”
From Impact of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms on Addiction Vulnerability in Adolescents (2018) · cites this paper as [28]
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Impact of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms on Addiction Vulnerability in Adolescents
Logan, R. W., Hasler, B. P., Forbes, E. E., Franzen, P. L., Torregrossa, M. M., Huang, Y. H., Buysse, D. J., Clark, D. B., & McClung, C. A. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.035 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Serlin, H., & Torregrossa, M. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Torregrossa, Mary M.
- ORCID
- Torregrossa, Mary M.
- Venue
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 16
- Pages
- 183-190
- ISSN
- 1878-9293 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4480209
- OpenAlex
- W2037854852
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 2.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- USPHS (DA031745)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- adolescent alcohol drinking, alcohol seeking, habit formation, contingency degradation, alcoholism, early age of onset, goal-directed behavior, ethanol consumption
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Extinction, Psychological, Male, Self Administration, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats, Drug-Seeking Behavior
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