Habitual alcohol seeking: time course and the contribution of subregions of the dorsal striatum
Open accessAbstract
Background Addictions are defined by a loss of flexible control over behavior. The development of response habits might reflect early changes in behavioral control. The following experiments examined the flexibility of alcohol-seeking after different durations of self-administration training and tested the role of the dorsal striatum in the control of flexible and habitual alcohol self-administration.Methods Rats were trained to lever-press to earn unsweetened ethanol (EtOH) (10%). The sensitivity of the lever-press response to devaluation was assessed by prefeeding the rats either EtOH or sucrose before an extinction test after different amounts of training (1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks). We subsequently tested the role of the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) in controlling alcohol seeking with reversible inactivation techniques (baclofen/muscimol: 1.0/.1 mmol/L, .3 μL/side).Results We find that operant responding for EtOH early in training is goal-directed and reduced by devaluation, but after 8 weeks of daily operant training, control has shifted to a habit-based system no longer sensitive to devaluation. Furthermore, after relatively limited training, when responding is sensitive to devaluation, inactivation of the DMS greatly attenuates the alcohol-seeking response, whereas inactivation of the DLS is without effect. In contrast, responding that is insensitive to devaluation after 8 weeks of training becomes sensitive to devaluation after inactivation of the DLS but is unaffected by inactivation of the DMS.Conclusions These experiments demonstrate that extended alcohol self-administration produces habit-like responding and that response control shifts from the DMS to the DLS across the course of training.
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Corbit et al. showed that instrumental alcohol seeking in rats became insensitive to devaluation after 4 weeks of training and was mirrored by a shift in control from the dorsomedial striatum to the dorsolateral striatum.
“Corbit et al. (2012) similarly showed that instrumental alcohol seeking in rats became insensitive to devaluation after 4 weeks of training and also shown to be mirrored by a shift in control from the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) (a key region implicated in goal-directed control; Dolan and Dayan, 2013) to the DLS.”
From The role of habit in compulsivity (2016) · cites this paper as Corbit et al. (2012)
The formation of drug habits is associated with a shift away from engagement of the prelimbic cortex and dorsomedial striatum towards more dorsolateral parts of the striatum with prolonged drug use.
“Lesion and microdialysis studies show that the formation of drug habits is associated with a shift away from engagement of the prelimbic cortex30 and dorsomedial striatum31 towards more dorsolateral parts of the striatum9 with prolonged drug use.32”
From Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence for overreliance on habit learning in alcohol-dependent patients (2013) · cites this paper as [31]
Inactivation of the dorsolateral striatum reverses habitual drug seeking in rats exposed to prolonged alcohol or cocaine use.
“Inactivation of the dorsolateral striatum on the other hand reverses habitual drug seeking in rats that were exposed to prolonged alcohol31 or cocaine use.32”
From Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence for overreliance on habit learning in alcohol-dependent patients (2013) · cites this paper as [31]
Evidence suggests increased involvement of the dorsolateral striatum in rodents and non-human primates in long-term drug seeking.
“Thus, evidence suggests increased involvement of the dorsolateral striatum in rodents31,34, 35, 36 and non-human primates37 in long-term drug seeking.”
From Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence for overreliance on habit learning in alcohol-dependent patients (2013) · cites this paper as [31]
The observed general shift towards S-R habits could be a consequence of chronic alcohol use by repeated exposure to the harmful effects of drugs of abuse, or a predisposing trait or vulnerability for the development of compulsive and impulse regulation disorders, or both.
“This observed general shift towards S–R habits could be a consequence of chronic alcohol use by repeated exposure to the harmful effects of drugs of abuse31,56,57 or a predisposing trait or vulnerability for the development of compulsive and impulse regulation disorders, or both.53,58”
From Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence for overreliance on habit learning in alcohol-dependent patients (2013) · cites this paper as [31]
Exposure to drugs of abuse can hasten the development of habit, or the loss of goal-direction, as measured by reinforcer devaluation.
“exposure to drugs of abuse can hasten the development of habit (or the loss of goal-direction) as measured by reinforcer devaluation techniques like the ones described above”
From Context, attention, and the switch between habit and goal-direction in behavior (2021) · cites this paper as Corbit et al., 2012
Both amygdala subregions and DMS participate in drug-seeking and active-avoidance behavior.
“Both amygdala subregions and DMS participate in drug-seeking66,73,74 and active-avoidance behavior75.”
From A dual-pathway architecture for stress to disrupt agency and promote habit (2025) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Corbit, L. H., Nie, H., & Janak, P. H.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Corbit, Laura H.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-09
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 389-395
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3674580
- OpenAlex
- W2053170041
- Cited by
- 486
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 88 · 2019: 49 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 10.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA018025)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- dorsal striatum, dorsomedial striatum, dorsolateral striatum, currency devaluation, goal-directed behavior, habit formation, alcohol self-administration, response flexibility, baclofen, muscimol, reversible inactivation
- MeSH terms
- Ethanol, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Corpus Striatum, Extinction, Psychological, Habits, Learning, Male, Self Administration, Behavior, Addictive, Rats, Long-Evans, Models, Animal, Rats
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