Cited by 213Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchSmoking Behavior and CessationSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Reliability and validity of a short form of the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire

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Heishman, Stephen J., Evans, Rebecca J., Singleton, Edward G., Levin, Kenneth H., Copersino, Marc L., Gorelick, David A.·2009·Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Abstract

Background The Marijuana Craving Questionnaire (MCQ) is a valid and reliable, 47-item self-report instrument that assesses marijuana craving along four dimensions: compulsivity, emotionality, expectancy, and purposefulness. For use in research and clinical settings, we constructed a 12-item version of the MCQ by selecting three items from each of the four factors that exhibited the greatest within-factor internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient).Methods Adult marijuana users (n=490), who had made at least one serious attempt to quit marijuana use but were not seeking treatment, completed the MCQ-Short Form (MCQ-SF) in a single session.Results Confirmatory factor analysis of the MCQ-SF indicated good fit with the 4-factor MCQ model, and the coefficient of congruence indicated moderate similarity in factor patterns and loadings between the MCQ and MCQ-SF. Homogeneity (unidimensionality and internal consistency) of MCQ-SF factors was also consistent with reliability values obtained in the initial validation of the MCQ.Conclusions Findings of psychometric fidelity indicate that the MCQ-SF is a reliable and valid measure of the same multidimensional aspects of marijuana craving as the MCQ in marijuana users not seeking treatment.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.010

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  • Marijuana craving was assessed using the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire (MCQ), a 12-item instrument with four subscales.

    “baseline marijuana craving was assessed with the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire (MCQ) (Heishman et al., 2009), a 12-item instrument with four subscales (Expectancy, Purposefulness, Emotionality, and Compulsivity).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. American Psychiatric Association 2000 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revision American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
  2. Nunnally JC 1978 Psychometrics McGraw-Hill New York

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Authors
Heishman, S. J., Evans, R. J., Singleton, E. G., Levin, K. H., Copersino, M. L., & Gorelick, D. A.
Affiliations
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (US)
  • MayaTech (United States) (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
Venue
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-06
Volume
102
Issue
1-3
Pages
35-40
ISSN
0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2006062215
Cited by
212
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
FWCI
6.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (Z01DA000485)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
short-form questionnaire, psychometric validation, reliability statistics, validity, compulsivity, emotionality, expectancy, purposefulness, marijuana users, unidimensionality
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Marijuana Abuse, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Ethnicity, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Black People, White People, Young Adult

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