Cannabidiol Attenuates the Appetitive Effects of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Humans Smoking Their Chosen Cannabis
Open accessAbstract
Worldwide cannabis dependence is increasing, as is the concentration of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in street cannabis. At the same time, the concentration of the second most abundant cannabinoid in street cannabis, cannabidiol (CBD), is decreasing. These two cannabinoids have opposing effects both pharmacologically and behaviorally when administered in the laboratory. No research has yet examined how the ratio of these constituents impacts on the appetitive/reinforcing effects of cannabis in humans. A total of 94 cannabis users were tested 7 days apart, once while non-intoxicated and once while acutely under the influence of their own chosen smoked cannabis on dependence-related measures. Using an unprecedented methodology, a sample of cannabis (as well as saliva) was collected from each user and analyzed for levels of cannabinoids. On the basis of CBD : THC ratios in the cannabis, individuals from the top and bottom tertiles were directly compared on indices of the reinforcing effects of drugs, explicit liking, and implicit attentional bias to drug stimuli. When intoxicated, smokers of high CBD : THC strains showed reduced attentional bias to drug and food stimuli compared with smokers of low CBD : THC. Those smoking higher CBD : THC strains also showed lower self-rated liking of cannabis stimuli on both test days. Our findings suggest that CBD has potential as a treatment for cannabis dependence. The acute modulation of the incentive salience of drug cues by CBD may possibly generalize to a treatment for other addictive disorders.
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CBD possibly reduces drug-seeking behaviors.
“and possibly reduces drug-seeking behaviors (Parker et al, 2004; Ren et al, 2009; Morgan et al, 2010).”
From Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients (2011) · cites this paper as Morgan et al, 2010
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Morgan, C. J., Freeman, T. P., Schafer, G. L., & Curran, H. V.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Morgan, Celia JA
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2010-04-28
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1879-1885
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC2906701
- OpenAlex
- W1972435539
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 8.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Trinity's Access to Research Output (TARA) (Trinity College Dublin) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- cannabidiol, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabis use disorder, THC:CBD ratio, cannabis smoking, drug reinforcement, attentional bias, incentive salience, drug liking
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Appetitive Behavior, Cannabidiol, Marijuana Abuse, Choice Behavior, Chromatography, Liquid, Female, Hallucinogens, Humans, Male, Marijuana Smoking, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time, Mass Spectrometry, Dronabinol, Young Adult
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