Alcohol Consumption as a Risk Factor for Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and a Series of Meta-analyses
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Pancreatitis is a highly prevalent medical condition associated with a spectrum of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiencies. While high alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for pancreatitis, its relationship with specific types of pancreatitis and a potential threshold have not been systematically examined. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature search for studies on the association between alcohol consumption and pancreatitis based on PRISMA guidelines. Non-linear and linear random-effect dose-response meta-analyses using restricted cubic spline meta-regressions and categorical meta-analyses in relation to abstainers were conducted. FINDINGS: Seven studies with 157,026 participants and 3618 cases of pancreatitis were included into analyses. The dose-response relationship between average volume of alcohol consumption and risk of pancreatitis was monotonic with no evidence of non-linearity for chronic pancreatitis (CP) for both sexes (p = 0.091) and acute pancreatitis (AP) in men (p = 0.396); it was non-linear for AP in women (p = 0.008). Compared to abstention, there was a significant decrease in risk (RR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.60-0.97) of AP in women below the threshold of 40 g/day. No such association was found in men (RR = 1.1, 95%CI: 0.69-1.74). The RR for CP at 100 g/day was 6.29 (95%CI: 3.04-13.02). INTERPRETATION: The dose-response relationships between alcohol consumption and risk of pancreatitis were monotonic for CP and AP in men, and non-linear for AP in women. Alcohol consumption below 40 g/day was associated with reduced risk of AP in women. Alcohol consumption beyond this level was increasingly detrimental for any type of pancreatitis. FUNDING: The work was financially supported by a grant from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R21AA023521) to the last author.
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Regarding epidemiological results, the dose-response relationship for alcohol and pancreatitis seems to be accelerated for higher doses, more pronounced in women, and in acute pancreatitis.
“Regarding epidemiological results, the dose–response relationship seems to be accelerated for higher doses 308, 309, more pronounced in women, and in acute pancreatitis.”
From The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease—an update (2017) · cites this paper as [309]
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- Authors
- Samokhvalov, A. V., Rehm, J., & Roerecke, M.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Samokhvalov, Andriy V.
- Venue
- EBioMedicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1996-2002
- ISSN
- 2352-3964 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4703772
- OpenAlex
- W2213789509
- Cited by
- 200
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 2.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- EBioMedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R21AA023521)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Keywords
- alcohol consumption, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, alcohol as risk factor, dose-response relationship, alcohol abstinence, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Alcohol Drinking, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Pancreatitis, Risk Factors, Odds Ratio, Publication Bias
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