Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Chinese and German river water – Point source- and country-specific fingerprints including unknown precursors
Abstract
This study aimed at comparing source-specific fingerprints of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in river water from China and Germany, selected as countries with different histories of PFAS production. Samples were collected from up- and downstream of seven suspected point sources in autumn 2018. Amongst the 29 analyzed legacy and emerging PFASs, 24 were detected, with a sum ranging from 2.7 ng/L (Alz River) to 420,000 ng/L (Xiaoqing River). While mass flow estimates for the Xiaoqing River and Yangtze River (mean: 20 and 43 t/y, respectively) indicated ongoing high emissions of the legacy compound PFOA in China, its ether-based replacements HFPO-DA and DONA showed the highest contribution downstream of a German fluoropolymer manufacturing site (50% and 40% of ΣPFASs measured, respectively). In river water impacted by manufacturing sites for pharmaceutical and pesticide intermediates, the short-chain compound PFBS was the most prevalent substance in both countries. The German Ruhr River, receiving discharges from the electroplating industry, was characterized by the PFOS replacement 6:2 FTSA. Isomer profiling revealed a higher proportion of branched isomers in the Chinese Xi River and Xiaoqing River than in other rivers. This points to different synthesis routes and underlines the importance of differentiating between linear and branched isomers in risks assessments. Upon oxidative conversion in the total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay, the increase of the short-chain compound PFBA was higher in German samples than in Chinese samples (88 ± 30% versus 12 ± 14%), suggesting the presence of a higher proportion of unknown precursors to PFBA in the German environment. Amongst the ether-based replacements, DONA and 6:2 Cl-PFESA were fully or partially degraded to non-targeted oxidation products, whereas HFPO-DA showed no degradation. This indicates that the inclusion of ether-based PFASs and their oxidation products in the TOP assay can help in capturing a larger amount of the unknown PFAS fraction.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Joerss et al. observed an average ADONA concentration of 211.69 ng/L across four German rivers, suggesting possible localized industrial inputs or point-source discharges.
“In contrast, Joerss et al. [43] observed considerably higher levels, reporting an average ADONA concentration of 211.69 ng/L across four German rivers, suggesting possible localized industrial inputs or point-source discharges.”
From Integrated Targeted and Suspect Screening Workflow for Identifying PFAS of Concern in Urban-Impacted Serbian Rivers (2026) · cites this paper as [43]
For other compounds, our study observes similar levels of PFCA, PFSA and FTS compared to Joerss et al. in the Alz.
“For other compounds, our study observes similar levels of PFCA, PFSA and FTS compared to Joerss et al. [54] in the Alz.”
From Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments (2025) · cites this paper as [54]
Both our study and Joerss et al. highlight the persistence of legacy PFOA emissions from contamination in the surrounding soil and groundwater.
“Although PFOA production at this site was phased out in 2008 [6], both our study and Joerss et al. [54] highlight the persistence of legacy PFOA emissions from contamination in the surrounding soil and groundwater.”
From Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments (2025) · cites this paper as [54]
Joerss et al. measured PFOA levels at three sites downstream of Gendorf along the Alz in 2018, reporting concentrations from 20 ng/L to 180 ng/L.
“This is similar to the findings of Joerss et al. [54], who measured PFOA levels at three sites downstream of Gendorf along the Alz in 2018, reporting concentrations from 20 ng/L to 180 ng/L.”
From Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments (2025) · cites this paper as [54]
Cites
Buck, R. C., Franklin, J., Berger, U., Conder, J. M., Cousins, I. T., de Voogt, P., Jensen, A. A., Kannan, K., Mabury, S. A., & van Leeuwen, S. P. (2011) · Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management · doi:10.1002/ieam.258 · Cited by 4,641 · see citing works
A Never-Ending Story of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)?
Wang, Z., DeWitt, J. C., Higgins, C. P., & Cousins, I. T. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b04806 · Cited by 1,921 · see citing works
Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents
(2001) · Textile Research Journal · doi:10.1177/004051750107100823 · Cited by 1,376 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Cousins, I. T., Scheringer, M., & Hungerbühler, K. (2013) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.08.021 · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Cousins, I. T., Scheringer, M., Buck, R. C., & Hungerbühler, K. (2014) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.013 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
Oxidative Conversion as a Means of Detecting Precursors to Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Urban Runoff
Houtz, E. F., & Sedlak, D. L. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es302274g · Cited by 681 · see citing works
Worldwide Distribution of Novel Perfluoroether Carboxylic and Sulfonic Acids in Surface Water
Pan, Y., Zhang, H., Cui, Q., Sheng, N., Yeung, L. W. Y., Sun, Y., Guo, Y., & Dai, J. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b00829 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Cousins, I. T., Scheringer, M., & Hungerbuehler, K. (2015) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.013 · Cited by 627 · see citing works
Wang, S., Huang, J., Yang, Y., Hui, Y., Ge, Y., Larssen, T., Yu, G., Deng, S., Wang, B., & Harman, C. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es401525n · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Perfluorinated Surfactants in Surface and Drinking Waters (9 pp)
Exner, M., & Färber, H. (2006) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research - International · doi:10.1065/espr2006.07.326 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Comparing the toxic potency in vivo of long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids and fluorinated alternatives
Gomis, M. I., Vestergren, R., Borg, D., & Cousins, I. T. (2018) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.01.011 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Heydebreck, F., Tang, J., Xie, Z., & Ebinghaus, R. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b01648 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Self-citationDistribution and sources of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the River Rhine watershed
Möller, A., Ahrens, L., Surm, R., Westerveld, J., van der Wielen, F., Ebinghaus, R., & de Voogt, P. (2010) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2010.07.019 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, Y., D'Agostino, L. A., Qu, G., Jiang, G., & Martin, J. W. (2019) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2019.02.021 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Chen, H., Yao, Y., Zhao, Z., Wang, Y., Wang, Q., Ren, C., Wang, B., Sun, H., Alder, A. C., & Kannan, K. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b00544 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Schulz, K., Silva, M. R., & Klaper, R. (2020) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139186 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Riverine Discharge of Perfluorinated Carboxylates from the European Continent
McLachlan, M. S., Holmström, K. E., Reth, M., & Berger, U. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es071471p · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Wang, T., Vestergren, R., Herzke, D., Yu, J., & Cousins, I. T. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b03752 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Gomis, M. I., Wang, Z., Scheringer, M., & Cousins, I. T. (2015) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.062 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Zhang, C., Hopkins, Z. R., McCord, J., Strynar, M. J., & Knappe, D. R. U. (2019) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00525 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Song, X., Vestergren, R., Shi, Y., Huang, J. G., & Cai, Y. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b06657 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Gobelius, L., Hedlund, J., Dürig, W., Tröger, R., Lilja, K., Wiberg, K., & Ahrens, L. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b05718 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Boiteux, V., Dauchy, X., Bach, C., Colin, A., Hemard, J., Sagres, V., Rosin, C., & Munoz, J.-F. (2017) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.079 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Martin, D., Munoz, G., Mejia-Avendaño, S., Duy, S. V., Yao, Y., Volchek, K., Brown, C. E., Liu, J., & Sauvé, S. (2019) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.093 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Benskin, J. P., Silva, A. O. D., & Martin, J. W. (2010) · Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6880-7_2 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Bao, J., Liu, W., Liu, L., Jin, Y., Dai, J., Ran, X., Zhang, Z., & Tsuda, S. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es102610x · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Joerss, H., Apel, C., & Ebinghaus, R. (2019) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.363 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Self-citationJin, H., Zhang, Y., Zhu, L. Y., & Martin, J. W. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00212 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Shi, Y., Vestergren, R., Xu, L., Song, X., Niu, X., Zhang, C., & Cai, Y. (2015) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.035 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Measuring total PFASs in water: The tradeoff between selectivity and inclusivity
McDonough, C. A., Guelfo, J. L., & Higgins, C. P. (2019) · Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health · doi:10.1016/j.coesh.2018.08.005 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Fromme, H., Wöckner, M., Roscher, E., & Völkel, W. (2017) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.12.014 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Europe-wide estuarine export and surface water concentrations of PFOS and PFOA
Lindim, C., van Gils, J., & Cousins, I. T. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.024 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Cousins, I. T., Berger, U., Hungerbühler, K., & Scheringer, M. (2016) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.01.023 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) with isomer analysis in the commercial PFOS and PFOA products in China
Jiang, W., Zhang, Y., Yang, L., Chu, X., & Zhu, L. Y. (2015) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.049 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Chandramouli, B., Benskin, J. P., Hamilton, M. C., & Cosgrove, J. R. (2014) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.2751 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Mechanochemical destruction of Chinese PFOS alternative F-53B
Zhang, K., Cao, Z., Huang, J. G., Deng, S., Wang, B., & Yu, G. (2015) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2015.10.103 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Ye, F., Tokumura, M., Islam, M. S., Zushi, Y., Oh, J., & Masunaga, S. (2014) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.014 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Fang, S., Sha, B., Yin, H., Bian, Y., Yuan, B., & Cousins, I. T. (2020) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122617 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Control of heavy metal emission from metal plating industry in a german river basin
(1998) · Water Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/s0273-1223(98)00506-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Control of heavy metal emission from metal plating industry in a german river basin
Bode, H. (1998) · Water Science & Technology · doi:10.2166/wst.1998.0599 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 41 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
PFAS removal by ion exchange resins: A review
Dixit, F., Dutta, R., Barbeau, B., Bérubé, P. R., & Mohseni, M. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129777 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Hamid, N., Junaid, M., Sultan, M., Suman, T. Y., & Ong, M. C. (2023) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2023.121044 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Huang, J., Wang, Q., Liu, S., Lai, H., & Tu, W. (2021) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127950 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Jia, Y., Shan, C., Fu, W., Wei, S., & Pan, B. (2023) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2023.120289 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Pétré, M.-A., Salk, K. R., Stapleton, H. M., Ferguson, P. L., Tait, G., Obenour, D. R., Knappe, D. R. U., & Genereux, D. P. (2022) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154763 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Fluorine Mass Balance Analysis of Effluent and Sludge from Nordic Countries
Aro, R., Eriksson, U., Kärrman, A., Chen, F., Wang, T., & Yeung, L. W. Y. (2021) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.1c00168 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Emerging Perfluorinated Chemical GenX: Environmental and Biological Fates and Risks
Guo, W., Hao, W.-D., & Xiao, W. (2024) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1021/envhealth.4c00164 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Fluorine mass balance analysis of selected environmental samples from Norway
Aro, R., Carlsson, P., Vogelsang, C., Kärrman, A., & Yeung, L. W. Y. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131200 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Tang, Z.-W., Hamid, F. S., Yusoff, I., & Chan, V. (2023) · Groundwater for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1016/j.gsd.2023.100947 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Göckener, B., Fliedner, A., Rüdel, H., Badry, A., & Koschorreck, J. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04165 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Han, T., Chen, J., Lin, K., He, X., Li, S., Xu, T., Xin, M., Wang, B., Liu, C., & Wang, J. (2022) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129264 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Nahar, K., Zulkarnain, N. A., & Niven, R. K. (2023) · Water · doi:10.3390/w15203577 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Liu, Z., Xu, C., Johnson, A. C., Sun, X., Ding, X., Ding, D., Liu, S., & Liang, X. (2021) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127019 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Amyloid-Fibril Based Membranes for PFAS Removal from Water
Jin, T.-H., Peydayesh, M., Joerss, H., Zhou, J.-T., Bolisetty, S., & Mezzenga, R. (2021) · Environmental Science Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/d1ew00373a · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationJoerss, H., Menger, F., Tang, J., Ebinghaus, R., & Ahrens, L. (2022) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c07987 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationGasparini, C., Iori, S., Pietropoli, E., Bonato, M., Giantin, M., Barbarossa, A., Bardhi, A., Pilastro, A., Dacasto, M., & Pauletto, M. (2024) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.108703 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Kirkwood, K., Fleming, J., Nguyen, H., Reif, D. M., Baker, E. S., & Belcher, S. M. (2022) · Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c06483 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Joseph, N. T., Schwichtenberg, T., Cao, D., Jones, G. D., Rodowa, A. E., Barlaz, M. A., Charbonnet, J. A., Higgins, C. P., Field, J. A., & Helbling, D. E. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c03770 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Ilić, N., Andalib, A., Lippert, T., Knoop, O., Franke, M., Braeutigam, P., Drewes, J. E., & Hübner, U. (2023) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.144630 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Langberg, H. A., Hale, S. E., Breedveld, G. D., Jenssen, B. M., & Jartun, M. (2022) · Environmental Science Processes & Impacts · doi:10.1039/d1em00408e · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Feng, S., Lu, X., Ouyang, K., Su, G., Li, Q., Shi, B., & Meng, J. (2024) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171151 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Chen, Z., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Diao, J., Su, C., Sun, Q., Zhou, Y., Zhang, L., Bi, R., Ye, M., et al. (2023) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2023.108023 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Guo, M., Wu, F., Geng, Q., Wu, H., Song, Z., Zheng, G., Peng, J., Zhao, X., & Tan, Z. (2023) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121514 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Gao, D., Kong, C., Liao, H., Junaid, M., Pan, T., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Wang, X., & Wang, J. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163307 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Stults, J. F., Higgins, C., & Helbling, D. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00278 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Zhao, Z., Li, J., Zhang, X., Wang, L., Wang, J., & Lin, T. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20755-4 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Wang, R., Zhang, J., Yang, Y., Chen, C.-E., Zhang, D., & Tang, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.986719 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationGöckener, B., Fliedner, A., Weinfurtner, K., Rüdel, H., Badry, A., & Koschorreck, J. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165425 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Göckener, B., Lange, F. T., Lesmeister, L., Gökce, E., Dahme, H. U., Bandow, N., & Biegel-Engler, A. (2022) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-022-00631-1 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Human health risk assessment of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
Polychronidou, V., & Nag, R. (2025) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180428 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Xiu, Z., Zheng, N., An, Q., Chen, C., Lin, Q., Li, X., Wang, S., Peng, L., Li, Y., Zhu, H., et al. (2024) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136024 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Calore, F., Guolo, P. P., Wu, J., Xu, Q., Lu, J., & Marcomini, A. (2023) · Emerging contaminants · doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2023.100228 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Lv, J., Tan, Z., An, Z., Xu, R., Zhang, H., Guo, M., Fang, X., Zhao, M., Guo, Y., Liu, Y., et al. (2025) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137114 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Qie, M., Jia, X., Li, X., Li, Y., Wu, X., Shi, Y., & Cai, Y. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172766 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ao, Y., Nian, M., Tang, W., Zhang, J., Zhang, Q., & Ao, J. (2022) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-022-04426-4 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Guo, C., Ahrens, L., Bertilsson, S., Coolen, M. J. L., & Tang, J. (2023) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131803 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, J., Liang, E., Xu, X., & Xu, N. (2023) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115966 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Impact of precursors and bioaccessibility on childhood PFAS exposure from house dust
Juhasz, A. L., Keith, A., Jones, R., & Kastury, F. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164306 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Lange, F. T., Freeling, F., & Göckener, B. (2024) · Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.teac.2024.e00242 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Yang, Y., Wei, L., Wang, R., Zhao, G., Yang, S., Cheng, H., Wu, H., & Huang, Q.-H. (2025) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2025.124015 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Yu, L. H., Liu, X., Hua, Z., Xing, X., & Xue, H. (2025) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123628 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Removal of PFAS from groundwater using weak‐base anion exchange resins
Kassar, C., & Boyer, T. H. (2023) · AWWA Water Science · doi:10.1002/aws2.1325 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Guo, C., Hu, S., Cheng, P., Cheng, K., Yang, Y., Chen, G., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., & Liu, T. (2024) · Eco-Environment & Health · doi:10.1016/j.eehl.2024.05.005 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, C.-L., Xue, X., Zhang, S., Wu, P., Wang, X., Long, S., Gu, E., Wang, C., Yang, G., He, W., et al. (2025) · Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c01346 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Liu, M., Yi, S., Yu, H., Zhang, T., Dong, F., & Zhu, L. Y. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c04964 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Novel PFAS-specific monitoring approach for highly impacted surface waters
Ulrich, H., Macherius, A., Kunkel, U., Sengl, M., & Letzel, T. (2024) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140893 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Ji, Y., Wang, X., Wang, R., Wang, J., Zhao, X., & Wu, F. (2024) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124920 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Lei, H., Lu, Y., Wang, P., & Wu, T. (2025) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126738 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Meta-analysis evaluates toxicity of PFAS to microalgae: Mechanisms and ecological risks
Wu, H., Huang, X., Duan, X., Lao, A., & Zheng, Z. (2025) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139328 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Xu, S.-S., Zhang, C., Zhou, Y.-H., Chen, F.-H., Chen, F.-Y., Wang, W., Tang, H., Gao, Y., & Meng, L. (2023) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115909 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Sardiña, P., Sharp, S., Saaristo, M., Coggan, T., Hoak, M., & Leahy, P. (2024) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125272 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ulrich, H., Heldele, A.-S., Gierig, M., Letzel, T., & Drewes, J. E. (2025) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144612 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Vidal, A., Papillon, L., Seignemartin, G., Morereau, A., Euzen, C., Grenz, C., Copard, Y., Eyrolle, F., & Sempéré, R. (2024) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123655 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Wang, X., Chen, W., Guo, Q., Peng, Z., Sun, Q., Zhao, C., & Zhang, R. (2024) · Emerging contaminants · doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100391 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Sun, B., Li, J., Hu, C., Giesy, J. P., Lam, P. K. S., & Chen, L. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162297 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
RetractedThe effect of biochar in a specialty adsorbent on enhanced PFAS removal from surface water
Cheng, J., Islam, M. T., Sadmani, A. H. M. A., & Chang, N. (2024) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106231 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Liu, M., Saracevic, E., Oudega, T. J., Obeid, A. A. A., Nagy-Kovács, Z., László, B., Kittlaus, S., Zoboli, O., Krampe, J., Derx, J., et al. (2025) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-025-01141-6 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“This is similar to the findings of Joerss et al. [54], who measured PFOA levels at three sites downstream of Gendorf along the Alz in 2018, reporting concentrations from 20 ng/L to 180 ng/L.”
Microcosm experiment to test bacterial responses to perfluorooctanoate exposure
Guo, C., Ahrens, L., Bertilsson, S., Coolen, M. J. L., & Tang, J. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159685 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, W., Wang, Y., Li, W., Shen, J., Zhang, B.-B., Li, P., Han, R., Cao, C., & Wang, R. (2025) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117901 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Dauchy, X. (2025) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-025-05902-3 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The role of DOM on the allocation of PFASs between water and sediment within a river system
Xie, Y., Jiang, L., Mei, W., Tang, J., Li, J., & Luo, C. (2025) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127350 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationMiller, A. J., Kleemann, K., Glüge, J., Lohmann, R., Cousins, I. T., Herzke, D., Miller, M. F., Rensmo, A., Trier, X., Wang, Z., et al. (2026) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c18001 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Surface Properties and Biological Effects of Fluoroether Surfactants
Qian, L., Huang, M., Guo, Y., & Chen, Q. (2022) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781839167591-00146 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zhang, C., Lei, M., Liu, X., Zhou, Z., Liu, M., Chen, H., Yang, W., & Wang, X. (2022) · Regional Studies in Marine Science · doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2022.102684 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Salangad, O., Cappelli, F., Simon, F., Galatius, A., Sonne, C., Poma, G., Møller, P. R., Dietz, R., & Covaci, A. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.122114 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Chae, H., Choi, J. Y., Jeon, H., Kim, W., Park, N.-Y., Lee, I., Moon, H.-B., Kho, Y., & Choi, K. (2025) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114644 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Interactions between phytoplankton species and micro/nano‐plastics and heavy metal contamination
Alowaisy, A., Allouzi, M. M. A., Chia, W. Y., Mayol, A. P., Sriariyanun, M., & Show, P. L. (2025) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.70071 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Zhou, Y., Chang, Y., Zhang, D., & Li, W. (2025) · Water · doi:10.3390/w17223280 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
PFAS contamination and fluorine mass balance in sediments of the Upper Ganges River and Ganges Canal
Müller, V., Kowalewska, Z., Roth, A., Maurya, A. S., Feldmann, J., & Dixit, S. (2026) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2026.110104 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jawaduddin, M., Su, Z., Rashid, S., Graham, N. J. D., & Yu, W. (2026) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2026.174838 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jiang, N., Cheng, B., Chen, H., Shao, G., Zhang, P., Yang, L., & Liu, R. (2026) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c16480 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Sun, B., Li, J., Bai, Y., Zhou, X., Lam, P. K. S., & Chen, L. (2022) · Journal of Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jes.2022.10.017 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
PFAS in Iowa drinking water sources: Chemical and geospatial patterns
Dilparic, D., Graesch, M., Hruby, C., & Charbonnet, J. A. (2025) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179397 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Liu, Y., Wang, Q., Ruan, Y., Cai, T., Li, F., & Chen, H. (2026) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127705 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Xu, M., Fu, S., Chen, R., Christensen, C. S. Q., Chen, C., Fan, Y., Cai, Y., Wang, A., & Wong, J. W. C. (2025) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131626 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Wang, M., Xu, X., Huang, H., Zhang, Y.-X., & Chen, J.-F. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Science · doi:10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.075 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Batayi, B., Rimayi, C., Daso, P. A., & Okonkwo, J. O. (2025) · Emerging Contaminants · doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100534 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Antić, I., Buljovčić, M., Cochran, R. E., Živančev, J., Llorca, M., Farré, M., Rakić, D., Tautenhahn, R., & Đurišić-Mladenović, N. (2026) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics14010078 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“In contrast, Joerss et al. [43] observed considerably higher levels, reporting an average ADONA concentration of 211.69 ng/L across four German rivers, suggesting possible localized industrial inputs or point-source discharges.”
InfluentialLiu, W., Wang, S., Zhao, Q., Yu, P., Guo, Z., Xie, H., Zhang, J., & Hu, Z. (2025) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.109024 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Haluska, A. A., Röhler, K., Fabregat‐Palau, J., Alexandrino, D. A. M., Abramov, S. M., Thompson, K. J., Straub, D., Kleindienst, S., Bugsel, B., Zweigle, J., et al. (2024) · Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation · doi:10.1111/gwmr.12680 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Chen, C.-F., Dimaongon, N. G., Ju, Y.-R., Chen, C.-W., Lim, Y. C., Wang, M.-H., & Dong, C.-D. (2026) · Regional Studies in Marine Science · doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2025.104651 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Gong, Z., Feng, Q., Tang, S., Chen, W., & Liu, S. (2026) · Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A · doi:10.1080/10934529.2026.2640332 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hua, Z.-L., Gao, C., Guo, P., Li, X.-Q., & Gu, L. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142720 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Amanat, A., Baqar, M., Zhao, M., Faryal, F., Aslam, M., Mukhtar, M. S., Yao, Y., & Sun, H. (2026) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127829 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Khalid, N. K., Goeury, K., Ekpe, O. D., Aravindakumar, C. T., & Sauvé, S. (2026) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.5c01338 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Wu, F., Ding, H., Wu, X., Wu, L., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Shi, Y., & Cai, Y. (2026) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128130 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhang, K.-F., Qadeer, A., Anis, M., Liu, F., Yuan, H., Tu, X., Fu, Q., Zhang, F., Ajmal, Z., Yu, Y.-L., et al. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143857 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
EU proposal would ban 10,000 PFAS
Erickson, B. E. (2023) · Chemical & Engineering News · doi:10.47287/cen-10106-polcon1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fries, E., Helmecke, M., & Schulte, C. (2022) · Water and waste water management · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-95288-4_15
Vidal, A., Papillon, L., Seignemartin, G., Morereau, A., Euzen, C., Grenz, C., Copard, Y., Eyrolle, F., & Sempéré, R. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4645501
Blume, A., & Selle, B. (2025) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.119133
Joerss, H., Schramm, T.-R., Sun, L., Guo, C., Tang, J., & Ebinghaus, R. (2021) · Publishing Network for Geoscientific and Environmental Data (PANGAEA) (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research) · doi:10.1594/pangaea.929645
Self-citationPhung, T. V., Nguyen, T. N. P., Nguyen, T. D., Phan, D. Q., Le, H. T., Viet, P. H., & Dương, H. A. (2026) · Environmental Geochemistry and Health · doi:10.1007/s10653-026-03236-2
Ping, Q., Zhang, Z., Li, J., Zhang, W., Wang, T., Chen, J., & Hu, S. (2026) · Journal of Contaminant Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2026.105023
Chemical pollution reshapes food web responses to species loss
Sun, P., Chen, L., Wu, X., Zhou, H., & Wu, B. (2026) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2026.126604
Wang, J., Yu, G., Nie, Y., Zhang, S., Wang, Z., & Zheng, Z. (2026) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.6c00894
Wang, R., Hu, Z., Liu, K., Junjie, S. H. A. O., Wang, Y., Lu, Y., Liu, J., & Zhang, Q. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143982
- Authors
- Joerss, H., Schramm, T.-R., Sun, L., Guo, C., Tang, J., & Ebinghaus, R.
- Affiliations
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon (DE)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tang, Jianhui
- Venue
- Environmental Pollution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-12
- Volume
- 267
- Pages
- 115567
- ISSN
- 0269-7491 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3081998321
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 4.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Pollution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Knowledge Repository of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, CAS (Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- State Oceanic Administration
- BMBF
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- MEGAPOL (03F0786C)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1806207)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (COMS2019J08)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
- Keywords
- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, river pollution, point source discharges, perfluorooctanoic acid, HFPO-DA, Dona, PFBS, perfluorobutanoic acid, branched isomers, total oxidizable precursor assay, PFAS precursors, electroplating industry, China-Germany comparison
- MeSH terms
- China, Environmental Monitoring, Fluorocarbons, Fresh Water, Germany, Humans, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Asian People, Rivers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review