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Cited by 39Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Neuropsychological deficits in adults age 60 and above with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Thorell, L.B., Holst, Y., Chistiansen, H., Kooij, J.J.S., Bijlenga, D., Sjöwall, D.·2017·European Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.06.005
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Abstract

Objective: Neuropsychological deficits are of major importance in ADHD, yet no previous studies have assessed clinically referred samples of older adults. The authors compared older adults with ADHD (60–75 years) with both younger adults with ADHD (18–45 years) and older healthy controls with regard to various neuropsychological deficits. Methods: Well-established tests were used to investigate working memory, inhibition, switching, planning, fluency, and speed of processing. Self-ratings of executive functioning and delay-related behaviors were also included. Both variable-oriented and person-oriented analyses were conducted. Results: Older adults with ADHD differed from controls with regard to working memory, inhibition, switching, and delay-related behaviors. In comparison to younger adults with ADHD, they performed at a similar level with regard to working memory and planning, but significantly better with regard to inhibition, switching, fluency, speed of processing, and delay aversion. Despite several significant group differences relative to controls, person-oriented analyses demonstrated that a majority of older adults with ADHD performed within the average range on each test and 20% showed no clear deficit within any neuropsychological domain. Conclusions: The results are in line with models of heterogeneity that have identified different neuropsychological subtypes in ADHD as well as a subgroup of patients without any clear neuropsychological deficits. For older adults with ADHD, it will be important to assess their functioning across time as normal aging is related to memory decline and these patients could therefore end up with severe deficits as they grow older, which in turn could have serious negative effects on daily life functioning.

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Authors
Thorell, L. B., Holst, Y., Chistiansen, H., Kooij, J. J. S., Bijlenga, D., & Sjöwall, D.
Affiliations
  • Karolinska Institutet (SE)
  • Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
  • PsyQ (NL)
Corresponding author
Thorell, L.B.
ORCID
Venue
European Psychiatry
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2017-09
Volume
45
Pages
90-96
ISSN
  • 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
  • 1778-3585
DOI
10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.06.005
OpenAlex
W2730266893
Cited by
39
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2
FWCI
4.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • European Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, older adults, neuropsychological deficits, executive function, working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, planning, processing speed, fluency, age differences, heterogeneity models, normal aging
MeSH terms
Aged, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Mental Processes, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time, Executive Function

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