The effects of emotional lability, mind wandering and sleep quality on ADHD symptom severity in adults with ADHD
Open accessAbstract
Mind wandering, emotional lability and sleep quality are currently mostly independently investigated but are all interlinked and play a major role is adult attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Emotional lability is a core feature of the disorder, excessive mind wandering has recently been linked to symptoms and impairments of ADHD and poor sleep quality is experienced by a clear majority of adults with ADHD. All three phenomena lead to functional impairment in ADHD, however their relationship to each other and to ADHD symptom severity is not well understood. Here we used serial multiple mediation models to examine the influence of mind wandering, sleep quality and emotional lability on ADHD symptom severity. 81 adults diagnosed with ADHD participated in this study. We found that mind wandering and emotional lability predicted ADHD symptom severity and that mind wandering, emotional lability and sleep quality were all linked and significantly contributed to the symptomatology of adult ADHD. Mind wandering was found to lead to emotional lability which in turn lead to ADHD symptom severity; and poor sleep quality was found to exacerbate mind wandering leading to ADHD symptoms. Future research should employ objective on-task measures of mind wandering, sleepiness and emotional lability to investigate the neural basis of these impairing deficits in ADHD.
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Increased mind wandering is negatively correlated with ADHD symptom severity.
“Increased mind wandering is negatively correlated with ADHD symptom severity8,9.”
From Effects of l-theanine–caffeine combination on sustained attention and inhibitory control among children with ADHD: a proof-of-concept neuroimaging RCT (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
Section 1.2 (‘ADHD and mind wandering’; page unavailable) states that spontaneous mind wandering is positively associated with ADHD symptom severity, contrary to the claimed negative correlation. The Discussion also reports that mind wandering predicts ADHD symptom severity. (LLM, conf=0.95)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredImpaired sustained attention and inhibitory control in patients with ADHD is associated with increased task-associated mind wandering.
“Impaired sustained attention and inhibitory control in patients with ADHD is associated with increased task-associated mind wandering8–12.”
From Effects of l-theanine–caffeine combination on sustained attention and inhibitory control among children with ADHD: a proof-of-concept neuroimaging RCT (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
Section 1.2 (page not provided) reports that people with a childhood ADHD diagnosis had more task-unrelated thoughts and that spontaneous mind wandering is associated with ADHD symptom severity. It does not establish an association specifically between impaired sustained attention or inhibitory control and increased mind wandering; it also describes the wandering thoughts as task-unrelated, not task-associated. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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“Mind wandering has been associated with emotional lability and greater ADHD symptom severity (52).”
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- Authors
- Helfer, B., Cooper, R. E., Bozhilova, N., Maltezos, S., Kuntsi, J., & Asherson, P.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Helfer, Bartosz
- Venue
- European Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 55
- Pages
- 45-51
- ISSN
- 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
- 1778-3585
- OpenAlex
- W2899235104
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 3.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (University of Greenwich) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Vifor Pharma (PADWUDB)
- European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (643051)
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, NIHR/MRC (14/23/17)
- Action Medical Research (GN 2315)
- European Union (643051, 602805, 667303)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- adult ADHD, emotional lability, mind wandering, sleep quality, ADHD symptom severity, functional disability, mediation, sleepiness
- MeSH terms
- Sleep Hygiene, Sleep Latency, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Female, Humans, Irritable Mood, Life Change Events, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index, Thinking, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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