gamma-Tocopherol supplementation alone and in combination with alpha-tocopherol alters biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in subjects with metabolic syndrome
Open accessAbstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Prospective clinical trials with alpha-tocopherol (AT) have not yielded positive results. Because AT supplementation decreases circulating gamma-tocopherol (GT), we evaluated supplementation with GT (800 mg/day), AT (800 mg/day), the combination or placebo for 6 weeks alone AT and GT concentrations, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and inflammation in subjects with MetS (n=20/group). Plasma AT and GT levels increased following supplementation with AT alone or GT alone or in combination. AT supplementation significantly decreased GT levels. Urinary alpha- and gamma-CEHC, metabolites of the respective Ts, also increased correspondingly, i.e., alpha-CEHC with AT and gamma-CEHC with GT supplementation, compared to placebo. HsCRP levels significantly decreased in the combined AT+GT group. LPS-activated whole blood release of IL-1 and IL-6 did not change. There was a significant decrease in TNF with AT alone or in combination with GT. Plasma MDA/HNE and lipid peroxides were significantly decreased with AT, GT, or in combination. Nitrotyrosine levels were significantly decreased only with GT or GT+AT but not with AT compared to placebo. Thus, the combination of AT and GT supplementation appears to be superior to either supplementation alone on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation and needs to be tested in prospective clinical trials to elucidate its utility in CVD prevention.
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Weight loss is accompanied by decreased circulating CRP, TNF-a, IL-6, and sICAM-1.
“Weight loss is accompanied by decreased concentrations of circulating mediators of inflammation, such as CRP, TNF-a, IL-6 and sICAM-1 (155,268 -270) , although it is difficult to dissect whether this effect is due to the weight loss per se or to the nature of the diet used to induce weight loss.”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [269]
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- Authors
- Devaraj, S., Leonard, S., Traber, M. G., & Jialal, I.
- Affiliations
- University of California Davis Medical Center (US)
- Oregon State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Devaraj, Sridevi
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1203-1208
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2676174
- OpenAlex
- W2061440677
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK067930, R01DK067930)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R01AT000005, K24AT000596)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Keywords
- gamma-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin E supplementation, metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress, inflammation, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein, lipid peroxidation, nitrotyrosine, TNF-α, cardiovascular disease prevention
- MeSH terms
- Aldehydes, C-Reactive Protein, Double-Blind Method, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Interleukin-1, Lipid Peroxides, Male, Malondialdehyde, Middle Aged, Placebos, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Vitamins, Biomarkers, Interleukin-6, Oxidative Stress, Dietary Supplements, alpha-Tocopherol, gamma-Tocopherol, Metabolic Syndrome
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