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Long-term economic growth projections in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
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“the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, which are widely used in climate change impact assessments to explore societal implications of alternative climate change and development trajectories (186-188), are tacitly founded on the assumption that the future will be devoid of economic growth distortions, political instability, and armed conflict.”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [186]
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“Given that each SSP scenario assumes a specific amount of radiative forcing emitted by the end of the 21st century, each RCP can be combined with the SSP that best describes the economic, social, and environmental trajectories responsible for different climate change scenarios in the future (Dellinink et al. 2017; Jia…”
BackgroundInfluentialde Ruig, L. T., Haer, T., de Moel, H., Orton, P. M., Botzen, W. J. W., & Aerts, J. C. J. H. (2022) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.13905 · Cited by 19
“Shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) (Crespo Cuaresma, 2017; Dellink et al., 2017; Jiang & O’Neill, 2017; KC & Lutz, 2017; Leimbach et al., 2017; Riahi et al., 2017) scenarios were used to represent population growth and economic growth, which have proven to be major drivers in flood risk (Winsemius…”
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Lin, L., Feng, K., Wang, P., Wan, Z., Kong, X., & Li, J. (2022) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102581 · Cited by 18
Achieving near-zero carbon dioxide emissions from energy use: The case of Sri Lanka
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The next hundred years of growth and convergence
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Benveniste, H., Cuaresma, J. C., Gidden, M., & Muttarak, R. (2021) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-021-03133-w · Cited by 23
“Our adjustment of GDP is carried out making use of the GDP projections along the SSP narratives developed by Dellink et al. (2017) as a starting point.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLin, Z., Cai, C., Zhang, Y., Zhu, X., Peng, F., Guo, R., Peng, K., Huang, X., Zhang, Y. J., Chen, G., et al. (2025) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c12188 · Cited by 17
DSCIM-Coastal v1.1: an open-source modeling platform for global impacts of sea level rise
Depsky, N. J., Bolliger, I. W., Allen, D., Choi, J. H., Delgado, M., Greenstone, M., Hamidi, A., Houser, T., Kopp, R. E., & Hsiang, S. (2023) · University of Chicago · doi:10.6082/1svmy-6ns89 · Cited by 17
Doing burden-sharing right to deliver natural climate solutions for carbon dioxide removal
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“Countries’ gross domestic products (GDP) and population projections for these scenarios (income, in billion US$ adjusted to 2010 values) are obtained from the IIASA-SSP Database [36, 37].”
MethodGlobal inequality consequences of climate policies when accounting for avoided climate impacts
Emmerling, J., Andreoni, P., & Tavoni, M. (2023) · Cell Reports Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.crsus.2023.100008 · Cited by 20
He, N., Yin, J., Slater, L. J., Liu, R., Kang, S., Liu, P., Liu, D., & Xiong, L. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174292 · Cited by 17
Dato, P., Dioha, M. O., Hessou, H. T. S., Houenou, B., Mukhaya, B., Okyere, M. A., & Odarno, L. (2025) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126333 · Cited by 27
Hughes, B. B., & Narayan, K. B. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246797 · Cited by 17
“[20] produced TFP and GDP projections at the OECD for the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs).”
BackgroundInfluentialCantele, M., Bal, P., Kompas, T., Hadjikakou, M., & Wintle, B. A. (2021) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2020ef001923 · Cited by 18
Microplastics in global rivers: Sustainable practices
Guo, Y., Ayeri, T., van Puijenbroek, P. J. T. M., & Strokal, M. (2024) · Sustainable Development · doi:10.1002/sd.3279 · Cited by 16
Russell, A. R., van Kooten, G. C., Izett, J. G., & Eiswerth, M. E. (2022) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-022-01608-9 · Cited by 16
“The mitigation scenarios replicate the radiative forcing of the RCPs (as well as other forcing levels), allowing the socioeconomic outcomes of the SSPs to be easily linked to the emission pathways of the RCPs (Dellink et al. 2017).”
BackgroundZhou, J., Jiang, S., Mondal, S. K., Huang, J., Su, B., Kundzewicz, Z. W., Chen, Z., Xu, R., & Jiang, T. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14053065 · Cited by 16
“Within the framework of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway, projections for the global population and GDP growth were harmonized in quantitative aspects [44,45].”
MethodStructural change scenarios within the SSP framework
Leimbach, M., Marcolino, M., & Koch, J. (2023) · Futures · doi:10.1016/j.futures.2023.103156 · Cited by 16
Nong, D., Schandl, H., Lu, Y., & Verikios, G. (2023) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138458 · Cited by 16
Moyer, J. D., Pirzadeh, A., Irfan, M. T., Solorzano, J. R., Stone, B., Xiong, Y., Hanna, T., & Hughes, B. B. (2023) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-023-03611-3 · Cited by 26
“Another study by Deryugina and Hsiang (2014) found that one day with temperatures above 29 degrees Celsius reduces average annual income by approximately .065%.”
BackgroundReevaluating the benefit of flood risk management for flood-prone livelihoods
Yamagami, C., & Kawasaki, A. (2024) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104416 · Cited by 16
Projecting Global Mercury Emissions and Deposition Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
Geyman, B. M., Streets, D., Thackray, C., Olson, C. L., Schaefer, K., & Sunderland, E. (2024) · Earth's Future · doi:10.1029/2023ef004231 · Cited by 8
“The first component, the SSPs, are comprised of five distinct narratives describing alternative courses of societal development, as well as quantitative descriptions of population, economic growth, and urbanization (Dellink et al., 2017; Jiang & O’Neill, 2017; Samir & Lutz, 2017).”
BackgroundFeliX 2.0: An integrated model of climate, economy, environment, and society interactions
Ye, Q., Liu, Q., Swamy, D., Gao, L., Moallemi, E. A., Rydzak, F., & Eker, S. (2024) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106121 · Cited by 21
“Whereas, if no DFs are considered in FeliX 2.0 either, future GWP would still be consistent with the SSP inputs to the other models (Dellink et al., 2017) which do not take climate impacts on economy into account.”
BackgroundInfluentialInnovation and economic growth: An empirical analysis for African countries
Kasongo, A., & Makamu, T. (2024) · African Journal of Science Technology Innovation and Development · doi:10.1080/20421338.2024.2382612 · Cited by 16
“An empirical study conducted in 184 OECD and non-OECD countries highlighted underlying combinations that drive economic growth (Dellink et al. 2017).”
Economic Interplay Forecasting Business Success
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Kurniawan, M. L. A., & A’yun, I. Q. (2022) · Journal of Economics Business and Accountancy Ventura · doi:10.14414/jebav.v24i3.2717 · Cited by 16
Wen, S., Wang, Y., Su, B., Gao, C., Chen, X., Jiang, T., Tao, H., Fischer, T., Wang, G., & Zhai, J. (2018) · International Journal of Climatology · doi:10.1002/joc.5838 · Cited by 16
Global Flood Projection and Socioeconomic Implications Under a Deep Learning Framework
Kang, S., Yin, J., Slater, L. J., Liu, P., Sun, F., Liu, D., & Xia, J. (2025) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2024wr037139 · Cited by 16
“To assess the future socioeconomic landscape, the International Institute for the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD, Dellink et al., 2017) and Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA, Kc & Lutz, 2017) released global estimates of future GDP and population.”
Multidecadal dynamics project slow 21st-century economic growth and income convergence
Burgess, M. G., Langendorf, R. E., Moyer, J. D., Dancer, A., Hughes, B. B., & Tilman, D. G. (2023) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00874-7 · Cited by 20
Adaptation constraints in scenarios of socio-economic development
Theokritoff, E., van Maanen, N., Andrijevic, M., Thomas, A., Lissner, T., & Schleussner, C. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-46931-1 · Cited by 15
Abeysekara, W. C. S. M., Siriwardana, M., & Meng, S. (2023) · Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics · doi:10.1111/1467-8489.12541 · Cited by 19
Creating the Dutch One Health Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs)
Dellar, M., Geerling, G., Kok, K. I., van Bodegom, P. M., Schrama, M. J. J., & Boelee, E. (2024) · Regional Environmental Change · doi:10.1007/s10113-023-02169-1 · Cited by 15
“In our case, the range of values across the SSPs was consistent with the ranges proposed in existing Dutch scenarios, so we decided to use the Dutch population and GDP values from the global SSPs (Cuaresma 2017; Dellink et al. 2017; Leimbach et al. 2017; Riahi et al. 2017; Samir and Lutz 2017).”
Representing gender inequality in scenarios improves understanding of climate challenges
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“Previous research indicates that women’s empowerment, reflected in a better-educated labour force and better employment opportunities, boosts GDP, reduces global poverty and extends healthy life expectancy across all scenarios 74,75 .”
InfluentialThe Impact of Demographic Changes on CO2 Emission Profiles: Cases of East Asian Countries
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“Total factor productivities of individual regions were calibrated to reproduce the real GDP forecast by OECD for the SSP2 scenario [20,21].”
MethodBuongiorno, J. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13105507 · Cited by 15
Future scenarios for earthquake and flood risk in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Murnane, R. J., Daniell, J. E., Schäfer, A. M., Ward, P. J., Winsemius, H., Simpson, A., Tijssen, A., & Toro, J. (2017) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1002/2016ef000481 · Cited by 15
Kennedy, C. A. (2020) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1111/jiec.13014 · Cited by 15
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“Meanwhile, according to Dellink et al. (2017), high-income countries or regions tend to have slower economic growth than low-income groups.”
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World agricultural baseline scenarios through 2050
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Peaking Global and G20 Countries’ CO2 Emissions under the Shared Socio-Economic Pathways
Yuan, K., Feng, C. Q., & Guo, L.-Y. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191711076 · Cited by 14
Climate policy under socio-economic scenario uncertainty
Drouet, L., & Emmerling, J. (2016) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.02.010 · Cited by 15
“…and the GDP and we use the projections, associated with the narratives, as they have been implemented and quantified by the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) (Kc and Lutz, 2014) for population and by the OECD for GDP (Crespo Cuaresma, 2015; Dellink et al., 2015).”
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Impacts of sea level rise and adaptation across Asia and the Pacific
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“Since long-term demographic and economic trends as well adaptation actions are highly uncertain 18 it is essential to isolate the effect of climate change.”
Marginal Damage of Methane Emissions: Ozone Impacts on Agriculture
Sampedro, J., WALDHOFF, S. T., Sarofim, M. C., & Dingenen, R. V. (2023) · Environmental and Resource Economics · doi:10.1007/s10640-022-00750-6 · Cited by 13
“2014), which present five different narratives with different demographic and economic assumptions (Dellink et al. 2017; Samir and Lutz 2017); energy-system assumptions on electricity technologies, fuel preferences, or building energy demands; future agricultural yield improvement rates; and food demands.”
BackgroundNarayan, K., O'Neill, B., Waldhoff, S. T., & Tebaldi, C. (2023) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/acbdb0 · Cited by 12
Assessing environmental impacts of response strategies for sustainable food system transformation
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Projected patterns of land uses in Africa under a warming climate
Yahaya, I. O., Xu, R., Zhou, J., Jiang, S., Su, B., Huang, J., Cheng, J., Dong, Z., & Jiang, T. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-61035-0 · Cited by 13
“According to 76 , GDP per capita is projected to increase in all African countries.”
BackgroundResultHow will global trade patterns evolve in the long run?
Bekkers, E., Corong, E., Métivier, J., & Orlov, D. (2024) · World Economy · doi:10.1111/twec.13575 · Cited by 12
Navigating and attributing uncertainty in future tropical cyclone risk estimates
Meiler, S., Kropf, C. M., McCaughey, J. W., Lee, C., Camargo, S. J., Sobel, A. H., Bloemendaal, N., Emanuel, K., & Bresch, D. N. (2025) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adn4607 · Cited by 18
“Three alternative GDP interpretations by the OECD ( 44 ), the IIASA ( 45 ), and the PIK ( 46 ) are considered, which, despite being based on the same SSP assumptions for economic growth determinants, vary in methods and results.”
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Changes of total and artificial water bodies in inland China over the past three decades
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Quan, T., & Quan, T. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15020965 · Cited by 13
“…(TFP) research paradigm in the framework of neoclassical economics, TFP has been widely used as an important indicator of production efficiency and economic growth quality because it excludes the degree of optimization of resource allocation other than all tangible factors of production [9,10].”
Benlaria, H., Almawishir, N. F. S., Saadaoui, S., Mohammed, S. M., Abdulrahman, B. M. A., & Eltahir, I. A. E. (2023) · Economies · doi:10.3390/economies11060162 · Cited by 13
“With R&D support, entrepreneurs have access to the resources they need to develop and test new products, services, and technologies (Gimenez-Fernandez et al. 2020; Dellink et al. 2017).”
BackgroundRikani, A., & Schewe, J. (2021) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2021.45.4 · Cited by 13
“We run the model until 2100 using projected GDP changes under the five Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (Dellink et al. 2017) and projected natural population change from the UN World Population Prospects 2019 (United Nations 2019b) zero-migration variant.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAn integrated assessment of a low coal low nuclear future energy system for Taiwan
Bergero, C., Binsted, M. T., Chao, C., Chou, K.-T., Wu, C., Wei, Y., Yarlagadda, B., & McJeon, H. C. (2020) · Energy and Climate Change · doi:10.1016/j.egycc.2020.100022 · Cited by 13
Understanding why degrowth is absent from mitigation scenarios
Cointe, B., & Pottier, A. (2023) · Revue de la régulation · doi:10.4000/regulation.23034 · Cited by 13
Peatland restoration in Germany: A dynamic general equilibrium analysis
Willenbockel, D. (2024) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108187 · Cited by 12
Karner, K., Mitter, H., Sinabell, F., & Schönhart, M. (2024) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107183 · Cited by 12
Bjerke, J. W., López‐Blanco, E., Tømmervik, H., Striberny, A., Davids, C., Ólafsdóttir, R., Karlsen, S. R., Sandström, P., Turunen, M. T., Rikkonen, T., et al. (2024) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.105012 · Cited by 19
Improving future agricultural sustainability by optimizing crop distributions in China
Guan, Q., Tang, J., Davis, K. F., Kong, M., Feng, L., Shi, K., & Schurgers, G. (2024) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae562 · Cited by 14
“We then forecasted future per capita calorie demand based on the previously projected SSP-specific GDPs in the 21 st century (64).”
Roadmap to reach global net-zero emissions for developing regions by 2085
Acharya, G., Paudel, P., Arent, D. J., Gaura, E. I., & Paudel, S. R. (2025) · Cell Reports Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.crsus.2025.100306 · Cited by 14
Motta, C., Naumann, G., Gomez, D., Formetta, G., & Feyen, L. (2025) · Journal of Hydrology Regional Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102296 · Cited by 12
Zhang, H., & Hu, W. (2025) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108661 · Cited by 13
A Sustainable Pathway of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage Deployment
Kato, E., Moriyama, R., & Kurosawa, A. (2017) · Energy Procedia · doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1748 · Cited by 11
Potential heat-risk avoidance from nationally determined emission reductions targets in the future
Wang, F., Zheng, B., Zhang, J., Zhou, Y., & Jia, M. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac66f4 · Cited by 12
“Future projections of population and GDP under SSPs scenarios are derived from International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA, Kc and Lutz 2017) and Organization for Economic Co-operation andDevelopment (OECD, Dellink et al 2017).”
MethodMaking the Most of Demographic Change in Southern Africa
Ahmed, S. A., & Cruz, M. (2016) · World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks · doi:10.1596/1813-9450-7798 · Cited by 12
“13 Table 1: Baseline and scenarios with five dividend-enhancing interventions Scenario Key features Purpose Baseline Population projections from UN (2015) medium fertility variant scenario; economic growth projections from World Bank (2015b) and Dellink et al. (2015); employment ratios held constant; constant educatio…”
BackgroundDefining a Sustainable Development Target Space for 2030 and 2050Preprint
van Vuuren, D. P., Zimm, C., Busch, S., Kriegler, E., Leininger, J., Messner, D., Nakićenović, N., Rockström, J., Riahi, K., Sperling, F., et al. (2021) · One Earth · doi:10.31223/x5b62b · Cited by 12
Development of common socio-economic scenarios for climate change impact assessments in JapanPreprint
Yoshikawa, S., Takahashi, K., Wu, W., Matsuhashi, K., & Mimura, N. (2022) · doi:10.5194/gmd-2022-169 · Cited by 12
Joshi, S., Zakeri, B., Mittal, S., Mastrucci, A., Holloway, P., Krey, V., Shukla, P. R., Gallachóir, B. Ó., & Glynn, J. D. M. (2024) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03378-x · Cited by 12
Italian urban tourism predictions using the holiday Climate Index
Mazzarano, M., Galluccio, G., & Borghesi, S. (2024) · Tourism Economics · doi:10.1177/13548166241277858 · Cited by 11
“A similar approach has been used to predict economic activity at the local level, using a statistical methodology called downscaling (Dellink et al., 2017; Murakami et al., 2021; Rizzati et al., 2023).”
Income and inequality pathways consistent with eradicating poverty
Min, J., Soergel, B., Kikstra, J., Koch, J., & van Ruijven, B. J. (2024) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad7b5d · Cited by 11
“The GDP quantification starts from an updated version (Koch and Leimbach 2023) of the GDP/capita marker pathways for the original SSP1 scenario (Dellink et al 2017).”
Qian, X.-Y., Yu, Y.-Y., Yan, S.-Y., & Jiang, H.-D. (2025) · Economic Analysis and Policy · doi:10.1016/j.eap.2025.03.019 · Cited by 11
Islam, M. M., Mariev, O. S., & Sohag, K. (2025) · Energy Strategy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.esr.2025.101699 · Cited by 11
Kim, H., Lee, Y., Koo, J., & Yeo, M. J. (2025) · Energy Sustainable Development/Energy for sustainable development · doi:10.1016/j.esd.2025.101721 · Cited by 11
Foster, G. (2020) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2020.101533 · Cited by 12
Jiang, D., Chang, Y., Zhong, F., Yao, W., Zhang, Y., Ding, X., & Huang, C. (2021) · Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja · doi:10.1080/1331677x.2021.1968309 · Cited by 11
“In terms of data selection and parameter setting, many previous studies adopted global averages to set Chinese parameters (Crespo Cuaresma, 2017; Dellink et al., 2017; Leimbach et al., 2017) or their parameter sources were ambiguous (Huang et al., 2019; Jiang et al., 2018).”
Climate change and international migration: Exploring the macroeconomic channel
Rikani, A., Frieler, K., & Schewe, J. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276764 · Cited by 13
Nyairo, R., Hasegawa, T., Fujimori, S., Wu, W., & Takahashi, K. (2022) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2022.106426 · Cited by 12
Gusti, M. I., Forsell, N., Havlík, P., Khabarov, N., Kraxner, F., & Obersteiner, M. H. (2018) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-018-9817-9 · Cited by 11
“Assessment Framework, population and GDP follow SSP2 scenario (Dellink et al. 2017),”
BackgroundMethodClimate Change, Population Growth, and Population Pressure
Henderson, J. V., Jang, B. Y., Storeygard, A., & Weil, D. N. (2024) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w32145 · Cited by 14
Buongiorno, J. (2019) · Forest Policy and Economics · doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2019.101967 · Cited by 10
Cristea, D. S., Zamfir, C. G., Simionov, I.-A., Forțea, C., Ionescu, R., Zlati, M. L., Antohi, V. M., Munteanu, D., & Petrea, Ș. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.1005806 · Cited by 10
“developed a methodology for the projection of GDP trends based on the main indicators of economic growth (population, total factor productivity, physical capital, employment, human capital, and energy and fossil fuel resources) (Dellink et al., 2017).”
MethodVafeidis, A. T., Reimann, L., Ellen, G. J., Göransson, G., Koers, G. J., Well, L. V., Vollstedt, B., Tsakiris, M., & Oen, A. M. P. (2024) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su16062578 · Cited by 10
“…narrative and projections of several variables that have been produced on a national level, such as population [62] , urbanization [63], and GDP [64] . compiled in order to explore how drivers of socioeconomic development are embedded in the global to regional scale, which is an important…”
BackgroundMillward-Hopkins, J., Saheb, Y., & Hickel, J. (2024) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2024.103813 · Cited by 14
Predicting the Water Rebound Effect in China under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
Guo, A., Zhang, R., Song, X., Zhong, F., Jiang, D., & Song, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18031326 · Cited by 10
Subjective Well-Being at the Macro Level—Empirics and Future Scenarios
Emmerling, J., Navarro, P., & Sisco, M. R. (2021) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-021-02670-2 · Cited by 10
Nakamura, R., & Kawasaki, A. (2022) · Economics of Disasters and Climate Change · doi:10.1007/s41885-022-00112-y · Cited by 1
Global climate policy with differentiated carbon price floors
Château, J., Jaumotte, F., & Schwerhoff, G. (2023) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2023.2205376 · Cited by 10
Sandoval, N., Reyna, J., & Landis, A. E. (2023) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113632 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Dellink, R., Chateau, J., Lanzi, E., & Magné, B.
- Affiliations
- Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Dellink, Rob
- Venue
- Global Environmental Change
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-01
- Volume
- 42
- Pages
- 200-214
- ISSN
- 0959-3780 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W793980422
- Cited by
- 893
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 106 · 2022: 117 · 2021: 129 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 37
- FWCI
- 93.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Global Environmental Change (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic Growth and Productivity
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
- Keywords
- Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, GDP per capita, convergence, total factor productivity, population growth, physical capital, employment, human capital, fossil fuel resources, energy resources, economic crisis
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