Gyroscope vs. accelerometer measurements of motion from wrist PPG during physical exercise
Open accessAbstract
Many wearable devices include PPG (photoplethysmography) sensors for non-invasive heart rate monitoring. However, PPG signals are heavily corrupted by motion interference, and rely on simultaneous motion measurements to remove the interference. Accelerometers are used commonly, but cannot differentiate between acceleration due to movement and acceleration due to gravity. This paper compares measurements of motion using accelerometers and gyroscopes to give a more complete estimate of wrist motion. Results show the two sensor signals are very different, with low correlations present. When used in a wrist PPG heart rate algorithm gyroscope motion estimates obtain better performance in half of the cases.
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Secondary sensors can be integrated into PPG sensors to detect motion, including accelerometers, gyroscopes, piezoelectric transducers, or another wavelength of light as a motion reference.
“As implemented by consumer-grade HR monitors, secondary sensors can also be integrated into PPG sensors to detect motion. These include accelerometers [175,176,177,178,179], gyroscopes [179,180], piezoelectric transducers [181], or the utilization of another wavelength of light as a motion reference [182,183].”
From Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring (2021) · cites this paper as [179]
Accelerometers and gyroscopes are the standards, but when trying to measure micro motions such as finger tapping, they do not always pick up on the motion because the wrist remains still.
“Accelerometers and gyroscopes are the standards, but when trying to measure micro motions such as finger tapping, accelerometers and gyroscopes do not always pick up on the motion because the wrist remains still.”
From Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring (2021) · cites this paper as [179]
Accelerometers are most common in wearables, but gyroscopes are appropriate when it is necessary to differentiate acceleration due to gravity versus acceleration due to movement.
“Accelerometers are most common in wearables, but gyroscopes are appropriate when it is necessary to differentiate acceleration due to gravity versus acceleration due to movement [39].”
From Wearables and the Medical Revolution (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
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Cites
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Motion Artifact Reduction for Wrist-Worn Photoplethysmograph Sensors Based on Different Wavelengths
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Lee, H., Chung, H., Kim, J.-W., & Lee, J. (2019) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2019.2894640 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Casson, A. J., Vazquez Galvez, A., & Jarchi, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Casson, Alexander J.
- Venue
- ICT Express
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 175-179
- ISSN
- 2405-9595 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2559813628
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- ICT Express (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Open Access at Essex (University of Essex) (acceptedVersion)
- Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- UK EPSRC Research Council (EP/M009262/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- photoplethysmography, heart rate monitoring, accelerometer, gyroscope, motion artifacts, physical activity, wearable sensors, sensor fusion, motion estimation
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