Prospective cohort study of hostility and the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality
Abstract
Background Recent literature reviews have questioned hostility as a risk factor for heart disease. However, controversy persists due to the rarity of large-scale prospective cohort studies of initially healthy populations.Methods We prospectively investigated the association between hostility and cardiovascular (and all-cause) mortality among 20,550 men and women, 41-80 years of age, participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk), United Kingdom study. Participants were recruited by post from general practice age-sex registers and subsequently attended health checks that included the assessment of coronary disease risk factors. Hostility assessment was completed by postal questionnaire.Results During mean follow-up of 6 years, 1284 deaths were recorded including 481 from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hostility was not associated with CVD mortality, after adjustment for age and prevalent disease, in either men (rate ratio for a 1 SD decrease in hostility score, representing increased hostility, 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.98-1.22) or in women (rate ratio 1.00; 95% confidence interval 0.86-1.26). Subgroup analysis suggested hostility may be associated with CVD mortality (independent of age, prevalent disease and cigarette smoking) for participants reporting very high hostility and for those aged less than 60 years.Conclusions Hostility was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in this population study of older adults.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Hostility elevated 6-year CVD mortality in mixed-gender community samples.
“elevated 6-year CVD mortality [166]”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [166]
Cites
Proposed hostility and Pharisaic-virtue scales for the MMPI.
Cook, W. W., & Medley, D. M. (1954) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0060667 · Cited by 1,489 · see citing works
ASSOCIATION OF SPECIFIC OVERT BEHAVIOR PATTERN WITH BLOOD AND CARDIOVASCULAR FINDINGS
Friedman, M. (1959) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1959.03000290012005 · Cited by 1,483 · see citing works
Hemingway, H., & Marmot, M. G. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7196.1460 · Cited by 1,342 · see citing works
Rosenman, R. H. (1975) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.233.8.872 · Cited by 1,278 · see citing works
Fowkes, F. G. R., Housley, E., Cawood, E. H. H., Macintyre, C. C. A., Ruckley, C. V., & Prescott, R. J. (1991) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/20.2.384 · Cited by 1,179 · see citing works
Haynes, S., Feinleib, M., & Kannel, W. B. (1980) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112873 · Cited by 915 · see citing works
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS TO CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY
Haynes, S., Levine, S., Scotch, N. A., Feinleib, M., & Kannel, W. B. (1978) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112556 · Cited by 800 · see citing works
Khaw, K., Bingham, S. A., Welch, A. A., Luben, R., Wareham, N. J., Oakes, S., & Day, N. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04128-3 · Cited by 576 · see citing works
Self-citation“Stress” and coronary heart disease: psychosocial risk factors
Bunker, S. J., Colquhoun, D. M., Esler, M. D., Hickie, I. B., Hunt, D., Jelinek, V. M., Oldenburg, B. F., Peach, H. G., Ruth, D., Tennant, C. C., et al. (2003) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2003.tb05193.x · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Friedman, M., Rosenman, R. H., Carroll, V., & Tat, R. J. (1958) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.17.5.852 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Hostility, Risk of Coronary Heart Disease, and Mortality
Shekelle, R. B., Gale, M., Ostfeld, A. M., & Paul, O. (1983) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198305000-00003 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Coronary heart disease in the Western collaborative group study. A follow-up experience of two years
Rosenman, R. H. (1966) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.195.2.86 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Kuper, H., Marmot, M., & Hemingway, H. (2002) · Seminars in Vascular Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2002-35401 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Psychosocial Factors and Risk of Hypertension
Yan, L. L., Liu, K., Matthews, K. A., Daviglus, M. L., Ferguson, T. F., & Kiefe, C. I. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.16.2138 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Smith, T. W., & Ruiz, J. M. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.70.3.548 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
TYPE A BEHAVIOR PATTERN AND CORONARY DISEASE RISK UPDATE AND CRITICAL EVALUATION
Matthews, K. A., & HAYNES, S. C. (1986) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114347 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
A Prospective Study of Anger and Coronary Heart Disease
Kawachi, I. I., Sparrow, D., Spiro, A., Vokonas, P., & Weiss, S. T. (1996) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.94.9.2090 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Everson, S. A., Kauhanen, J., Kaplan, G. A., Goldberg, D. E., Julkunen, J., Tuomilehto, J., & Salonen, J. T. (1997) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009245 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Barefoot, J. C., Larsen, S., von der Lieth, L., & Schroll, M. (1995) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117663 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
THE MRFIT BEHAVIOR PATTERN STUDY
Shekelle, R. B., Hulley, S. B., Neaton, J. D., Billings, J. H., Borhani, N. O., Gerace, T. A., Jacobs, D. R., Lasser, N. L., Mittlemark, M. B., & Stamler, J. (1985) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114135 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Smith, T. W., & Ruiz, J. M. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.70.3.548 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
EPIC-Norfolk: Study design and characteristics of the cohort
Day, N., Oakes, S., Luben, R., Khaw, K., Bingham, S., Welch, A., & Wareham, N. (1999) · UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Self-citationHostility as a risk factor for mortality and ischemic heart disease in men.
Koskenvuo, M., Kaprio, J., Rose, R. J., Kesäniemi, A., Sarna, S., Heikkilä, K., & Langinvainio, H. (1988) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198807000-00002 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Blood Viscosity and Elevated Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Men and Women
Lee, A. J., Mowbray, P. I., Lowe, G. D. O., Rumley, A., Fowkes, F. G. R., & Allan, P. L. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.97.15.1467 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Meta-analyses of prospective studies on coronary heart disease, type A personality, and hostility
Myrtek, M. (2001) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(01)00441-7 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Construct validity and sex differences in Cook-Medley hostility
Greenglass, E. R., & Julkunen, J. (1989) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90206-7 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
CORONARY HEART DISEASE MORTALITY IN THE WESTERN COLLABORATIVE GROUP STUDY
Ragland, D. R., & BRAND, R. J. (1988) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114823 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Matthews, K. A., Gump, B. B., Harris, K. F., Haney, T. L., & Barefoot, J. C. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000105766.33142.13 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Functional health status, chronic medical conditions and disorders of mood
Surtees, P. G., Wainwright, N. W. J., Khaw, K., & Day, N. (2003) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.183.4.299 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationProspective Study of a Self-Report Type A Scale and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Kawachi, I. I., Sparrow, D., Kubzansky, L. D., Spiro, A., Vokonas, P., & Weiss, S. T. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.98.5.405 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Places, people, and their physical and mental functional health
Wainwright, N. W. J., & Surtees, P. G. (2004) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.2003.012518 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationWhiteman, M., Deary, I. J., Lee, A. J., & Fowkes, F. G. R. (1997) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)03141-8 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Personality and Social Predictors of Atherosclerotic Progression: Edinburgh Artery Study
Whiteman, M. C., Deary, I. J., & Fowkes, F. G. R. (2000) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200009000-00015 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Hostile personality and risks of peripheral arterial disease in the general population.
Deary, I. J., Fowkes, F. G. R., Donnan, P. T., & Housley, E. (1994) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199405000-00004 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Surtees, P. G., Wainwright, N. W. J., & Khaw, K. (2004) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802636 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Personality Deviance Scales: Their development, associations, factor structure and restructuring
Deary, I. J., Bedford, A., & Fowkes, F. G. R. (1995) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(95)00061-a · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Whiteman, M. C., Bedford, A., Grant, E. K., Fowkes, F. G. R., & Deary, I. J. (2001) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00134-3 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Bedford, A., & Foulds, G. A. (1978) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t12509-000 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Surtees, P. G., Wainwright, N. W. J., Khaw, K., Luben, R., Brayne, C., & Day, N. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00347-1 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Personality Deviance Scales (PDS): cross-validation, item analyses and scale development
Bedford, A., & Deary, I. J. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00201-5 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Roberts, B. W., Kuncel, N. R., Shiner, R., Caspi, A., & Goldberg, L. R. (2007) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00047.x · Cited by 2,361 · see citing works
The Association of Anger and Hostility With Future Coronary Heart Disease
Chida, Y., & Steptoe, A. (2009) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.11.044 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Personality and Risk of Physical Illness
Smith, T. W., & MacKenzie, J. J. (2006) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095257 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Chapman, B. P., Roberts, B., & Duberstein, P. (2011) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.4061/2011/759170 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
“Hostility also conferred 3-year CVD and all-cause mortality in midlife Finnish men [164], elevated 25-year all-cause mortality in a mixed-gender midlife sample in Denmark [165], elevated 6year CVD mortality [166], and 16-year all-cause mortality, [167] in mixed-gender community samples, the latter even with mean ages…”
BackgroundLow, C. A., Thurston, R. C., & Matthews, K. A. (2010) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181f6934f · Cited by 184 · see citing works
The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology
(2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Perceived Level of Life Enjoyment and Risks of Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and Mortality
Shirai, K., Iso, H., Ohira, T., Ikeda, A., Noda, H., Honjo, K., Inoue, M., & Tsugane, S. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.834176 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Hostility, Anger Control, and Anger Expression as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease
Haukkala, A., Konttinen, H. M., Laatikainen, T. K., Kawachi, I. I., & Uutela, A. K. (2010) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181dbab87 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The development of personality across the lifespan
Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.015 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Temperament and brain networks of attention
Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (2018) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2017.0254 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Lemogne, C., Nabi, H., Zins, M., Cordier, S., Ducimetière, P., Goldberg, M., & Consoli, S. M. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000286961 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Reisenzein, R., & Weber, H. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.007 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Does personality predict mortality? Results from the GAZEL French prospective cohort study
Nabi, H., Kivimaki, M., Zins, M., Elovainio, M., Consoli, S. M., Cordier, S., Ducimetiere, P., Goldberg, M., & Singh-Manoux, A. (2008) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyn013 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-regulation and control in personality functioning
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.027 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Personality in cross-cultural perspective
Dragūns, J. G. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.035 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Ben‐Eliyahu, A., & Zeidner, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.041 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Caffeine and Activation Theory
(2006) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420006568 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Observed Hostility and the Risk of Incident Ischemic Heart Disease
Newman, J. D., Davidson, K. W., Shaffer, J. A., Schwartz, J. E., Chaplin, W. F., Kirkland, S., & Shimbo, D. (2011) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.04.044 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bu, S. Y., Kang, M., Kim, E., & Choi, M. (2012) · Preventive Nutrition and Food Science · doi:10.3746/pnf.2012.17.2.093 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
DeYoung, C. G., & Blain, S. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.026 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Triggers and the Onset of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Hammoudeh, A. J., & Alhaddad, I. A. (2009) · Cardiology in Review · doi:10.1097/crd.0b013e3181bdba75 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Reisenzein, R., Hildebrandt, A., & Weber, H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.009 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Hostility and Change in Cognitive Function Over Time in Older Blacks and Whites
Barnes, L. L., de Leon, C. F. M., Bienias, J. L., Wilson, R. S., Everson‐Rose, S. A., & Evans, D. A. (2009) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181a651b3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Schulman, J. K., & Stromberg, S. F. (2007) · Cardiology in Review · doi:10.1097/01.crd.0000246318.59658.25 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Klabbers, G., Bosma, H., Kempen, G. I. J. M., Benzeval, M., van den Akker, M., & van Eijk, J. T. M. (2013) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9493-x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Robinson, M. D., & Sedikides, C. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.031 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Five-Factor Model of Personality: Consensus and Controversy
McCrae, R. R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.013 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Burazeri, G., & Kark, J. D. (2010) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckp238 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Psychophysiological reactions to music in male coronary patients and healthy controls
Gupta, U., & Gupta, B. S. (2014) · Psychology of Music · doi:10.1177/0305735614536754 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Nutrients intake, and serum calcium and phosphorus levels: An evidence‐based study
Jafari‐Giv, Z., Avan, A., Hamidi, F., Tayefi, M., Khayyatzadeh, S. S., Javandoost, A., Nematy, M., Ferns, G. A., & Mobarhan, M. G. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis · doi:10.1002/jcla.22235 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Burch, G. S. J., & Anderson, N. R. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.046 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Evolutionary Personality Psychology
Lewis, D. M. G., Al-Shawaf, L., & Buss, D. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.022 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Development of Personality across the Life Span
Atherton, O. E., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.017 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Grothe, K. B., Bodenlos, J. S., Whitehead, D., Olivier, J., & Brantley, P. J. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-008-9112-0 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
South, S. C., Reichborn‐Kjennerud, T., Eaton, N. R., & Krueger, R. F. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop205001 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Approach–Avoidance Theories of Personality
Corr, P. J., & Krupıć, D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.025 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Caprara, G. V., & Vecchione, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.038 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Conceptual and Historical Perspectives
Cloninger, S. C. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.004 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Personality, Preferences and Socioeconomic Behavior
Ferguson, E., Zhao, K., & Smillie, L. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.044 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Temperament and Brain Networks of Attention
Rothbart, M. K., Posner, M. I., & Sheese, B. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.016 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
10 The Prospective Cohort Study
Nabi, H., Goldberg, M., Singh‐Manoux, A., Zins, M., Consoli, S. M., & Cordier, S. (2009) · Thieme eBooks · doi:10.1055/b-0034-71807 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Biesanz, J. C., & Wallace, J. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.006 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Personality in Clinical Psychology
Widiger, T. A., & McCabe, G. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.042 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
States and Situations, Traits and Environments
Asendorpf, J. B., & Rauthmann, J. F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.007 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Emotions and Cardiovascular Disease
Weidner, G., & Spaderna, H. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-384978-6.00065-0 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Personality Traits and Mental Disorders
Hakulinen, C. A., Jokela, M. M., Mika Kivimaki, B., & Elovainio, M. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.018 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Anxiety, Depression and Cognitive Dysfunction
Eysenck, M. W., & Holmes, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.033 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Salgado, J. F., Anderson, N. R., & Moscoso, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.040 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Models of Personality Structure
Raad, B. D., & Barelds, D. P. H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.012 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Cognitive Processes and Models
Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.028 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Moyano‐Díaz, E., Icaza, G., Mujica, V., Núñez, L., Elba Leiva, M., Vásquez, M., & Palomo, I. F. (2011) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · doi:10.14349/rlp.v43i3.766 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Psychosocial Factors in Coronary Heart Disease
Gidron, Y. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-18893-1_4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Basic Needs, Goals and Motivation
Szalma, J. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.030 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Personality in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Dragūns, J. G., & Tanaka‐Matsumi, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.037 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Narrative Identity in the Social World
McLean, K. C., Syed, M., Haraldsson, K. G., & Lowe, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.035 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lynam, D. R., Vize, C. E., & Miller, J. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.043 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Jayawickreme, E., & Zachry, C. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.032 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kaway, P., Wada, K., Yamakawa, M., Koda, S., Uji, T., Oba, S., & Nagata, C. (2021) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2020.8739 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.020 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Models of Physical Health and Personality
Heilmayr, D., & Friedman, H. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.019 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sallis, H., Smith, G. D., & Munafo, M. R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.024 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-Regulation and Control in Personality Functioning
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.029 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Risk Factors for Ischemic Heart Disease in Women
Shen, B., Maeda, U., Eisenberg, S., & Merz, C. N. B. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-85960-6_7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Personality in Nonhuman Animals
Bell, A. M., & Bensky, M. K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.023 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Weiß, A., & Deary, I. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Personality and the Unconscious
Perugini, M., Richetin, J., & Costantini, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.008 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Carroll, J. (2010) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Multifactorial Model of Cardiovascular Pathology
Smith, B. D., Gholkar, R., Mann, M., & Toward, N. (2006) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420006568.ch5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.001 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Addendum: Statistical Analyses and Computer Programming in Personality
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.045 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Anger Control and Cardiovascular Disease
Haukkala, A. (2014) · doi:10.1002/9781118453940.ch11
Klabbers-Gartsen, A. B. A. (2012) · doi:10.26481/dis.20120614ak
Personality Assessment Methods
Boyle, G. J., & Helmes, E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.011
Schermer, J. A., & Saklofske, D. H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.014
Social Relations and Social Support
Austin, E. Q., Knack, J. M., Jensen‐Campbell, L. A., & Rex‐Lear, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.036
Paiva, S. D. A. (2014) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2014.927991
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.002
(2006) · Wiley Handbook of Current and Emerging Drug Therapies · doi:10.1002/9780470041000.cedt024
Depression in patients with cardiovascular disease - can be treated safely?
Kitzlerová, E. (2021) · Medicína pro praxi · doi:10.36290/med.2021.053
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.046
- Authors
- Surtees, P. G., Wainwright, N. W. J., Luben, R., Day, N. E., & Khaw, K.-T.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Surtees, Paul G.
- Venue
- International Journal of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 155-161
- ISSN
- 0167-5273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2018106508
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Food Standards Agency
- Research Councils UK
- European Commission
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- hostility, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular risk factors, personality traits, EPIC-Norfolk cohort, older adults, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Disease, Female, Hostility, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Prospective Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
