Cited by 126Tryptophan and brain disordersTreatment of Major DepressionStress Responses and Cortisol

Stimulatory effect of antidepressants on the production of IL-6

Kubera, Marta, Kenis, Gunter, Bosmans, Eugene, Kajta, Małgorzata, Basta-Kaim, Agnieszka, Scharpe, Simon, Budziszewska, Bogusława, Maes, Michael·2004·International Immunopharmacology

Abstract

A body of evidence indicates that the therapeutic activity of antidepressants is connected with their modulatory effect on the inflammatory response system and cell-mediated immunity. The present study was carried out to examine the effects of antidepressant agents, such as imipramne, venlafaxine, l-5-hydroxytryptophan, fluoxetine and a combination of l-5-hydroxytryptophan and fluoxetine, on the production of the pleotrophic cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6. Diluted whole blood from fluoxetine-treated patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) (mean age: 50.6+/-3.9 years), age-matched healthy controls (mean age: 51.6+/-1.7 years) and younger healthy volunteers (mean age: 35.4+/-1.7 years) was stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 48 h with or without incubation with the antidepressants at 10(-6) and 10(-5) M. The major findings of this study are: (1). imipramine and venlafaxine (at the higher concentration), 5-HTP (at lower and higher concentrations) and a combination of 5-HTP and fluoxetine (both at the lower concentration) increased the production of IL-6; (2). all drugs used did not affect TNF-alpha production. IL-6 production was significantly higher in depressed patients than in age-matched volunteers, whereas TNF-alpha production was significantly higher in older volunteers than in younger ones. We speculate that the therapeutic activity of these antidepressants is at least partly connected with their effect on the cytokine network and IL-6 production.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.intimp.2003.11.006

Cites

41 of 41 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 43 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kubera, M., Kenis, G., Bosmans, E., Kajta, M., Basta-Kaim, A., Scharpe, S., Budziszewska, B., & Maes, M.
Affiliations
  • Maj Institute of Pharmacology (PL)
  • Vanderbilt University (US)
Corresponding author
Kubera, Marta
Venue
International Immunopharmacology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-02
Volume
4
Issue
2
Pages
185-192
ISSN
1567-5769 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2040924241
Cited by
126
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
FWCI
1.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • International Immunopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
antidepressants, interleukin-6, TNF-α, imipramine, venlafaxine, 5-hydroxytryptophan, fluoxetine, treatment-resistant depression, cytokine production, inflammation, cell-mediated immunity, phytohemagglutinin, lipopolysaccharide
MeSH terms
Venlafaxine Hydrochloride, Adult, Age Factors, Aging, Antidepressive Agents, Blood Cells, Cyclohexanols, Depressive Disorder, Drug Combinations, Female, Fluoxetine, Humans, 5-Hydroxytryptophan, Imipramine, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, In Vitro Techniques

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review