Cited by 235Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersEpigenetics and DNA Methylation

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Epigenetics

Grafodatskaya, Daria, Chung, Brian, Szatmari, Peter, Weksberg, Rosanna·2010·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

Abstract

Objective Current research suggests that the causes of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are multifactorial and include both genetic and environmental factors. Several lines of evidence suggest that epigenetics also plays an important role in ASD etiology and that it might, in fact, integrate genetic and environmental influences to dysregulate neurodevelopmental processes. The objective of this review is to illustrate how epigenetic modifications that are known to alter gene expression without changing primary DNA sequence may play a role in the etiology of ASD.Method In this review, we summarize current knowledge about epigenetic modifications to genes and genomic regions possibly involved in the etiology of ASD.Results Several genetic syndromes comorbid with ASD, which include Rett, Fragile X, Prader-Willi, Angelman, and CHARGE (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the nasal choanae, Retardation of growth and/or development, Genital and/or urinary abnormalities, and Ear abnormalities and deafness), all demonstrate dysregulation of epigenetic marks or epigenetic mechanisms. We report also on genes or genomic regions exhibiting abnormal epigenetic regulation in association with either syndromic (15q11-13 maternal duplication) or nonsyndromic forms of ASD. Finally, we discuss the state of current knowledge regarding the etiologic role of environmental factors linked to both the development of ASD and epigenetic dysregulation.Conclusion Data reviewed in this article highlight a variety of situations in which epigenetic dysregulation is associated with the development of ASD, thereby supporting a role for epigenetics in the multifactorial etiologies of ASD.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.005

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Authors
Grafodatskaya, D., Chung, B., Szatmari, P., & Weksberg, R.
Affiliations
Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
Corresponding author
Weksberg, Rosanna
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-08
Volume
49
Issue
8
Pages
794-809
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1986743339
Cited by
235
References
183
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 22
FWCI
1.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, epigenetics, epigenetic dysregulation, ASD etiology, brain development, Rett syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, CHARGE syndrome, environmental factors, gene expression regulation
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, Fragile X Syndrome, Humans, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Turner Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, Comorbidity, Angelman Syndrome, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Epigenesis, Genetic, Genetic Association Studies, Megalencephaly, CHARGE Syndrome

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