DNA methylation landscapes: Provocative insights from epigenomics
Abstract
The genomes of many animals, plants and fungi are tagged by methylation of DNA cytosine. To understand the biological significance of this epigenetic mark it is essential to know where in the genome it is located. New techniques are making it easier to map DNA methylation patterns on a large scale and the results have already provided surprises. In particular, the conventional view that DNA methylation functions predominantly to irreversibly silence transcription is being challenged. Not only is promoter methylation often highly dynamic during development, but many organisms also seem to target DNA methylation specifically to the bodies of active genes.
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In intragenic regions, increased methylation results in a proportionally increased transcription rate, while hypomethylation leads to reduced transcription levels.
“here, increased levels of methylation (i.e.hypermethylation) result in a proportionally increased transcription rate and vice versa hypomethylation leads to reduced transcription levels (Suzuki & Bird, 2008)”
From The applied implications of epigenetics in anxiety, affective and stress-related disorders - A review and synthesis on psychosocial stress, psychotherapy and prevention (2020) · cites this paper as Suzuki & Bird, 2008
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“This could potentially explain the observations made in this study as well as others (Eckhardt et al , 2006; Illingworth et al , 2008; Suzuki and Bird, 2008) that the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression is rather complex.”
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- Authors
- Suzuki, M. M., & Bird, A.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Suzuki, Miho M.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Genetics
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 465-476
- ISSN
- 1471-0056 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0064
- OpenAlex
- W2114970231
- Cited by
- 3,039
- References
- 108
- Citations by year
- 2026: 61 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 120 · 2023: 128 · 2022: 167 · 2021: 236 · 2020: 184 · 2019: 163 · 2018: 173 · 2017: 201 · 2016: 195 · 2015: 195 · 2014: 224 · 2013: 214 · 2012: 198
- FWCI
- 12.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Keywords
- DNA methylation, gene body, promoter methylation, gene silencing, gene expression regulation, epigenomics, cytosine methylation, development (biology), genome-wide methylation mapping
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Transcription, Genetic, Genome, DNA Methylation, Genomics, Epigenesis, Genetic
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