Does unstable mood increase risk of suicide? Theory, research and practice
Abstract
Background Suicide represents a substantial problem, with significant societal and personal impact. The identification of factors influencing suicide risk is an important step in preventing self-harming behaviour. In this article the authors explore whether emotional instability increases risk of suicide, beyond that of mood intensity.Method This article provides a summary of existing theory and indirect evidence in support of an association between emotional instability and suicidality. A systematic literature search (Embase, Medline, PsychInfo) was carried out on literature conducted up to October, 2011. Meta-analysis was used to assess the strength of the proposed association.Results The systematic search identified 20 journal articles meeting the inclusion criteria, including retrospective questionnaire design studies and research conducted across several time-points. Meta-analysis revealed a moderate association, which remained statistically significant even when only including studies conducted over multiple time-points. This effect was attenuated, but remained significant, when controlling for study selection bias.Limitations Retrospective questionnaire studies failed to adequately control for mood level. Little is still currently understood about the types of emotional instability (e.g., dysoria, anxiety) most associated with suicidality.Conclusions Future avenues of investigation include micro- to macro-longitudinal research and the differentiation of emotion subtypes and instability metrics. Momentary assessment techniques may help to detect subtle fluctuations in mood leading to more effective and immediate intervention. Psychosocial intervention strategies for treating unstable emotions are discussed.
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DBT combines principles from behaviorism, Zen, and dialectics that aim to help clients improve their emotional and cognitive regulation to overcome problems, including intense mood change, impulsivity, and loneliness.
“DBT combines principles from behaviorism, Zen, and dialectics [10] that aim to help clients improve their emotional and cognitive regulation to overcome problems, including intense mood change [11,12], impulsivity [13,14], and loneliness [15].”
From A mobile health intervention (LifeBuoy App) to help young people manage suicidal thoughts: protocol for a mixed-methods randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Palmier-Claus, J. E., Taylor, P. J., Varese, F., & Pratt, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-12
- Volume
- 143
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 5-15
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1965659825
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 140
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 0.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- neuroticism, suicide risk, suicidality, dysphoric mood, anxiety, self-harm prevention, psychosocial interventions, emotion regulation
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Suicide, Mood Disorders
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