Prospective and concurrent affective dynamics in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: an examination in young adult women
Open accessAbstract
Affective dynamics, assessed using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), provide a nuanced understanding of within-person fluctuations of negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) in daily life. NA and PA dynamics have been associated with psychopathology and response to psychological treatments. NA and PA dynamics have been rarely studied concurrently in association with self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB), transdiagnostic difficulties encountered regularly in clinical and community settings. Here we present EMA data from a large, diverse sample of young adult women with high rates of SITB to examine NA and PA dynamics (mean intensity, variability, and inertia). Specifically, we considered the prospective associations between past-year suicidal thoughts and past-year nonsuicidal self-injury and affective dynamics, as well as the concurrent associations between affective dynamics, EMA-reported suicidal thoughts, and EMA-reported urges for nonsuicidal self-injury. Results demonstrate that elevated mean NA and NA variability are robustly associated with all types of SITB assessed prospectively or concurrently. Interestingly, these associations were weakest for past-year nonsuicidal self-injurious behaviors, relative to past-year and concurrent suicidal or nonsuicidal self-injurious thoughts. Past-year suicidal thoughts further predicted increased NA inertia. Decreased PA inertia was associated with past-year nonsuicidal self-injury behavior, as well as concurrent EMA suicidal thoughts. We found no associations (prospective or concurrent) between SITB and mean PA intensity or PA variability. These results highlight the importance of understanding affective processes to develop real-world interventions to prevent nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior in daily life.
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Risk factors (negative affect, hopelessness, loneliness, burdensomeness, connectedness, thwarted belongingness) occurred with similar variability and were concurrently associated with suicidal ideation.
“Risk factors (negative affect, hopelessness, loneliness, burdensomeness, connectedness, thwarted belongingness) occurred with similar variability, and were concurrently associated with suicidal ideation (47, 55, 56, 68, 78).”
From Don't Miss the Moment: A Systematic Review of Ecological Momentary Assessment in Suicide Research (2022) · cites this paper as [78]
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- Authors
- Victor, S. E., Brown, S. L., & Scott, L. N.
- Affiliations
- Texas Tech University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Scott, Lori N.
- Venue
- Behavior Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-09
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1158-1170
- ISSN
- 0005-7894 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8403235
- OpenAlex
- W3123220971
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 1.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Behavior Therapy (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Falk Foundation
- FISA Foundation
- Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2013-JF-FX-0058)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01 MH101289, R01 DA012237, R01 MH056630, R01 MH115922, T32 MH018269)
- American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (YIG-0-131-14)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- self-injurious thoughts, non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, negative affect, positive affect, emotional dynamics, within-person variability, affective inertia, young adult women, ecological momentary assessment
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Self-Injurious Behavior, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation
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