Cited by 137Nutrition and Health in AgingMuscle Physiology and DisordersMuscle metabolism and nutrition

Management of Sarcopenia: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Negm, Ahmed M., Lee, Jeremy, Hamidian, Radmehr, Jones, C. Allyson, Khadaroo, Rachel G.·2022·Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to determine the comparative effectiveness of interventions in treatment of sarcopenia. The primary outcome was the measure of treatment effect on muscle mass, and secondary outcomes were the treatment effect on muscle strength and physical performance.Design Systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA).Setting and participants Participants with sarcopenia receiving interventions targeting sarcopenia in any setting.Methods Data sources: Relevant RCTs were identified by a systematic search of several electronic databases, including CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from January 1995 to July 2019. Duplicate title and abstract and full-text screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed.Data extraction All RCTs examining sarcopenia interventions [mixed exercise (combined aerobic and resistance exercise), aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, balance exercise, physical activity and protein or nutrition supplementation, acupuncture, whole-body vibration, protein supplement or interventions to increase protein intake, any nutritional intervention other than protein, and pharmacotherapy] were included. Comparators were standard care, placebo, or another intervention.Data synthesis We performed Bayesian NMA; continuous outcome data were pooled using the standardized mean difference effect size. Interventions were ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for each outcome.Results A total of 59 RCTs were included after screening of 4315 citations and 313 full-text articles. Network meta-analysis of muscle mass outcome (including 46 RCTs, 3649 participants, 11 interventions) suggested that mixed exercise were the most effective intervention (SUCRA = 93.94%) to increase muscle mass. Physical activity and protein or nutrition supplementation, and aerobic exercise were the most effective interventions to improve muscle strength and physical performance, respectively. Overall, mixed exercise is the most effective intervention in increasing muscle mass and was one of the 3 most effective interventions in increasing muscle strength and physical performance.Conclusions and implications Mixed exercise and physical activity with nutritional supplementation are the most effective sarcopenia interventions. Most of the included studies have a high risk of bias. More robust RCTs are needed to increase the confidence of our NMA results and the quality of evidence.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.01.057

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Authors
Negm, A. M., Lee, J., Hamidian, R., Jones, C. A., & Khadaroo, R. G.
Affiliations
  • University of Alberta (CA)
  • McMaster University (CA)
Corresponding author
Negm, Ahmed M.
Venue
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-05
Volume
23
Issue
5
Pages
707-714
ISSN
1525-8610 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4213260343
Cited by
137
References
95
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 10
FWCI
3.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
  • Alberta Innovates
  • Alaska Historical Society
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Keywords
sarcopenia, muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, exercise intervention, resistance training, aerobic exercise, protein supplementation, dietary supplementation, physical activity, whole-body vibration, acupuncture, pharmacotherapy, comparative effectiveness
MeSH terms
Network Meta-Analysis as Topic, Network Meta-Analysis, Bayes Theorem, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Muscle Strength, Sarcopenia

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