Effects of Exercise and Amino Acid Supplementation on Body Composition and Physical Function in Community‐Dwelling Elderly Japanese Sarcopenic Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise and amino acid supplementation in enhancing muscle mass and strength in community‐dwelling elderly sarcopenic women. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Urban community in T okyo, J apan. Participants: One hundred fifty‐five women aged 75 and older were defined as sarcopenic and randomly assigned to one of four groups: exercise and amino acid supplementation (exercise + AAS ; n = 38), exercise (n = 39), amino acid supplementation ( AAS ; n = 39), or health education ( HE ; n = 39). Intervention: The exercise group attended a 60‐minute comprehensive training program twice a week, and the AAS group ingested 3 g of a leucine‐rich essential amino acid mixture twice a day for 3 months. Measurements: Body composition was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Data from interviews and functional fitness parameters such as muscle strength and walking ability were collected at baseline and after the 3‐month intervention. Results: A significant group × time interaction was seen in leg muscle mass ( P = .007), usual walking speed ( P = .007), and knee extension strength ( P = .017). The within‐group analysis showed that walking speed significantly increased in all three intervention groups, leg muscle mass in the exercise + AAS and exercise groups, and knee extension strength only in the exercise + AAS group (9.3% increase, P = .01). The odds ratio for leg muscle mass and knee extension strength improvement was more than four times as great in the exercise + AAS group (odds ratio = 4.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.89–11.27) as in the HE group. Conclusion: The data suggest that exercise and AAS together may be effective in enhancing not only muscle strength, but also combined variables of muscle mass and walking speed and of muscle mass and strength in sarcopenic women.
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A recent RCT in 175 community-dwelling women with sarcopenia showed that the combination of exercise twice weekly and 3 g of leucine twice daily for 3 months was superior compared with either intervention alone.
“As for the combination of protein and exercise, a recent RCT in 175 community-dwelling women with sarcopenia showed that the combination of exercise twice weekly and 3 g of leucine twice daily for 3 months was superior compared with either intervention alone.144”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [144]
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- Authors
- Kim, H. K., Suzuki, T., Saito, K., Yoshida, H., Kobayashi, H., Kato, H., & Katayama, M.
- Affiliations
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (JP)
- National Institute for Longevity Sciences Aichi Japan
- Ajinomoto (Japan) (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Hun Kyung
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-12-05
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16-23
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- OpenAlex
- W2074524235
- Cited by
- 551
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 10.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22300243)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- sarcopenia, older women, exercise training, amino acid supplementation, muscle mass, muscle strength, walking speed, quadriceps strength, body composition, community-dwelling older adults, health education
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Amino Acids, Essential, Body Composition, Exercise Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Japan, Motor Activity, Patient Education as Topic, Retrospective Studies, Exercise, Geriatric Assessment, Incidence, Treatment Outcome, Dietary Supplements, Muscle Strength, Sarcopenia
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