Cited by 168Nutrition and Health in AgingMuscle metabolism and nutritionMuscle Physiology and Disorders

Exercise, Nutrition, and Combined Exercise and Nutrition in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis

Wu, Pei-Yu, Huang, Kun-Siang, Chen, Kuei-Min, Chou, Chia-Pei, Tu, Yu-Kang·2021·Maturitas

Abstract

It is unclear whether the combined effects of exercise and nutrition are better than those of exercise alone or nutrition alone in older adults with sarcopenia. This paper assesses the comparative effects of exercise, nutrition, and the combination of exercise and nutrition on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia. In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, 11 electronic databases were searched up to November 2020. Inclusion criteria were: (1) adults aged 65 years and older with sarcopenia; (2) interventions of exercise, nutrition, or the combination of both; (3) the outcomes include at least one of the following: muscle mass, muscle strength (hand grip and knee extension strength), or physical performance (gait speed and dynamic balance); and (4) randomized control trials. For each outcome measurement, a network meta-analysis was conducted to determine the direct and indirect effects of each intervention compared with each of the other interventions. A total of 26 studies were included in the network meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, exercise alone and the combination of exercise and nutrition significantly increased handgrip strength (1.12 kg, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.11; 2.03 kg, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.97) and improved dynamic balance (-1.76 seconds, 95% CI: -2.24, -1.28; -1.02 seconds, 95% CI: -1.64, -0.39). Both exercise alone and the combination of exercise and nutrition have beneficial effects on muscle strength and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.12.009

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Authors
Wu, P.-Y., Huang, K.-S., Chen, K.-M., Chou, C.-P., & Tu, Y.-K.
Affiliations
  • Chang Gung University (TW)
  • Kaohsiung Medical University (TW)
  • National Taiwan University (TW)
Corresponding author
  • Huang, Kun-Siang
  • Chen, Kuei-Min
  • Tu, Yu-Kang
Venue
Maturitas
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-03
Volume
145
Pages
38-48
ISSN
0378-5122 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3116545475
Cited by
168
References
74
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 12
FWCI
2.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Maturitas (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Kaohsiung Medical University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords
sarcopenia, older adults, physical activity, nutrition, muscle mass, muscle strength, grip strength, quadriceps strength, physical performance, walking speed, dynamic balance
MeSH terms
Aged, Humans, Nutritional Status, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Sarcopenia

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