The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Visual search attentional bias modification reduced social phobia in adolescents
Abstract
Background and objectives An attentional bias for negative information plays an important role in the development and maintenance of (social) anxiety and depression, which are highly prevalent in adolescence. Attention Bias Modification (ABM) might be an interesting tool in the prevention of emotional disorders. The current study investigated whether visual search ABM might affect attentional bias and emotional functioning in adolescents.Methods A visual search task was used as a training paradigm; participants (n = 16 adolescents, aged 13-16) had to repeatedly identify the only smiling face in a 4 × 4 matrix of negative emotional faces, while participants in the control condition (n = 16) were randomly allocated to one of three placebo training versions. An assessment version of the task was developed to directly test whether attentional bias changed due to the training. Self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms and self-esteem were measured pre- and post-training.Results After two sessions of training, the ABM group showed a significant decrease in attentional bias for negative information and self-reported social phobia, while the control group did not. There were no effects of training on depressive mood or self-esteem.Limitations No correlation between attentional bias and social phobia was found, which raises questions about the validity of the attentional bias assessment task. Also, the small sample size precludes strong conclusions.Conclusions Visual search ABM might be beneficial in changing attentional bias and social phobia in adolescents, but further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up is needed.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In most ABM training methods, nonthreat targets are more likely to appear in different locations [ 5 0 8 _ T D $ D I F F ] from threat cues, which encourages attention-orienting away from threat.”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [71]
In the citing paper
“Evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of alternative ABM training methods is limited.”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [71]
In the citing paper
“Lack of consensus regarding why conventional ABM threat-avoidance training has inconsistent effects (discussed earlier) has encouraged the development of various alternative methods which have preliminary data suggesting efficacy”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [71]
In the citing paper
“Multi-session emotional face visual search training has mixed effects on nonclinical adolescent anxiety, with problems of poor compliance possibly owing to insufficient goal engagement [71,73,74].”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [71]
In the citing paper
“Changes in attentional bias have been observed in healthy children (Eldar, Ricon, & Bar-Haim, 2008) and unselected adolescents (de Voogd, Wiers, Prins, & Salemink, 2014), but not when visual search training effects were measured with a dot-probe assessment task (Platt et al., 2015).”
From Online attentional bias modification training targeting anxiety and depression in unselected adolescents: short- and long-term effects of a randomized controlled trial (2016) · cites this paper as de Voogd, Wiers, Prins, & Salemink, 2014
In the citing paper
“In unselected adolescents, the visual search training also reduced social anxiety symptoms (de Voogd et al., 2014), but not depressive symptoms (Platt et al., 2015;de Voogd et al., 2014).”
From Online attentional bias modification training targeting anxiety and depression in unselected adolescents: short- and long-term effects of a randomized controlled trial (2016) · cites this paper as de Voogd et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“In unselected adolescents, the visual search training also reduced social anxiety symptoms (de Voogd et al., 2014), but not depressive symptoms (Platt et al., 2015;de Voogd et al., 2014).”
From Online attentional bias modification training targeting anxiety and depression in unselected adolescents: short- and long-term effects of a randomized controlled trial (2016) · cites this paper as de Voogd et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“Consistent with earlier research in youth (Waters, Pittaway, Mogg, Bradley, & Pine, 2013;de Voogd et al., 2014), VS attentional training led to an increased bias for positive information, as assessed with the closely matched EVST, but not with the DPT.”
From Online attentional bias modification training targeting anxiety and depression in unselected adolescents: short- and long-term effects of a randomized controlled trial (2016) · cites this paper as de Voogd et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“Findings from these studies indicate that ABM-positive-search training reduces self-reported stress and cortisol measures of stress reactivity in adults (Dandeneau et al., 2007), social anxiety symptoms in youth (De Voogd et al., 2014) and clinician-rated symptom severity of anxiety disorders in children (Waters et al., 2013(Waters et al., , 2015(Waters et al., , 2016)).”
From Anxiety and attention to threat: cognitive mechanisms and treatment with attention bias modification (2016) · cites this paper as De Voogd et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“Regarding effects of ABM-positive-search training on AB, most studies found changes in AB measures for threat and positive stimuli, although these changes varied across studies.”
From Anxiety and attention to threat: cognitive mechanisms and treatment with attention bias modification (2016) · cites this paper as De Voogd et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“facilitated detection of positive relative to negative faces on the visual-search task in anxious youth (De Voogd et al., 2014)”
From Anxiety and attention to threat: cognitive mechanisms and treatment with attention bias modification (2016) · cites this paper as De Voogd et al., 2014
Citations
Cites
Statistical power analyses using G∗Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/brm.41.4.1149 · Cited by 37,615
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126
Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence
Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837 · Cited by 4,035
Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: a meta-analytic study.
Bar-Haim, Y., Lamy, D., Pergamin, L., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1 · Cited by 3,721
Attentional bias in emotional disorders
MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.95.1.15 · Cited by 3,152
Attentional bias in emotional disorders.
MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. R. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.95.1.15 · Cited by 2,553
Cognitive vulnerability to emotional disorders
Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143916 · Cited by 2,100
Chorpita, B. F., Yim, L., Moffitt, C., Umemoto, L. A., & Francis, S. E. (2000) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00130-8 · Cited by 1,966
Mechanisms of attentional biases towards threat in anxiety disorders: An integrative review
Cisler, J. M., & Koster, E. H. W. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.003 · Cited by 1,753
MacLeod, C., Rutherford, E., Campbell, L., Ebsworthy, G., & Holker, L. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.111.1.107 · Cited by 1,334 · cited 1×
“While most studies on ABM used the dot-probe paradigm developed by MacLeod et al. (2002), other paradigms have also been used.”
An information processing model of anxiety: Automatic and strategic processes
Beck, A. T., & Clark, D. A. (1997) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00069-1 · Cited by 1,317
Life course outcomes of young people with anxiety disorders in adolescence
WOODWARD, L. J., & FERGUSSON, D. M. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200109000-00018 · Cited by 1,051
A meta-analysis of the effect of cognitive bias modification on anxiety and depression
Hallion, L. S., & Ruscio, A. M. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0024355 · Cited by 891
Hakamata, Y., Lissek, S., Bar-Haim, Y., Britton, J. C., Fox, N. A., Leibenluft, E., Ernst, M., & Pine, D. S. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.021 · Cited by 869
Cognitive Bias Modification Approaches to Anxiety
MacLeod, C., & Mathews, A. (2012) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143052 · Cited by 664
A meta-analysis of the magnitude of biased attention in depression
Peckham, A. D., McHugh, R. K., & Otto, M. W. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20755 · Cited by 647
Attention training for generalized social anxiety disorder
Schmidt, N. B., Richey, J. A., Buckner, J. D., & Timpano, K. R. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013643 · Cited by 546
Attention modification program in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder
Amir, N., Beard, C., Burns, M., & Bomyea, J. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0012589 · Cited by 539
Unreliability of the dot probe task
Schmukle, S. C. (2005) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.554 · Cited by 538
The storm and stress of adolescence: insights from human imaging and mouse genetics
Casey, B. J., Jones, R. M., Levita, L., Libby, V., Pattwell, S. S., Ruberry, E. J., Soliman, F., & Somerville, L. H. (2010) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.20447 · Cited by 480
Koster, E. H. W., Crombez, G., Verschuere, B., Van Damme, S., & Wiersema, J. R. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.12.011 · Cited by 413
Relation between anxiety and depressive disorders in childhood and adolescence
Axelson, D., & Birmaher, B. B. (2001) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.1048 · Cited by 405
Attentional Biases for Facial Expressions in Social Phobia: The Face-in-the-Crowd Paradigm
Gilboa-Schechtman, E., Foa, E. B., & Amir, N. (1999) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/026999399379294 · Cited by 366
Amir, N., Weber, G., Beard, C., Bomyea, J., & Taylor, C. T. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013445 · Cited by 356
Dandeneau, S. D., Baldwin, M. W., Baccus, J. R., Sakellaropoulo, M., & Pruessner, J. C. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.4.651 · Cited by 341
EGGER, H. L., Pine, D. S., Nelson, E. E., Leibenluft, E., Ernst, M., Towbin, K. E., & Angold, A. C. (2011) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.343 · Cited by 319
Attention Bias Toward Threat in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders
Roy, A. K., Vasa, R. A., Bruck, M., Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., Sweeney, M., Bergman, R. L., Tone, E. B., & Pine, D. S. (2008) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e3181825ace · Cited by 279
Trait anxiety, anxious mood, and threat detection
Byrne, A., & Eysenck, M. W. (1995) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699939508408982 · Cited by 242
Wells, T. T., & Beevers, C. G. (2010) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930802652388 · Cited by 228
An information-processing perspective on childhood anxiety
Daleiden, E. L. (1997) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(97)00010-x · Cited by 224
Attention bias modification treatment for pediatric anxiety disorders: A randomized controlled trial
Eldar, S., Apter, A., Lotan, D., Edgar, K. P., Naim, R., Fox, N. A., Pine, D. S., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2012) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11060886 · Cited by 220
Dandeneau, S., & Baldwin, M. W. (2004) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.23.4.584.40306 · Cited by 219
Carlbring, P., Apelstrand, M., Sehlin, H., Amir, N., Rousseau, A., Hofmann, S. G., & Andersson, G. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-66 · Cited by 215
Anxiety-related bias in the classification of emotionally ambiguous facial expressions.
Richards, A., French, C. C., Calder, A. J., Webb, B., Fox, R., & Young, A. W. (2002) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.2.3.273 · Cited by 212
Schweizer, S., Hampshire, A., & Dalgleish, T. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024372 · Cited by 198
Heeren, A., Reese, H. E., McNally, R. J., & Philippot, P. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.10.005 · Cited by 198 · cited 2×
“Findings of other ABM studies suggest that training effects are more easily observed on physiological, behavioral, or clinician-rated measures (Eldar et al., 2012; Heeren et al., 2012; Waters et al., 2013).”
BackgroundResultUsing Attentional Bias Modification as a Cognitive Vaccine Against Depression
Browning, M., Holmes, E. A., Charles, M., Cowen, P. J., & Harmer, C. J. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.04.014 · Cited by 197
Threat-Related Attentional Bias in Anxious Youth: A Review
Puliafico, A. C., & Kendall, P. C. (2006) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-006-0009-x · Cited by 179
Hankin, B. L., Gibb, B. E., Abela, J. R. Z., & Flory, K. (2010) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0019609 · Cited by 177
Training anxious children to disengage attention from threat: a randomized controlled trial
Bar‐Haim, Y., Morag, I., & Glickman, S. (2011) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02368.x · Cited by 173
Dovis, S., Van der Oord, S., Wiers, R. W., & Prins, P. J. M. (2012) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-011-9601-8 · Cited by 165
Self-citationPlasticity in attention: implications for stress response in children
Eldar, S., Ricon, T., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.01.012 · Cited by 159
de Jong, P. J., Sportel, B. E., de Hullu, E., & Nauta, M. H. (2011) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291711001358 · Cited by 149
Attention training towards positive stimuli in clinically anxious children
Waters, A. M., Pittaway, M., Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., & Pine, D. S. (2013) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2012.09.004 · Cited by 135
Continual training of attentional bias in social anxiety
Li, S., Tan, J., Qian, M., & Liu, X. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.005 · Cited by 133
Internet-Based Attention Training for Social Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Boettcher, J., Berger, T., & Renneberg, B. (2012) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9374-y · Cited by 130
White, L. K., Suway, J. G., Pine, D., Bar-Haim, Y., & Fox, N. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.01.004 · Cited by 124
Neubauer, K., von Auer, M., Murray, E., Petermann, F., Helbig‐Lang, S., & Gerlach, A. L. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.10.006 · Cited by 121
Heeren, A., Lievens, L., & Philippot, P. (2011) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.08.001 · Cited by 107
Britton, J. C., Bar-Haim, Y., Clementi, M. A., Sankin, L. S., Chen, G., Shechner, T., Norcross, M. A., Spiro, C. N., Lindstrom, K. M., & Pine, D. S. (2013) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2012.11.001 · Cited by 101
Dandeneau, S., & Baldwin, M. W. (2008) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2008.05.004 · Cited by 68
A case series of attention modification in clinically anxious youths
Rozenman, M., Weersing, V. R., & Amir, N. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.02.007 · Cited by 62
Riemann, B. C., Kuckertz, J. M., Rozenman, M. S., Weersing, V. R., & Amir, N. (2013) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22127 · Cited by 60
Legerstee, J. S., Tulen, J. H. M., Dierckx, B., Treffers, P. D. A., Verhulst, F. C., & Utens, E. M. W. J. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02143.x · Cited by 54 · cited 1×
“Attentional bias is considered an important target in treatment, and has been shown to diminish after cognitive behavioral therapy, with changes in bias being associated with treatment success (Legerstee et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInterpretation training influences memory for prior interpretations.
Salemink, E., Hertel, P. T., & Mackintosh, B. (2010) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0020232 · Cited by 51
Self-citationVisual search for emotional faces in children
Waters, A. M., & Lipp, O. V. (2008) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930701755530 · Cited by 25
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Anxiety and attention to threat: cognitive mechanisms and treatment with attention bias modification
Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.08.001 · Cited by 313
“Anxiolytic effects of ABM-positive-search training have been found in clinic/laboratory (De Voogd et al., 2014; Waters et al., 2013), work (Dandeneau et al., 2007) and home settings (Waters et al., 2015, 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe attentional bias modification approach to anxiety intervention
MacLeod, C., & Clarke, P. J. F. (2015) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614560749 · Cited by 315
Attention bias modification for social anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Heeren, A., Mogoașe, C., Philippot, P., & McNally, R. J. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.06.001 · Cited by 312
Attentional bias for threat: Crisis or opportunity?
McNally, R. J. (2018) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2018.05.005 · Cited by 272
Mogg, K., Waters, A. M., & Bradley, B. P. (2017) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702617696359 · Cited by 215
“…cues in training (Britton et al., 2013); another used a case-series rather than RCT design (Schoorl et al., 2014); and two studies used unselected rather than high-anxious participants (ABM-threatavoidance training, See, MacLeod, & Bridle, 2009; ABM-positivesearch training, De Voogd et al., 2014).”
ResultInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- De Voogd, E. L., Wiers, R. W., Prins, P. J. M., & Salemink, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Venue
- Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-06
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 252-259
- ISSN
- 0005-7916 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2030455218
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 13.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- ZonMw
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attentional bias modification, visual search, social anxiety disorder, adolescents, attentional bias, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, emotion regulation training
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Female, Humans, Male, Phobic Disorders, Photic Stimulation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Reaction Time, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Bias
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
