Online visual search attentional bias modification for adolescents with heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms: a randomized controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Anxiety and depression, which are highly prevalent in adolescence, are both characterized by a negative attentional bias. As Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) can reduce such a bias, and might also affect emotional reactivity, it could be a promising early intervention. However, a growing number of studies also report comparable improvements in both active and placebo groups. The current study investigated the effects of eight online sessions of visual search (VS) ABM compared to both a VS placebo-training and a no-training control group in adolescents with heightened symptoms of anxiety and/or depression (n = 108). Attention bias, interpretation bias, and stress-reactivity were assessed pre- and post-training. Primary outcomes of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and secondary measures of emotional resilience were assessed pre- and post-training and at three and six months follow-up. Results revealed that VS training reduced attentional bias compared to both control groups, with stronger effects for participants who completed more training sessions. Irrespective of training condition, an overall reduction in symptoms of anxiety and depression and an increase in emotional resilience were observed up to six months later. The training was evaluated relatively negatively. Results suggest that online ABM as employed in the current study has no added value as an early intervention in adolescents with heightened symptoms.
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Evidence for therapeutic efficacy of alternative ABM training methods is limited.
“Evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of alternative ABM training methods is limited.”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [74]
Lack of consensus about why conventional ABM has inconsistent effects has encouraged development of alternative methods with preliminary efficacy data.
“Lack of consensus regarding why conventional ABM threat-avoidance training has inconsistent effects (discussed earlier) has encouraged the development of various alternative methods which have preliminary data suggesting efficacy”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [74]
Multi-session emotional face visual search training has mixed effects on nonclinical adolescent anxiety, with poor compliance possibly due to insufficient goal engagement.
“Multi-session emotional face visual search training has mixed effects on nonclinical adolescent anxiety, with problems of poor compliance possibly owing to insufficient goal engagement [71,73,74].”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [74]
In most ABM training methods, nonthreat targets are more likely to appear in different locations from threat cues, encouraging attention-orienting away from threat.
“In most ABM training methods, nonthreat targets are more likely to appear in different locations [ 5 0 8 _ T D $ D I F F ] from threat cues, which encourages attention-orienting away from threat.”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- De Voogd, E. L., Wiers, R. W., & Salemink, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 92
- Pages
- 57-67
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2589637691
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 6.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- ZonMw (200210010)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- attentional bias modification, visual search, adolescents, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, interpretation bias, stress reactivity, psychological resilience, online training, early intervention
- MeSH terms
- Attentional Bias, Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Psychotherapy, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Treatment Outcome, Resilience, Psychological, Young Adult
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