Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 2,905

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis

Open access
Angeli, Paolo, Bernardi, Mauro, Villanueva, Càndid, Francoz, Claire, Mookerjee, Rajeshwar P., Trebicka, Jonel, Krag, Aleksander, Laleman, Wim, Gines, Pere·2018·Journal of Hepatology
DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Summary The natural history of cirrhosis is characterised by an asymptomatic compensated phase followed by a decompensated phase, marked by the development of overt clinical signs, the most frequent of which are ascites, bleeding, encephalopathy, and jaundice. The following Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) represent the first CPGs on the management of decompensated cirrhosis. In this context, the panel of experts, having emphasised the importance of initiating aetiologic treatment for any degree of hepatic disease at the earliest possible stage, extended its work to all the complications of cirrhosis, which had not been covered by the European Association for the Study of the Liver guidelines, namely: ascites, refractory ascites, hyponatremia, gastrointestinal bleeding, bacterial infections, acute kidney injury, hepatorenal syndrome, acute-on-chronic liver failure, relative adrenal failure, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, hepatopulmonary syndrome, and porto-pulmonary hypertension. The panel of experts, produced these GPGs using evidence from PubMed and Cochrane database searches providing up to date guidance on the management of decompensated cirrhosis with the only purpose of improving clinical practice.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024

Cites

22 of 22 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 22 references

Research works printed but not linked: 583

  1. 2010, EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 53, 397, 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.05.004 · DOI · Paper page
  2. D'Amico, 2014, The clinical course of cirrhosis. Population based studies and the need of personalized medicine, J Hepatol, 60, 241, 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.10.023 · DOI
  3. Moreau, 2013, Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with AD of cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 144, 1426, 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.02.042 · DOI · Paper page
  4. D'Amico, 2006, Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: a systematic review of 118 studies, J Hepatol, 44, 217, 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.10.013 · DOI · Paper page
  5. Bernardi, 2015, Mechanisms of decompensation and organ failure in cirrhosis: From peripheral arterial vasodilation to systemic inflammation hypothesis, J Hepatol, 63, 1272, 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.07.004 · DOI · Paper page
  6. Arvaniti, 2010, Infections in patients with cirrhosis increase mortality four-fold and should be used in determining prognosis, Gastroenterology, 139, 1246, 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.06.019 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Schrier, 1988, Peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis: a proposal for the initiation of renal sodium and water retention in cirrhosis, Hepatology, 8, 1151, 10.1002/hep.1840080532 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Wiese, 2014, Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy: pathogenesis and clinical relevance, Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 11, 177, 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.210 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Arroyo, 2007, Advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of type-1 and type-2 hepatorenal syndrome, J Hepatol, 46, 935, 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.02.001 · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2007.02.001
  10. Iwakiri, 2006, The hyperdynamic circulation of chronic liver diseases: from the patient to the molecule, Hepatology, 43, S121, 10.1002/hep.20993 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Claria, 2016, Systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis: Characterization and role in acute-on-chronic liver failure, Hepatology, 64, 1249, 10.1002/hep.28740 · DOI · Paper page
  12. Alvarez, 2011, Long-term clinical course of decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis: a prospective study of 165 patients, J Clin Gastroenterol, 45, 906, 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3182284e13 · doi:10.1097/mcg.0b013e3182284e13
  13. Powell, 1968, Duration of survival in patients with Laennec's cirrhosis. Influence of alcohol withdrawal, and possible effects of recent changes in general management of the disease, Am J Med, 44, 406, 10.1016/0002-9343(68)90111-3 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Shim, 2010, Efficacy of entecavir in treatment-naive patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 52, 176, 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.11.007 · DOI · Paper page
  15. Cheung, 2016, Outcomes after successful direct-acting antiviral therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C and decompensated cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 65, 741, 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.06.019 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Lens, 2017, Effects of all-oral antiviral therapy on HVPG and systemic hemodynamics in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 153, 1273, 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.07.016 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Kang, 2017, Rifaximin treatment is associated with reduced risk of cirrhotic complications and prolonged overall survival in patients experiencing hepatic encephalopathy, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 46, 845, 10.1111/apt.14275 · DOI
  18. Ginès, 2009, Renal failure in cirrhosis, N Engl J Med, 361, 1279, 10.1056/NEJMra0809139 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Moreau, 2017, A randomized trial of 6-month norfloxacin therapy in patients with Child-Pugh class C cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 66, S1, 10.1016/S0168-8278(17)30264-7 · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(17)30264-7
  20. Caraceni, 2018, Long-term albumin administration in decompensated cirrhosis: an open label randomized trial, Lancet, 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30840-7 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Sola, 2017, Midodrine and albumin for prevention of complications of cirrhosis in patients in the waiting list for liver transplantation. A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, J Hepatol, 66, S11, 10.1016/S0168-8278(17)30285-4 · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(17)30285-4
  22. Abraldes, 2009, Simvastatin lowers portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension: a randomized controlled trial, Gastroenterology, 136, 1651, 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.01.043 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Abraldes, 2016, Addition of simvastatin to standard therapy for the prevention of variceal rebleeding does not reduce rebleeding but increases survival in patients with cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 150, 1160, 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.01.004 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Villa, 2012, Enoxaparin preventsportal veinthrombosisand liver decompensation in patients with advanced cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 143, 1253, 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.07.018 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Lebrec, 2010, Pentoxifylline does not decrease short-term mortality but does reduce complications in patients with advanced cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 138, 1755, 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.040 · DOI
  26. Abraldes, 2003, Hemodynamic response to pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension and long-term prognosis of cirrhosis, Hepatology, 37, 902, 10.1053/jhep.2003.50133 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Gines, 1987, Compensated cirrhosis: natural history and prognostic factors, Hepatology, 7, 122, 10.1002/hep.1840070124 · DOI · Paper page
  28. Ripoll, 2007, Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 133, 481, 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.05.024 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Moore, 2003, The management of ascites in cirrhosis: report on the consensus conference of the International Ascites Club, Hepatology, 38, 258, 10.1053/jhep.2003.50315 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Arroyo, 1996, Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. International Ascites Club, Hepatology, 23, 164, 10.1002/hep.510230122 · DOI · Paper page
  31. Rimola, 2000, Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a consensus document. International Ascites Club, J Hepatol, 32, 142, 10.1016/S0168-8278(00)80201-9 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Bruns, 2015, Nischalke HD Low ascitic fluid protein does not indicate an increased risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in current cohorts, J Hepatol, 63, 527, 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.03.040 · DOI
  33. Runyon, 1988, Optimization of ascitic fluid culture technique, Gastroenterology, 95, 1351, 10.1016/0016-5085(88)90372-1 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Runyon, 1992, The serum-ascites albumin gradient is superior to the exudate-transudate concept in the differential diagnosis of ascites, Ann Intern Med, 117, 215, 10.7326/0003-4819-117-3-215 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Gerbes, 1991, Ascitic fluid analysis for the differentiation of malignancy-related and nonmalignant ascites. Proposal of a diagnostic sequence, Cancer, 68, 1808, 10.1002/1097-0142(19911015)68:8<1808::AID-CNCR2820680827>3.0.CO;2-6 · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19911015)68:8<1808::aid-cncr2820680827>3.0.co;2-6
  36. Llach, 1988, Prognostic value of arterial pressure, endogenous vasoactive systems, and renal function in cirrhotic patients admitted to the hospital for the treatment of ascites, Gastroenterology, 94, 482, 10.1016/0016-5085(88)90441-6 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Caregaro, 1994, Limitations of serum creatinine level and creatinine clearance as filtration markers in cirrhosis, Arch Intern Med, 154, 201, 10.1001/archinte.1994.00420020117013 · doi:10.1001/archinte.1994.00420020117013 · Paper page
  38. Biselli, 2015, A new prognostic model to predict dropout from the waiting list in cirrhotic candidates for liver transplantation with MELD score <18, Liver Int, 35, 184, 10.1111/liv.12538 · doi:10.1111/liv.12538
  39. Bernardi, 1985, Renal function impairment induced by change in posture in patients with cirrhosis and ascites, Gut, 26, 629, 10.1136/gut.26.6.629 · DOI
  40. Ring-Larsen, 1986, Diuretic treatment in decompensated cirrhosis and congestive heart failure: effect of posture, Br Med J, 292, 1351, 10.1136/bmj.292.6532.1351 · DOI
  41. Bernardi, 1993, Efficacy and safety of the stepped care medical treatment of ascites in liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled clinical trial comparing two diets with different sodium content, Liver, 13, 156, 10.1111/j.1600-0676.1993.tb00624.x · DOI
  42. Gauthier, 1986, Salt or no salt in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites: a randomised study, Gut, 27, 705, 10.1136/gut.27.6.705 · DOI
  43. Reynolds, 1978, Advantages of treatment of ascites without sodium restriction and without complete removal of excess fluid, Gut, 19, 549, 10.1136/gut.19.6.549 · DOI
  44. Morando, 2015, Adherence to a moderate sodium restriction diet in outpatients with cirrhosis and ascites: a real-life cross-sectional study, Liver Int, 35, 1508, 10.1111/liv.12583 · DOI
  45. Pockros, 1986, Rapid diuresis in patients with ascites from chronic liver disease: the importance of peripheral edema, Gastroenterology, 90, 1827, 10.1016/0016-5085(86)90249-0 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Bernardi, 1994, Hepatorenal disorders: role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, Semin Liver Dis, 14, 23, 10.1055/s-2007-1007295 · DOI
  47. Bernardi, 1985, Importance of plasma aldosterone concentration on the natriuretic effect of spironolactone in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites, Digestion, 31, 189, 10.1159/000199198 · DOI
  48. Angeli, 1994, Randomized clinical study of the efficacy of amiloride and potassium canrenoate in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites, Hepatology, 19, 72, 10.1002/hep.1840190113 · DOI
  49. Angeli, 1990, Tubularsite of renal sodium retention in ascitic liver cirrhosis evaluated by lithium clearance, Eur J Clin Invest, 20, 111, 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1990.tb01800.x · DOI
  50. Gatta, 1991, A pathophysiological interpretation of unresponsiveness to spironolactone in a stepped-care approach to the diuretic treatment of ascites in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients, Hepatology, 14, 231, 10.1002/hep.1840140205 · DOI
  51. Perez-Ayuso, 1983, Randomized comparative study of efficacy of furosemide vs. spironolactone in nonazotemic cirrhosis with ascites. Relationship between the diuretic response and the activity of the renin-aldosterone system, Gastroenterology, 84, 961, 10.1016/0016-5085(83)90198-1 · DOI · Paper page
  52. Angeli, 2010, Combined vs. sequential diuretic treatment of ascites in non-azotaemic patients with cirrhosis: results of an open randomised clinical trial, Gut, 59, 98, 10.1136/gut.2008.176495 · DOI
  53. Santos, 2003, Spironolactone alone or in combination with furosemide in the treatment of moderate ascites in nonazotemic cirrhosis. A randomized comparative study of efficacy and safety, J Hepatol, 39, 187, 10.1016/S0168-8278(03)00188-0 · DOI · Paper page
  54. Gerbes, 1993, Advantages of the new loop diuretic torasemide over furosemide in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. A randomized, double blind cross-over trial, J Hepatol, 17, 353, 10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80217-X · DOI
  55. Angeli, 1996, Cirrhosis and muscle cramps: evidence of a causal relationship, Hepatology, 23, 264, 10.1002/hep.510230211 · DOI
  56. Elfert, 2016, Randomized placebo-controlled study of baclofen in the treatment of muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 28, 1280, 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000714 · DOI
  57. Lee, 1991, A randomized controlled trial of quinidine in the treatment of cirrhotic patients with muscle cramps, J Hepatol, 12, 236, 10.1016/0168-8278(91)90944-7 · DOI
  58. Lin, 2005, Should bleeding tendency deter abdominal paracentesis?, Dig Liver Dis, 37, 946, 10.1016/j.dld.2005.07.009 · doi:10.1016/j.dld.2005.07.009
  59. Pache, 2005, Severe haemorrhage following abdominal paracentesis for ascites in patients with liver disease, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 21, 525, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02387.x · DOI
  60. Gines, 1988, Randomized comparative study of therapeutic paracentesis with and without intravenous albumin in cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 94, 1493, 10.1016/0016-5085(88)90691-9 · DOI · Paper page
  61. Gines, 1996, Randomized trial comparing albumin, dextran 70, and polygeline in cirrhotic patients with ascites treated by paracentesis, Gastroenterology, 111, 1002, 10.1016/S0016-5085(96)70068-9 · DOI · Paper page
  62. Sola-Vera, 2003, Randomized trial comparing albumin and saline in the prevention of paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction in cirrhotic patients with ascites, Hepatology, 37, 1147, 10.1053/jhep.2003.50169 · DOI · Paper page
  63. Bernardi, 2012, Albumin infusion in patients undergoing large-volume paracentesis: a meta-analysis of randomized trials, Hepatology, 55, 1172, 10.1002/hep.24786 · DOI · Paper page
  64. Moreau, 2006, Comparison of outcome in patients with cirrhosis and ascites following treatment with albumin or a synthetic colloid: a randomised controlled pilot trail, Liver Int, 26, 46, 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01188.x · DOI
  65. Gines, 1987, Comparison of paracentesis and diuretics in the treatment of cirrhotics with tense ascites. Results of a randomized study, Gastroenterology, 93, 234, 10.1016/0016-5085(87)91007-9 · DOI · Paper page
  66. Salerno, 1987, Repeated paracentesis and i.v. albumin infusion to treat 'tense' ascites in cirrhotic patients. A safe alternative therapy, J Hepatol, 5, 102, 10.1016/S0168-8278(87)80067-3 · DOI
  67. Fernandez-Esparrach, 1997, Diuretic requirements after therapeutic paracentesis in non-azotemic patients with cirrhosis. A randomized double-blind trial of spironolactone vs. placebo, J Hepatol, 26, 614, 10.1016/S0168-8278(97)80427-8 · DOI
  68. Elia, 2015, Severe acute kidney injury associated with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in cirrhosis: a case-control study, J Hepatol, 63, 593, 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.04.004 · DOI
  69. Claria, 2005, Effects of celecoxib and naproxen on renal function in nonazotemic patients with cirrhosis and ascites, Hepatology, 41, 579, 10.1002/hep.20595 · DOI
  70. Llach, 1993, Effect of dipyridamole on kidney function in cirrhosis, Hepatology, 17, 59
  71. Pariente, 1985, Acute effects of captopril on systemic and renal hemodynamics and on renal function in cirrhotic patients with ascites, Gastroenterology, 88, 1255, 10.1016/S0016-5085(85)80088-3 · DOI
  72. Albillos, 1995, Continuous prazosin administration in cirrhotic patients: effects on portal hemodynamics and on liver and renal function, Gastroenterology, 109, 1257, 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90586-3 · DOI
  73. Cabrera, 1982, Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in cirrhosis. Value of urinary beta 2-microglobulin to discriminate functional renal failure from acute tubular damage, Gastroenterology, 82, 97, 10.1016/0016-5085(82)90129-9 · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(82)90129-9
  74. Guevara, 2004, Effects of contrast media on renal function in patients with cirrhosis: a prospective study, Hepatology, 40, 646, 10.1002/hep.20373 · doi:10.1002/hep.20373
  75. Solomon, 1994, Comparison of saline, mannitol, and furosemide to prevent acute decreases in renal function induced by radiocontrast agents, N Engl J Med, 331, 1416, 10.1056/NEJM199411243312104 · DOI · Paper page
  76. Salerno, 1993, Survival and prognostic factors of cirrhotic patients with ascites: a study of 134 outpatients, Am J Gastroenterol, 88, 514
  77. Guardiola, 2002, External validation of a prognostic model for predicting survival of cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites, Am J Gastroenterol, 97, 2374
  78. Huonker, 1999, Cardiac function and haemodynamics in alcoholic cirrhosis and effects of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt, Gut, 44, 743, 10.1136/gut.44.5.743 · DOI · Paper page
  79. Sanyal, 1997, The natural history of portal hypertension after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts, Gastroenterology, 112, 889, 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9041251 · DOI · Paper page
  80. Wong, 1995, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt: effects on hemodynamics and sodium homeostasis in cirrhosis and refractory ascites, Ann Intern Med, 122, 816, 10.7326/0003-4819-122-11-199506010-00002 · DOI · Paper page
  81. Wong, 1997, The mechanism of the initial natriuresis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, Gastroenterology, 112, 899, 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9041252 · DOI
  82. Gerbes, 1998, Renal effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in cirrhosis: comparison of patients with ascites, with refractory ascites, or without ascites, Hepatology, 28, 683, 10.1002/hep.510280313 · DOI
  83. Ochs, 1995, The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt procedure for refractory ascites, N Engl J Med, 332, 1192, 10.1056/NEJM199505043321803 · DOI · Paper page
  84. Plauth, 2004, Weight gain after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is associated with improvement in body composition in malnourished patients with cirrhosis and hypermetabolism, J Hepatol, 40, 228, 10.1016/j.jhep.2003.10.011 · DOI
  85. Gülberg, 2002, Improved quality of life in patients with refractory or recidivant ascites after insertion of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts, Digestion, 66, 127, 10.1159/000065593 · DOI
  86. Casado, 1998, Clinical events after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: correlation with hemodynamic findings, Gastroenterology, 114, 1296, 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70436-6 · DOI · Paper page
  87. Riggio, 2008, Incidence, natural history, and risk factors of hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent grafts, Am J Gastroenterol, 103, 2738, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.02102.x · DOI · Paper page
  88. Sauerbruch, 2015, Prevention of rebleeding from esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis receiving small-diameter stents vs. hemodynamically controlled medical therapy, Gastroenterology, 149, 660, 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.011 · DOI · Paper page
  89. Wang, 2017, Eight millimetre covered TIPS does not compromise shunt function but reduces hepatic encephalopathy in preventing variceal rebleeding, J Hepatol, 67, 508, 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.05.006 · DOI
  90. Pieper, 2017, Prospective evaluation of passive expansion of partially dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent grafts-a three-dimensional sonography study, J Vasc Interv Radiol, 28, 117, 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.06.023 · DOI
  91. Bureau, 2004, Improved clinical outcome using polytetrafluoroethylene-coated stents for TIPS: results of a randomized study, Gastroenterology, 126, 469, 10.1053/j.gastro.2003.11.016 · DOI · Paper page
  92. Gines, 2002, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting vs. paracentesis plus albumin for refractory ascites in cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 123, 1839, 10.1053/gast.2002.37073 · DOI · Paper page
  93. Lebrec, 1996, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: comparison with paracentesis in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites: a randomized trial. French Group of Clinicians and a Group of Biologists, J Hepatol, 25, 135, 10.1016/S0168-8278(96)80065-1 · DOI · Paper page
  94. Narahara, 2011, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt vs. paracentesis plus albumin in patients with refractory ascites who have good hepatic and renal function: a prospective randomized trial, J Gastroenterol, 46, 78, 10.1007/s00535-010-0282-9 · DOI · Paper page
  95. Rossle, 2000, A comparison of paracentesis and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting in patients with ascites, N Engl J Med, 342, 1701, 10.1056/NEJM200006083422303 · DOI · Paper page
  96. Salerno, 2004, Randomized controlled study of TIPS vs. paracentesis plus albumin in cirrhosis with severe ascites, Hepatology, 40, 629, 10.1002/hep.20364 · DOI · Paper page
  97. Sanyal, 2003, The North American study for the treatment of refractory ascites, Gastroenterology, 124, 634, 10.1053/gast.2003.50088 · DOI · Paper page
  98. Albillos, 2005, A meta-analysis of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt vs. paracentesis for refractory ascites, J Hepatol, 43, 990, 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.06.005 · DOI · Paper page
  99. Bai, 2014, TIPS improves liver transplantation-free survival in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites: an updated meta-analysis, World J Gastroenterol, 20, 2704, 10.3748/wjg.v20.i10.2704 · DOI · Paper page
  100. Chen, 2014, Prophylactic use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt aids in the treatment of refractory ascites: metaregression and trial sequential meta-analysis, J Clin Gastroenterol, 48, 290, 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3182a115e9 · DOI
  101. D'Amico, 2005, Uncovered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for refractory ascites: a meta-analysis, Gastroenterology, 129, 1282, 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.07.031 · DOI · Paper page
  102. Deltenre, 2005, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in refractory ascites: a meta-analysis, Liver Int, 25, 349, 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01095.x · DOI
  103. Saab, 2006, TIPS vs. paracentesis for cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD004889
  104. Salerno, 2007, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for refractory ascites: a meta-analysis of individual patient data, Gastroenterology, 133, 825, 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.06.020 · DOI · Paper page
  105. Maleux, 2010, Covered stents are better than uncovered stents for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites: a retrospective cohort study, Acta Gastroenterol Belg, 73, 336
  106. Tan, 2015, Long-term clinical outcome of patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt insertion, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 30, 389, 10.1111/jgh.12725 · DOI
  107. Gaba, 2015, Survival benefit of TIPS vs. serial paracentesis in patients with refractory ascites: a single institution case-control propensity score analysis, Clin Radiol, 70, e51, 10.1016/j.crad.2015.02.002 · doi:10.1016/j.crad.2015.02.002
  108. Bureau, 2011, Serum bilirubin and platelet count: a simple predictive model for survival in patients with refractory ascites treated by TIPS, J Hepatol, 54, 901, 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.08.025 · DOI
  109. Sarwar, 2017, Hospital volume and mortality after trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation in the United States, Hepatology
  110. Angeli, 1998, Acute effects of the oral administration of midodrine, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, on renal hemodynamics and renal function in cirrhotic patients with ascites, Hepatology, 28, 937, 10.1002/hep.510280407 · DOI
  111. Singh, 2012, Midodrine in patients with cirrhosis and refractory or recurrent ascites: a randomized pilot study, J Hepatol, 56, 348, 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.04.027 · DOI
  112. Gadano, 1997, Natriuretic response to the combination of atrial natriuretic peptide and terlipressin in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites, J Hepatol, 26, 1229, 10.1016/S0168-8278(97)80456-4 · DOI
  113. Krag, 2007, Terlipressin improves renal function in patients with cirrhosis and ascites without hepatorenal syndrome, Hepatology, 46, 1863, 10.1002/hep.21901 · DOI
  114. Lenaerts, 2006, Effects of clonidine on diuretic response in ascitic patients with cirrhosis and activation of sympathetic nervous system, Hepatology, 44, 844, 10.1002/hep.21355 · doi:10.1002/hep.21355
  115. Singh, 2013, Midodrine and clonidine in patients with cirrhosis and refractory or recurrent ascites: a randomized pilot study, Am J Gastroenterol, 108, 560, 10.1038/ajg.2013.9 · doi:10.1038/ajg.2013.9
  116. Rai, 2017, Midodrine and tolvaptan in patients with cirrhosis and refractory or recurrent ascites: a randomised pilot study, Liver Int, 37, 406, 10.1111/liv.13250 · DOI
  117. Tandon, 2009, The effect of 1 month of therapy with midodrine, octreotide-LAR and albumin in refractory ascites: a pilot study, Liver Int, 29, 169, 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01778.x · doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01778.x
  118. Hanafy, 2016, Rifaximin and midodrine improve clinical outcome in refractory ascites including renal function, weight loss, and short-term survival, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 28, 1455, 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000743 · DOI
  119. Bellot, 2013, Automated low flow pump system for the treatment of refractory ascites: a multi-center safety and efficacy study, J Hepatol, 58, 922, 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.12.020 · DOI
  120. Stirnimann, 2017, Treatment of refractory ascites with an automated low-flow ascites pump in patients with cirrhosis, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 46, 981, 10.1111/apt.14331 · DOI
  121. Bureau, 2017, Alfapump® system vs. large volume paracentesis for refractory ascites: A multicenter randomized controlled study, J Hepatol, 67, 940, 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.06.010 · DOI
  122. Sola, 2017, Effects of alfapump system on kidney and circulatory function in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites, Liver Transpl, 23, 583, 10.1002/lt.24763 · DOI
  123. Badillo, 2014, Hepatic hydrothorax. Clinical features, management, and outcomes in 77 patients and review of the literature, Medicine, 93, 135, 10.1097/MD.0000000000000025 · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000000025
  124. Garbuzenko, 2017, Hepatic hydrothorax: An update and review of the literature, World J Hepatol, 1197, 10.4254/wjh.v9.i31.1197 · doi:10.4254/wjh.v9.i31.1197
  125. Zenda, 1998, Detection of diaphragmatic defect as the cause of severe hepatic hydrothorax with magnetic resonance imaging, Am J Gastroenterol, 9, 2288, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00639.x · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00639.x
  126. Hewett, 2016, Diagnosis of isolated hepatic hydrothorax using peritoneal scintigraphy, Hepatology, 64, 1364, 10.1002/hep.28634 · doi:10.1002/hep.28634
  127. Alonso, 2010, Pleural effusion in liver disease, Semin Respir Crit Care Med, 31, 698, 10.1055/s-0030-1269829 · doi:10.1055/s-0030-1269829
  128. Orman, 2009, Outcomes of patients with chest tube insertion for hepatic hydrothorax, Hepatol Int, 3, 582, 10.1007/s12072-009-9136-z · DOI
  129. Xiol, 2005, Liver transplantation in patients with hepatic hydrothorax, Transpl Int, 18, 672, 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2005.00116.x · doi:10.1111/j.1432-2277.2005.00116.x
  130. Sersté, 2010, The impact of preoperative hepatic hydrothorax on the outcome of adult liver transplantation, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 22, 207, 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3283311140 · doi:10.1097/meg.0b013e3283311140
  131. Gordon, 1997, The successful treatment of symptomatic, refractory hepatic hydrothorax with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, Hepatology, 25, 1366, 10.1002/hep.510250611 · DOI · Paper page
  132. Siegerstetter, 2001, Treatment of refractory hepatic hydrothorax with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: long-term results in 40 patients, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 13, 529, 10.1097/00042737-200105000-00011 · DOI · Paper page
  133. Ditah, 2015, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt for medically refractory hepatic hydrothorax: A systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis, World J Hepatol, 7, 1797, 10.4254/wjh.v7.i13.1797 · DOI
  134. Hou, 2016, Effectiveness and safety of pleurodesis for hepatic hydrothorax: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Dig Dis Sci, 61, 3321, 10.1007/s10620-016-4260-9 · doi:10.1007/s10620-016-4260-9
  135. Huang, 2016, Thoracoscopic mesh repair of diaphragmatic defects in hepatic hydrothorax: A 10-year experience, Ann Thorac Surg, 101, 1921, 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.11.023 · doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.11.023
  136. Angeli, 2006, Gines P, and the participants to CAPPS. Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: results of a survey, Hepatology, 44, 1535, 10.1002/hep.21412 · DOI · Paper page
  137. Gines, 1998, Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: from pathogenesis to treatment, Hepatology, 28, 851, 10.1002/hep.510280337 · DOI · Paper page
  138. Spasovski, 2014, Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia, Intensive Care Med, 40, 320, 10.1007/s00134-014-3210-2 · DOI · Paper page
  139. Biggins, 2005, Serum sodium predicts mortality in patients listed for liver transplantation, Hepatology, 41, 32, 10.1002/hep.20517 · DOI · Paper page
  140. Porcel, 2002, Dilutional hyponatremia in patients with cirrhosis and ascites, Arch Intern Med, 162, 323, 10.1001/archinte.162.3.323 · DOI
  141. Cordoba, 2010, Hyponatremic and hepatic encephalopathies: similarities, differences and coexistence, Metab Brain Dis, 25, 73, 10.1007/s11011-010-9172-3 · DOI
  142. Cordoba, 2010, Hyponatremic and hepatic encephalopathies: similarities, differences and coexistence, Metab Brain Dis, 25, 73, 10.1007/s11011-010-9172-3 · DOI
  143. Amodio, 2001, Prevalence and prognostic value of quantified electroencephalogram (EEG) alterations in cirrhotic patients, J Hepatol, 35, 37, 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00129-5 · DOI · Paper page
  144. Londono, 2006, Hyponatremia impairs early posttransplantation outcome in patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver transplantation, Gastroenterology, 130, 1135, 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.02.017 · DOI
  145. Biggins, 2006, Evidence-based incorporation of serum sodium concentration into MELD, Gastroenterology, 130, 1652, 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.02.010 · DOI · Paper page
  146. Kim, 2008, Hyponatremia and mortality among patients on the liver-transplant waiting list, N Engl J Med, 359, 1018, 10.1056/NEJMoa0801209 · DOI · Paper page
  147. McCormick, 1990, Intravenous albumin infusion is an effective therapy for hyponatraemia in cirrhotic patients with ascites, Gut, 31, 204, 10.1136/gut.31.2.204 · DOI
  148. Quittnat, 2006, Vaptans and the treatment of water-retaining disorders, Semin Nephrol, 26, 234, 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2006.02.003 · DOI
  149. Cardenas, 2012, Tolvaptan, an oral vasopressin antagonist, in the treatment of hyponatremia in cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 56, 571, 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.08.020 · DOI
  150. Gerbes, 2003, Therapy of hyponatremia in cirrhosis with a vasopressin receptor antagonist: a randomized double-blind multicenter trial, Gastroenterology, 124, 933, 10.1053/gast.2003.50143 · DOI · Paper page
  151. O'Leary, 2009, Conivaptan increases serum sodium in hyponatremic patients with end-stage liver disease, Liver Transpl, 15, 1325, 10.1002/lt.21836 · DOI
  152. Wong, 2010, Effects of a selective vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, satavaptan, on ascites recurrence after paracentesis in patients with cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 53, 283, 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.02.036 · DOI
  153. Wong, 2012, Satavaptan for the management of ascites in cirrhosis: efficacy and safety across the spectrum of ascites severity, Gut, 61, 108, 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300157 · DOI
  154. Pose, 2017, Limited efficacy of tolvaptan in patients with cirrhosis and severe hyponatremia: real-life experience, Am J Med, 130, 372, 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.09.011 · DOI
  155. Torres, 2012, Tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, N Engl J Med, 367, 2407, 10.1056/NEJMoa1205511 · DOI · Paper page
  156. Bosch, 2015, Evolution in the understanding of the pathophysiological basis of portal hypertension: How changes in paradigm are leading to successful new treatments, J Hepatol, 62, S121, 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.01.003 · DOI · Paper page
  157. D'Amico, 2003, Upper digestive bleeding in cirrhosis. Post-therapeutic outcome and prognostic indicators, Hepatology, 38, 599, 10.1053/jhep.2003.50385 · DOI · Paper page
  158. Jepsen, 2010, Clinical course of alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a Danish population-based cohort study, Hepatology, 51, 1675, 10.1002/hep.23500 · DOI · Paper page
  159. Kovalak, 2007, Endoscopic screening for varices in cirrhotic patients: data from a national endoscopic database, Gastrointest Endosc, 65, 82, 10.1016/j.gie.2006.08.023 · DOI · Paper page
  160. Merli, 2003, Incidence and natural history of small esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients, J Hepatol, 38, 266, 10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00420-8 · DOI · Paper page
  161. Groszmann, 2005, Beta-blockers to prevent gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis, N Engl J Med, 353, 2254, 10.1056/NEJMoa044456 · DOI · Paper page
  162. Abraldes, 2016, Non invasive tools and risk of clinically significant portal hypertension and varices in compensated cirrhosis : the “ANTICIPATE” study, Hepatology, 64, 2173, 10.1002/hep.28824 · DOI · Paper page
  163. De Franchis, 2015, Expanding consensus in portal hypertension: report of the BAVENO VI Consensus Workshop: Stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension, J Hepatol, 63, 743, 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.05.022 · DOI · Paper page
  164. Garcia-Tsao, 2007, Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis, Hepatology, 46, 922, 10.1002/hep.21907 · DOI · Paper page
  165. 1988, Prediction of the first variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices. A prospective multicenter study, N Engl J Med, 319, 983, 10.1056/NEJM198810133191505 · DOI · Paper page
  166. D’Amico, 2014, Competing risks and prognostic stages of cirrhosis: a 25-year inception cohort study of 494 patients, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 39, 1180, 10.1111/apt.12721 · DOI · Paper page
  167. Augustin, 2009, Predicting early mortality after acute variceal hemorrhage based on classification and regression tree analysis, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 7, 1347, 10.1016/j.cgh.2009.08.011 · DOI · Paper page
  168. Bosch, 2003, Prevention of variceal rebleeding, Lancet, 361, 952, 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12778-X · DOI · Paper page
  169. Garcia-Pagan, 2008, Review article: the modern management of portal hypertension–primary and secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 28, 178, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03729.x · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03729.x
  170. Hernandez-Gea, 2012, Development of ascites in compensated cirrhosis with severe portal hypertension treated with beta-blockers, Am J Gastroenterol, 107, 418, 10.1038/ajg.2011.456 · DOI
  171. Puente, 2014, Drugs plus ligation to prevent rebleeding in cirrhosis: an updated systematic review, Liver Int, 34, 823, 10.1111/liv.12452 · DOI
  172. Villanueva, 2017, A randomized trial to assess whether portal pressure guided therapy to prevent variceal rebleeding improves survival in cirrhosis, Hepatology, 65, 1693, 10.1002/hep.29056 · DOI
  173. D'Amico, 1999, Pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension: an evidence-based approach, Semin Liver Dis, 19, 475, 10.1055/s-2007-1007133 · DOI · Paper page
  174. Albillos, 2007, Value of the hepatic venous pressure gradient to monitor drug therapy for portal hypertension: a meta-analysis, Am J Gastroenterol, 102, 1116, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01191.x · DOI
  175. Li, 2016, Carvedilol for portal hypertension in cirrhosis: systematic review with meta-analysis, BMJ Open, 6, e010902, 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010902 · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010902
  176. Serste, 2010, Deleterious effects of beta-blockers on survival in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites, Hepatology, 52, 1017, 10.1002/hep.23775 · DOI · Paper page
  177. Wiest, 2012, The window hypothesis: haemodynamic and non-haemodynamic effects of beta-blockers improve survival of patients with cirrhosis during a window in the disease, Gut, 61, 967, 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301348 · DOI
  178. Bossen, 2016, Non-selective beta-blockers do not affect mortality in cirrhosis patients with ascites: Post hoc analysis of three RCTs with 1198 patients, Hepatology, 63, 1968, 10.1002/hep.28352 · DOI
  179. Bang, 2016, Effect of propranolol on survival in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: a nationwide study based Danish patient registers, Liver Int, 36, 1304, 10.1111/liv.13119 · DOI
  180. Reiberger, 2017, Beta adrenergic blockade and decompensated cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 66, 849, 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.11.001 · DOI
  181. Leithead, 2015, Non-selective β-blockers are associated with improved survival in patients with ascites listed for liver transplantation, Gut, 64, 1111, 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306502 · DOI
  182. Senzolo, 2009, Beta-blockers protect against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis, Liver Int, 29, 1189, 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02038.x · DOI · Paper page
  183. Reiberger, 2013, Non-selective beta-blocker therapy decreases intestinal permeability and serum levels of LBP and IL-6 in patients with cirrhosis, J Hepatol, 58, 911, 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.12.011 · DOI · Paper page
  184. Madsen, 2016, Keep the sick from harm in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Dose of beta blockers matters, J Hepatol, 64, 1455, 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.01.031 · DOI
  185. Serste, 2012, Severe hyponatremia is a better predictor of mortality than MELDNa in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites, J Hepatol, 57, 274, 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.03.018 · DOI
  186. Krag, 2010, Low cardiac output predicts development of hepatorenal syndrome and survival in patients with cirrhosis and ascites, Gut, 59, 105, 10.1136/gut.2009.180570 · DOI · Paper page
  187. Ruiz-del-Arbol, 2003, Systemic, renal, and hepatic hemodynamic derangement in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Hepatology, 38, 1210, 10.1053/jhep.2003.50447 · DOI · Paper page
  188. Payance, 2016, Lack of clinical or haemodynamic rebound after abrupt interruption of beta-blockers in patients with cirrhosis, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 43, 966, 10.1111/apt.13577 · doi:10.1111/apt.13577
  189. Garcia-Tsao, 2010, Management of varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis, N Engl J Med, 362, 823, 10.1056/NEJMra0901512 · DOI · Paper page
  190. Villanueva, 2014, Optimizing general management of acute variceal bleeding in cirrhosis, Curr Hepatol Rep, 13, 198, 10.1007/s11901-014-0241-7 · doi:10.1007/s11901-014-0241-7
  191. Avgerinos, 1997, Early administration of somatostatin and efficacy of sclerotherapy in acute oesophageal variceal bleeds: the European Acute Bleeding Oesophageal Variceal Episodes (ABOVE) randomised trial, Lancet, 350, 1495, 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)05099-X · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)05099-x
  192. Levacher, 1995, Early administration of terlipressin plus glyceryl trinitrate to control active upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients, Lancet, 346, 865, 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)92708-5 · DOI · Paper page
  193. Garcia-Tsao, 2017, Portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis: Risk stratification, diagnosis, and management: 2016 practice guidance by the American Association for the study of liver diseases, Hepatology, 65, 310, 10.1002/hep.28906 · DOI · Paper page
  194. Myburgh, 2011, Fluid resuscitation in acute illness–time to reappraise the basics, N Engl J Med, 364, 2543, 10.1056/NEJMe1105490 · DOI
  195. Villanueva, 2013, Transfusion strategies for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, N Engl J Med, 368, 11, 10.1056/NEJMoa1211801 · DOI · Paper page
  196. Seo, 2014, Lack of difference among terlipressin, somatostatin, and octreotide in the control of acute gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage, Hepatology, 60, 954, 10.1002/hep.27006 · DOI · Paper page
  197. Azam, 2012, Short course adjuvant terlipressin in acute variceal bleeding: a randomized double blind dummy controlled trial, J Hepatol, 56, 819, 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.11.019 · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.11.019
  198. Altraif, 2011, Effect of erythromycin before endoscopy in patients presenting with variceal bleeding: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Gastrointest Endosc, 73, 245, 10.1016/j.gie.2010.09.043 · DOI
  199. Banares, 2002, Endoscopic treatment vs. endoscopic plus pharmacologic treatment for acute variceal bleeding: a meta-analysis, Hepatology, 35, 609, 10.1053/jhep.2002.31354 · DOI · Paper page
  200. Villanueva, 2006, A randomized controlled trial comparing ligation and sclerotherapy as emergency endoscopic treatment added to somatostatin in acute variceal bleeding, J Hepatol, 45, 560, 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.05.016 · DOI · Paper page

200 of 583 shown

Cited by

See all 2,905

Metadata

Authors
Angeli, P., Bernardi, M., Villanueva, C., Francoz, C., Mookerjee, R. P., Trebicka, J., Krag, A., Laleman, W., & Gines, P.
Venue
Journal of Hepatology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-08
Volume
69
Issue
2
Pages
406-460
ISSN
0168-8278 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024
OpenAlex
W2802906787
Cited by
2,905
References
22
FWCI
132.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2018-11-01)
Open access
bronze
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024
The paper
Angeli, P., Bernardi, M., Villanueva, C., Francoz, C., Mookerjee, R. P., Trebicka, J., Krag, A., Laleman, W., & Gines, P. (2018). EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.